USMLE Step 2 Rapid Review
Rapid review questions from First Aid for the USMLE Step 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Frotteurism (a paraphilia)
- A man has repeated, intense urges to rub his body against unsuspecting passengers on a bus.
- Betamethasone or dexamethasone × 48 hours
- Medication given to accelerate fetal lung maturity.
- Seborrheic keratosis
- "Stuck-on" appearance.
- Lichen sclerosus
- Inflammation and epithelial thinning of the anogenital area, predominantly in postmenopausal women.
- Angina, ST-segment changes on ECG, or ↓ BP
- Signs of active ischemia during stress testing.
- Prerenal
- Type of ARF in a patient with FeNa < 1%.
- < 7.0
- Goal hemoglobin A1c for a patient with DM.
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- A young child presents with proximal muscle weakness, waddling gait, and pronounced calf muscles.
- 1° syphilis
- Nonpainful chancre.
- Displacement
- Name the defense mechanism: ■ A mother who is angry at her husband yells at her child.
- Pseudogout
- Rhomboid-shaped, positively birefringent crystals on joint fluid aspirate.
- von Willebrand's disease; treat with desmopressin, FFP, or cryoprecipitate
- A 14-year-old girl presents with prolonged bleeding after dental surgery and with menses, normal PT, normal or ↑ PTT, and ↑ bleeding time. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- Salmonella
- Name the organism: ■ Osteomyelitis in a sickle cell patient.
- S. aureus or S. epidermidis.
- A patient develops endocarditis three weeks after receiving a prosthetic heart valve. What organism is suspected?
- β-hCG; the most common cause of amenorrhea is pregnancy
- The first test to perform when a woman presents with amenorrhea.
- When there is no rationale for treatment, maximal intervention is failing, a given intervention has already failed, and treatment will not achieve the goals of care
- When can a physician refuse to continue treating a patient on the grounds of futility?
- Regression
- Name the defense mechanism: ■ A hospitalized 10-year-old begins to wet his bed.
- DM, SLE, and amyloidosis
- Three systemic diseases → nephrotic syndrome.
- Anemia of chronic disease
- Microcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and normal or ↑ ferritin.
- Graves' disease
- Exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema, and ↓ TSH.
- HIDA scan
- Diagnostic modality used when ultrasound is equivocal for cholecystitis.
- Acute mania. Start a mood stabilizer (e.g., lithium)
- A patient hasn't slept for days, lost $20,000 gambling, is agitated, and has pressured speech. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
- An 80-year-old man presents with fatigue, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and isolated lymphocytosis. Suspected diagnosis?
- Identify cause; fluid and blood repletion
- Treatment of hypovolemic shock.
- Coarctation of the aorta
- A congenital heart disease that cause 2° hypertension.
- Broca's aphasia. Frontal lobe, left MCA distribution
- A 55-year-old patient presents with acute "broken speech." What type of aphasia? What lobe and vascular distribution?
- Pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. influenzae. Treat with cefotaxime and vancomycin
- Meningitis in infants. Causes? Treatment?
- Type I (distal) RTA
- Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) associated with abnormal H+ secretion and nephrolithiasis.
- Patient on dopamine antagonist
- Galactorrhea, impotence, menstrual dysfunction, and ↓ libido.
- Endometrial or estrogen receptor- breast cancer
- Unopposed estrogen is contraindicated in which cancers?
- A patient's family cannot require that a doctor withhold information from the patient
- A son asks that his mother not be told about her recently discovered cancer.
- Charcot's triad plus shock and mental status changes, with suppurative ascending cholangitis
- Reynolds' pentad.
- Pityriasis rosea
- Presents with a herald patch, Christmas-tree pattern.
- Abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension, insulin resistance, prothrombotic or proinflammatory states
- What is the metabolic syndrome?
- ↓ Ca2+ , ↑ K− , ↑ phosphate, ↑ uric acid
- Electrolyte changes in tumor lysis syndrome.
- Isospora, Cryptosporidium, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ AIDS
- SIADH due to stress
- A postoperative patient with significant pain presents with hyponatremia and normal volume status.
- Osmotic fragility test
- Diagnostic test for hereditary spherocytosis.
