Psychology Questions

Start Studying!

Terms

undefined, object

copy deck

What is "Posteriori Knowledge"?: Posteriori Knowledge is knowledge that is known by experience.
What are the 5 types of receptors for taste?: Salt, sour, bitter, sweet, umami(savory-protein)
What is a Mach Band?: A Mach Band is an illusory band of perceived brightness due to contrast amplification.
Who discovered the "Conservation of Energy"?: Hermann von Helmholtz
What type of psychology did William James focus on?: Functionalism
Who studied the brain topography of animals?: Pierre Flourens
Who performed work with threshold's?: Gustav Theodor Fechner
What are problems with observational studies?: No ability to manipulate independent variable; In correlational studies: Causal ambiguity and third-variable problem.
Who pioneered Classical Conditioning?: Ivan Pavlov
Who wrote the "Doctrine of Specific Nerve Energies"?: Johannes Muller
What are the binocular depth cues?: Binocular disparity
What is the stimulus for hearing?: Frequency = pitch, Amplitude = loudness, Complexity = timbre
What is Fechner's Law?: S = k log(I)
Who studied muscular physiology and reflexes?: Descartes
Who was the first to use the scientific method?: Aristotle
What is Hyperopia?: Farsightedness
What type of psychology did William Wundt focus on?: Structuralism
What is a Bipolar Cell?: A Bipolar Cell is a type of sensory neuron found in the retina of the eye. It has a single dendrite, and a single axon.
What is "Broca's Area"?: Broca's Area is the brain's center for speech. It's located in the left frontal lobe.
Who dealt with the powers of mental association?: James Mill
What are the motion-based cues?: Motion Parallax
What does the dorsal stream do?: Identifies the location and motion of an object
What does the ventral stream do?: Identifies an object's shape and identity
Who pioneered Operant Conditioning?: B.F. Skinner
What is Myopia?: Nearsightedness
Who classified the nervous system in humans?: Paul Broca
What is a Pyramidal Cell?: A Pyramidal Cell is is a type of interneuron found in the cerebral cortex that has a triangular cell body and a single long dendrite with many smaller dendrites.
What is Operant Conditioning?: Operant Conditioning is a form of learning in which behavior is shaped by reinforcement or punishment.
Who were the father's of psychology?: William Wundt and William James
What are the Gestalt perceptual grouping rules?: Simplicity, closure, continuity, similarity, proximity, and common fate
What is a Purkinje Cell?: A Purkinje Cell is a type of interneuron that carries informations from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain and spinal cord.
Who came up with Dualism?: Descartes
Who came up with Radical Behaviorism?: B.F. Skinner
What is Classical Conditioning?: Classical Conditioning is a form of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to cause a learned response.
Who studied rationalism?: Descartes
Who discovered that muscles and nerve cells produce electricity?: Luigi Galvani
What are the monocular depth cues?: Familiar size, relative size, linear perspective, relative height, texture gradient, interposition
Who was the first president of the APA?: G. Stanley Hall
What is the stimulus for vision?: Wavelength = hue, Amplitude = brightness, Purity = saturation(richness)
What is positivism?: Positivism states that the only authentic knowledge is knowledge that is based on actual sense experience.
Who worked with puzzle boxes?: Edward Thorndike
Who studied the travel time of nerve pulses?: Hermann von Helmholtz
Who performed experiments on "Little Albert"?: John Watson
Who is credited with the contribution of the theory of Positivism?: Auguste Comte
Who studied brain lesions?: Paul Broca
What is "Specificity Theory"?: Different sensory qualities are signaled by different neurons.
What is the "Tabula Rosa" and who advanced this theory?: The "Tabula Rasa" means the blank slate. It means that people are born without innate idea. This theory was first written about by aristotle, but was advanced by John Locke.
Who studied "trial and error learning"?: Edward Thorndike
What is "Priori Knowledge"?: Priori Knowledge is knowledge that is known independently of experience.
What is Lateral Inhibition?: A physiological mechanism that produces edge enhancement
What is the "Doctrine of Specific Nerve Energies"?: Differences between seeing, hearing, etc. are not caused by differences in stimuli, but by differences in the nervous system structures that the stimuli excite.
Who is Phineas Gage?: A railroad manager who got an iron rod shot through his Frontal Lobe. It changed his personality severely.
Where is the site of transduction for vision?: The retina
What are the 4 steps of the Scientific Method?: 1) Form a testable hypothesis, 2) Collect data systematically, 3) Evaluate data, 4) Generate new hypotheses
Who came up with the idea of Priori and Posteriori knowledge?: John Locke
What is transduction?: Transduction is the converting of information into a neural signal.
Who used electric stimulation to map the topography of the human brain?: Fritsch and Hitzig
Who invented the Opthalmoscope?: Hermann von Helmholtz
Who classified the nervous system in nonhuman animals?: Pierre Flourens
What is Dualism?: Dualism is the presumption that the human mind and body are two distinct entities that interact with each other to make a person.
What types of ions are involved in Resting and Action Potential?: Na+ (Sodium) and K+ (Potassium)
What is plasticity?: Plasticity is the ability of the brain to adapt and mold to new information.
What is rationalism?: Rationalism is the theory that knowledge is acquired by reason, without resort to experience.
What is "Pattern Theory"?: Different sensory qualities are signaled by different patterns of firing amongst many neurons.
Who established the first psychology lab in the U.S.?: G. Stanley Hall
Where was the first psychology lab in the U.S.?: John Hopkins University
Who is the founder of experimental brain science?: Pierre Flourens

Start Studying!

Deck Info

Number of cards 67