- Morphine, O2, sublingual nitroglycerin, ASA, IV β-blockers, heparin
- Treatment for acute coronary syndrome.
- Acanthosis nigricans. Check fasting blood sugar to rule out diabetes
- A 55-year-old obese patient presents with dirty, velvety patches on the back of the neck.
- Free air under the diaphragm, extravasation of contrast, severe bowl distention, space-occupying lesion (CT), mesenteric occlusion (angiography)
- Radiographic indications for surgery in patients with acute abdomen.
- Edrophonium
- Administer to a symptomatic patient to diagnose myasthenia gravis.
- Group B strep, E. coli, Listeria. Treat with gentamicin and ampicillin
- Meningitis in neonates. Causes? Treatment?
- Obstructive pulmonary disease (e.g., asthma)
- PFT showing ↓ FEV1/FVC.
- Wegener's granulomatosis and Goodpasture's syndrome
- Glomerulonephritis with hemoptysis.
- INH, penicillamine, hydralazine, procainamide
- Causes of drug-induced SLE.
- Clomiphene citrate
- Medication used to induce ovulation.
- Monoclonal gammopathy, Bence Jones proteinuria, "punched-out" lesions on x-ray of the skull and long bones
- A 60-year-old African-American male presents with bone pain. Workup for multiple myeloma might reveal?
- Age > 45-50 years; lesions new or larger in comparison to old films; absence of calcification or irregular calcification; size > 2 cm; irregular margins
- Characteristics favoring carcinoma in an isolated pulmonary nodule.
- Treat immediately. Consent is implied in emergency situations
- An eight-year-old child is in a serious accident. She requires emergent transfusion, but her parents are not present.
- Stasis, endothelial injury and hypercoagulability (Virchow's triad)
- Risk factors for DVT.
- Sulfonamides, antimalarial drugs, fava beans
- Precipitants of hemolytic crisis in patients with G6PD deficiency.
- Prolactinoma. Dopamine agonists (e.g., bromocriptine)
- The most common pituitary tumor. Treatment?
- Panic disorder
- A 35-year-old male has recurrent episodes of palpitations, diaphoresis, and fear of going crazy.
- Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, radiation, HIV, chemotherapeutic agents, hepatitis, parvovirus B19, EBV
- Medications and viruses that → aplastic anemia.
- High TSH, low T4, antimicrosomal antibodies
- Lab findings in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
- Neuroleptics
- Medication to avoid in patients with a history of alcohol withdrawal seizures.
- Absence seizures
- May be seen in children who are accused of inattention in class and confused with ADHD.
- Suspect retinoblastoma
- A child has loss of red light reflex. Diagnosis?
- Iron overload; use deferoxamine
- A significant cause of morbidity in thalassemia patients. Treatment?
- Factitious disorder (Munchausen syndrome)
- A nurse presents with severe hypoglycemia; blood analysis reveals no elevation in C peptide.
- Infection, febrile seizures, trauma, idiopathic
- The most common cause of seizures in children (2-10 years).
- Vibrio, HAV
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Raw seafood
- Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
- A patient with a history of lithium use presents with copious amounts of dilute urine.
- Cluster headache
- Unilateral, severe periorbital headache with tearing and conjunctival erythema.
- Bullous pemphigoid
- - Nikolsky's sign.
- Lesions of 1° varicella
- "Dewdrop on a rose petal."
- Restrictive pulmonary disease
- PFT showing ↑ FEV1/FVC.
- Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
- Auer rods on blood smear.
- β-blockers, Ca2+ channel blockers, TCAs
- Prophylactic treatment for migraine.
- 1° hyperaldosteronism (due to Conn's syndrome or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia)
- A patient complains of headache, weakness, and polyuria; exam reveals hypertension and tetany. Labs reveals hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis.
- Pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia, poikilothermia
- The 6 P's of ischemia due to peripheral vascular disease.
- Pasteurella multocida
- Name the organism: ■ Dog or cat bite.
- Dissociative fugue
- A man unexpectedly flies across the country, takes a new name, and has no memory of his prior life.
- Fanconi's anemia
- Anemia associated with absent radii and thumbs, diffuse hyperpigmentation, café-au-lait spots, microcephaly, and pancytopenia.
- Allergic interstitial nephritis
- Eosinophils in urine sediment.
- Tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, Argyll Robertson pupil, aortitis, aortic root aneurysms
- Findings in 3° syphilis.
- OCP and barrier contraception
- Contraceptive methods that protect against PID.
- Substance abuse
- A patient continues to use cocaine after being in jail, losing his job, and not paying child support.
- Ampulla of the oviduct
- The most common location for an ectopic pregnancy.
- A patient with chest trauma who was previously stable suddenly dies
- Signs of air embolism.
- Think of leaky capillaries. Malignancy, TB, bacterial or viral infection, pulmonary embolism with infarct, and pancreatitis
- Causes of exudative effusion.
- Taenia solium (cysticercosis)
- Ring-enhancing brain lesion on CT with seizures
- Hemophilia A or B; consider desmopressin (for hemophilia A) or factor VIII or IX supplements
- An eight-year-old boy presents with hemarthrosis and ↑ PTT with normal PT and bleeding time. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- MAOIs
- Antidepressants associated with hypertensive crisis.
- S. aureus
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Church picnics/mayonnaise
- Blast crisis (fever, bone pain, splenomegaly, pancytopenia)
- A late, life-threatening complication of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).
- Sensitivity
- The number of true positives divided by the number of patients with the disease is _____.
- Exercise stress treadmill with ECG
- Appropriate diagnostic test? ■ A 50-year-old male with angina can exercise to 85% of maximum predicted heart rate.
- Uveitis, ankylosing spondylitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum, 1° sclerosing cholangitis
- Extraintestinal manifestations of IBD.
- Mallory-Weiss—superficial tear in the esophageal mucosa Boerhaave—full-thickness esophageal rupture
- Difference between Mallory-Weiss and Boerhaave tears.
- Immediate needle thoracostomy
- Treatment of tension pneumothorax.
- β-blockers, digoxin, calcium channel blockers
- Drugs that slow AV node transmission.
- Hypocalcemia
- Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs.
- HGPRTase deficiency)
- gout, self-mutilation, and choreoathetosis.
- Avascular necrosis
- Complication of scaphoid fracture.
- Conflict of interest
- A doctor refers a patient for an MRI at a facility he/she owns.
- Multiple myeloma
- The most common 1° malignant tumor of bone.
- ACEI
- Antihypertensive for a diabetic patient with proteinuria.
- Uterine atony
- The most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.
- BP > 140/90 on three separate occasions two weeks apart
- Definition of hypertension.
- The incidence rate (IR) of a disease in exposed − the IR of a disease in unexposed
- Attributable risk?
- Usually resolves spontaneously; may require IVIG and/or corticosteroids
- Treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in children.
- Lyme disease, Ixodes tick, doxycycline
- A middle-aged man presents with acute-onset monoarticular joint pain and bilateral Bell's palsy. What is the likely diagnosis, and how did he get it? Treatment?
- Distal radius (Colles' fracture)
- Bone is fractured in fall on outstretched hand.
- Hyperkalemia
- Peaked T waves and widened QRS.
- Mycoplasma
- Cold agglutinins.
- Bladder rupture or urethral injury
- Blood in the urethral meatus or high-riding prostate.
- "Sawtooth" P waves
- Classic ECG finding in atrial flutter.
- Uterine massage; if that fails, give oxytocin
- Treatment for postpartum hemorrhage.
- Prinzmetal's angina
- A young patient has angina at rest with ST-segment elevation. Cardiac enzymes are normal.
- Stable, unruptured ectopic pregnancy of < 3.5 cm at < 6 weeks' gestation
- Indications for medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy.
- Rate control, rhythm conversion, and anticoagulation
- Treatment of AF.
- Number of deaths during pregnancy to 90 days postpartum per 100,000 live births
- Maternal mortality?
- Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
- A nonsuppurative complication of streptococcal infection that is not altered by treatment of 1° infection.
- Regresses after menopause
- Natural history of a leiomyoma.
- α-antagonists (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
- Should α- or β-antagonists be used first in treating pheochromocytoma?
- Parainfluenza virus type 1
- The most common pathogen causing croup.
- Third-degree heart block
- Cannon "a" waves.
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (purine salvage problem with
- Defect in an X-linked syndrome with mental retardation,
- Seborrheic dermatitis. Treat with antifungals
- "Cradle cap."
- Uremic syndrome seen in patients with renal failure
- Drowsiness, asterixis, nausea, and a pericardial friction rub.
- IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease)
- The most common form of glomerulonephritis.
- Ulcerative colitis
- Inflammatory disease of the colon with ↑ risk of colon cancer.
- AP chest, AP/lateral C-spine, AP pelvis
- Trauma series.
- Guillain-Barré (↑ protein in CSF with only a modest ↑ in cell count)
- Albuminocytologic dissociation.
- Respiratory alkalosis
- Acid-base disturbance commonly seen in pregnant women.
- Conduct disorder
- A 13-year-old male has a history of theft, vandalism, and violence toward family pets.
- Anorexia
- Amenorrhea, bradycardia, and abnormal body image in a young female.
- Lobular carcinoma in situ
- Breast cancer type that ↑ the future risk of invasive carcinoma in both breasts.
- 46,XX
- Chromosomal pattern of a complete mole.
- Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Supportive care. Steroids may help
- Honeycomb pattern on CXR. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- "Chocolate cysts," powder burns
- Laparoscopic findings in endometriosis.
- Agranulocytosis
- The most serious side effect of clozapine.
- Think of intact capillaries. CHF, liver or kidney disease, and protein-losing enteropathy
- Causes of transudative effusion.
- M3
- AML subtype associated with DIC.
- Coccidioidomycosis. Amphotericin B
- A patient from California or Arizona presents with fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- Spinal stenosis
- Back pain that is exacerbated by standing and walking and relieved with sitting and hyperflexion of the hips.
- MCP and PIP joints; DIP joints are spared
- Joints in the hand affected in rheumatoid arthritis.
- 50 cc/hour
- Acceptable urine output in a trauma patient.
- Diamond-Blackfan anemia
- Pure RBC aplasia.
- Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
- What is the immunodeficiency? ■ A child has eczema, thrombocytopenia, and high levels of IgA.
- Sporothrix schenckii
- Name the organism: ■ Gardener.
- Trauma; the second most common is berry aneurysm
- The most common cause of SAH.
- Administration of DDAVP ↓ serum osmolality and free water restriction
- Treatment of central DI.
- Pheochromocytoma
- A patient presents with tachycardia, wild swings in BP, headache, diaphoresis, altered mental status, and a sense of panic.
- Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
- A newborn female has continuous "machinery murmur."
- Neuroblastoma
- Nontender abdominal mass associated with elevated VMA and HVA.
- Spontaneous pneumothorax. Spontaneous regression. Supplemental O2 may be helpful
- A tall white male presents with acute shortness of breath. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- Iatrogenic steroid administration. The second most common cause is Cushing's disease
- The most common cause of Cushing's syndrome.
- Threatened abortion
- Uterine bleeding at 18 weeks' gestation; no products expelled; cervical os closed.
- Diverticulosis
- The most likely cause of acute lower GI bleed in patients > 40 years old.
- ≤ 200 for PCP (with TMP); ≤ 50-100 for MAI (with clarithromycin/azithromycin)
- Begin Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis in an HIV-positive patient at what CD4 count? Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) prophylaxis?
- E. coli O157:H7
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Uncooked hamburgers
- Pemphigus vulgaris
- + Nikolsky's sign.
- Number of deaths from birth to 28 days per 1000 live births
- Neonatal mortality?
- Establish the ABCs
- First step in the management of a patient with acute GI bleed.
- TB medications (INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide), acetaminophen, and tetracycline
- Classic causes of drug-induced hepatitis.
- False. Withdrawing and withholding life are the same from an ethical standpoint
- True or false: Withdrawing life-sustaining care is ethically distinct from withholding sustaining care.
- Echocardiogram (showing thickened left ventricular wall and outflow obstruction)
- Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- Neither
- Case-control study—incidence or prevalence?
- Pleural/serum protein > 0.5; pleural/serum LDH > 0.6
- Criteria for exudative effusion.
- Intussusception
- A condition associated with red "currant-jelly" stools.
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
- CSF findings: ■ Numerous RBCs in serial CSF samples
- Nephritic syndrome
- Hematuria, hypertension, and oliguria.
- The likelihood of a disease among individuals exposed to a risk factor compared to those who have not been exposed
- Odds ratio?
- Fluid restriction, demeclocycline
- Treatment of SIADH?
- Type II (proximal) RTA
- RTA associated with abnormal HCO3 − and rickets.
- Pulsus paradoxus (seen in cardiac tamponade)
- A fall in systolic BP of > 10 mmHg with inspiration.
- Anticoagulation, rate control, cardioversion
- Treatment for atrial fibrillation.
- Angina is new, is worsening, or occurs at rest
- Definition of unstable angina.
- Right-to-left shunt, hypoventilation, low inspired O2 tension, diffusion defect, V/Q mismatch
- Causes of hypoxemia.
- Duodenal atresia
- Bilious emesis within hours after the first feeding.
- Number of deaths from 20 weeks' gestation to birth per 1000 total births
- Fetal mortality?
- Number of deaths from birth to one year of age per 1000 live births (neonatal + postnatal mortality)
- Infant mortality?
- Abdominal ultrasound and CT
- Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mass and bruit.
- Depersonalization disorder
- A woman who was abused as a child frequently feels outside of or detached from her body.
- Neurofibromatosis 1
- Café-au-lait spots on skin.
- Hypertension, bradycardia, and abnormal respirations
- Signs of ↑ ICP (Cushing's triad).
- Higher prevalence
- Chronic diseases such as SLE—higher prevalence or incidence?
- IV penicillin or ampicillin
- Typical antibiotics for group B streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis.
- Observational bias
- Bias introduced into a study when a clinician is aware of the patient's treatment type.
- Impetigo
- Honey-crusted lesions.
- Huntington's disease
- Rigidity and stiffness that progress to choreiform movements, accompanied by moodiness and altered behavior.
- O2, analgesia, hydration, and, if severe, transfusion
- A 25-year-old African-American male with sickle cell anemia has sudden onset of bone pain. Management of pain crisis?
- Hypernatremia
- "Doughy skin."
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Name the organism: ■ Pregnant women with pets.
- Fluids, insulin, and aggressive replacement of electrolytes (e.g., K+)
- Treatment of DKA.
- 5-aminosalicylic acid +/− sulfasalazine and steroids during acute exacerbations
- Medical treatment for IBD.
- Reaction formation
- Name the defense mechanism: ■ A pedophile enters a monastery.
- SCLC
- Lung cancer highly related to cigarette exposure.
- Confirm the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis with elevated amylase and lipase. Make patient NPO and give IV fluids, O2, analgesia, and "tincture of time"
- A 50-year-old man with a history of alcohol abuse presents with boring epigastric pain that radiates to the back and is relieved by sitting forward. Management?
- Cellulitis
- A febrile patient with a history of diabetes presents with a red, swollen, painful lower extremity.
- Amoxicillin × 10 days
- First-line treatment for otitis media.
- Bruton's X-linked agammaglobulinemia
- What is the immunodeficiency? ■ A four-month-old boy has life-threatening Pseudomonas infection.
- Inevitable abortion
- Uterine bleeding at 18 weeks' gestation; no products expelled; membranes ruptured; cervical os open.
- OCPs
- The most common cause of hypertension in young women.
- Cardiomegaly, prominent pulmonary vessels, Kerley B lines, "bat's-wing" appearance of hilar shadows, and perivascular and peribronchial cuffing
- Classic CXR findings for pulmonary edema.
- Varicella zoster
- Dermatomal distribution.
- Low-voltage, diffuse ST-segment elevation
- Classic ECG findings in pericarditis.
- Never
- When should a vaginal exam be performed with suspected placenta previa?
- Treat CO poisoning with 100% O2 or with hyperbaric O2 if severe poisoning or pregnant
- A burn patient presents with cherry-red flushed skin and coma. SaO2 is normal, but carboxyhemoglobin is elevated. Treatment?
- Parkinson's disease
- Rigidity and stiffness with resting tremor and masked facies.
- Number of live births per 1000 population
- Birth rate?
- Seminoma—a type of germ cell tumor
- The most common type of testicular cancer.
- Fatigue and impending respiratory failure
- Normalizing PCO2 in a patient having an asthma exacerbation may indicate?
- Radiation
- Treatment for SVC syndrome.
- Treat because the disease represents an immediate threat to the child's life. Then seek a court order
- A 10-year-old child presents in status epilepticus, but her parents refuse treatment on religious grounds.
- Asherman's syndrome
- Cause of amenorrhea with normal prolactin, no response to estrogen-progesterone challenge, and a history of D&C.
- Protamine
- An agent that reverses the effects of heparin.
- IVIG or plasmapheresis
- Treatment for Guillain-Barré syndrome.
- IV hydration and loop diuretics (furosemide)
- First-line treatment for moderate hypercalcemia.
- Retrograde cystourethrogram
- Test to rule out urethral injury.
- Tardive dyskinesia. ↓ or discontinue haloperidol and consider another antipsychotic (e.g., risperidone, clozapine)
- A schizophrenic patient takes haloperidol for one year and develops uncontrollable tongue movements. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- When treatment noncompliance represents a serious danger to public health (e.g., active TB)
- Involuntary commitment or isolation for medical treatment may be undertaken for what reason?
- No. Parental consent is not necessary for the medical treatment of pregnant minors
- A 15-year-old pregnant girl requires hospitalization for preeclampsia. Should her parents be informed?
- Obstetric conjugate: between the sacral promontory and the midpoint of the symphysis pubis
- Shortest AP diameter of the pelvis.
- Stasis, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage
- Virchow's triad.
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Waxy casts in urine sediment and Maltese crosses (seen with lipiduria).
- Emergent large-volume plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, antiplatelet drugs
- Treatment for TTP.
- Malignancy and hyperparathyroidism
- The most common causes of hypercalcemia.
- Central pontine myelinolysis
- Complication of overly rapid correction of hyponatremia.
- Klebsiella
- Name the organism: ■ "Currant jelly" sputum.
- Elevated ICP, RBCs, xanthochromia
- CSF findings with SAH.
- Glomerulonephritis/nephritic syndrome
- Presence of red cell casts in urine sediment.
- Emergent laparotomy to repair perforated viscus, likely stomach
- Patient presents with sudden onset of severe, diffuse abdominal pain. Exam reveals peritoneal signs and AXR reveals free air under the diaphragm. Management?
- 1° adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease). Treat with replacement glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and IV fluids
- A patient presents with weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and new skin pigmentation. Labs show hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Treatment?
- Developmental dysplasia of the hip. If severe, consider a Pavlik harness to maintain abduction
- A first-born female who was born in breech position is found to have asymmetric skin folds on her newborn exam. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- Subdural hematoma—bridging veins torn
- A crescent-shaped hyperdensity on CT that does not cross the midline.
- High reliability, low validity
- Describe a test that consistently gives identical results, but the results are wrong.
- Legionella pneumonia
- A 55-year-old man who is a smoker and a heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flulike symptoms. Gram stain shows no organisms; silver stain of sputum shows gram-negative rods. What is the diagnosis?
- Membranous glomerulonephritis
- The most common form of nephritic syndrome.
- Sarcoidosis
- Dyspnea, lateral hilar lymphodenopathy on CXR, noncaseating granulomas, increased ACE, and hypercalcemia.
- Yersinia
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Pseudoappendicitis
- Self-limited, painless vaginal bleeding
- Symptoms of placenta previa.
- Acute pancreatitis
- Sentinel loop on AXR.
- The IR of a disease in a population exposed to a particular factor ÷ the IR of those not exposed
- Relative risk?
- Seventy percent if the stenosis is symptomatic
- What % lesion is an indication for carotid endarterectomy?
- Alzheimer's and multi-infarct
- The most common causes of dementia.
- Conversion disorder
- A 17-year-old female has left arm paralysis after her boyfriend dies in a car crash. No medical cause is found.
- Widened mediastinum (> 8 cm), loss of aortic knob, pleural cap, tracheal deviation to the right, depression of left main stem bronchus
- Radiographic evidence of aortic disruption or dissection.
- Dantrolene or bromocriptine
- Treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
- Cerebral berry aneurysms (AD PCKD)
- A 20-year-old man presents with a palpable flank mass and hematuria. Ultrasound shows bilateral enlarged kidneys with cysts. Associated brain anomaly?
- RSV bronchiolitis
- Infection of small airways with epidemics in winter and spring.
- Febrile seizures (roseola infantum)
- An infant has a high fever and onset of rash as fever breaks. What is he at risk for?
- 1 ÷ (rate in untreated group − rate in treated group)
- Number needed to treat?
- Ophthalmologic exam, CT, and MRI
- Tests to rule out shaken baby syndrome.
- Out
- Sensitive tests have few false negatives and are used to rule _____ a disease.
- Inhaled β-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids
- Treatment for mild, persistent asthma.
- HBV immunoglobulin
- Post-HBV exposure treatment.
- Sheehan's syndrome (postpartum pituitary necrosis)
- A patient fails to lactate after an emergency C-section with marked blood loss.
- Treat existing heart failure and replace the tricuspid valve
- IV drug use with JVD and holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border. Treatment?
- Arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, Bell's palsy, myocarditis
- Characteristics of 2° Lyme disease.
- Acute mania, immunosuppression, thin skin, osteoporosis, easy bruising, myopathies
- Side effects of corticosteroids.
- Sturge-Weber syndrome. Treat symptomatically. Possible focal cerebral resection of affected lobe
- A six-year-old girl presents with a port-wine stain in the V2 distribution as well as with mental retardation, seizures, and leptomeningeal angioma.
- Nitroprusside
- Treatment for malignant hypertension.
- IV benzodiazepine
- First-line medication for status epilepticus.
- Cardiogenic shock
- ↓ CO, ↑ PCWP, ↑ PVR.
- Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition)
- A homeless child is small for his age and has peeling skin and a swollen belly.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- ↑ risk of what infection with silicosis?
- Reye's syndrome
- Sudden onset of mental status changes, emesis, and liver dysfunction after taking aspirin.
- Salmonella
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Poultry/eggs
- Number of deaths from 20 weeks' gestation to one month of life per 1000 total births
- Perinatal mortality?
- Calcium oxalate
- The most common type of nephrolithiasis.
- Pregnancy, vesicoureteral reflux, anatomic anomalies, indwelling catheters, kidney stones
- Risk factors for pyelonephritis.
- Parvovirus B19
- Virus associated with aplastic anemia in patients with sickle cell anemia.
- Pseudomonas
- Name the organism: ■ Osteomyelitis from foot wound puncture.
- Biliary tract obstruction
- A 40-year-old obese female with elevated alkaline phosphatase, elevated bilirubin, pruritus, dark urine, and clay-colored stools.
- Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) due to E. coli O157:H7
- A four-year-old child presents with oliguria, petechiae, and jaundice following an illness with bloody diarrhea. Most likely diagnosis and cause?
- Pityriasis versicolor
- Pinkish, scaling, flat lesions on the chest and back. KOH prep has a "spaghetti-and-meatballs" appearance.
- Headache
- The most frequent presentation of intracranial neoplasm.
- Bacterial meningitis
- CSF findings: ■ Low glucose, PMN predominance
- Dressler's syndrome: fever, pericarditis, ↑ ESR
- Autoimmune complication occurring 2-4 weeks post-MI.
- Folate deficiency
- Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia without neurologic symptoms.
- Hypoparathyroidism
- A patient presents with signs of hypocalcemia, high phosphorus, and low PTH.
- PT
- The coagulation parameter affected by warfarin.
- Crohn's disease
- A 25-year-old Jewish male presents with pain and watery diarrhea after meals. Exam shows fistulas between the bowel and skin and nodular lesions on his tibias.
- Pharmacologic stress test (e.g., dobutamine echo)
- Appropriate diagnostic test? ■ A 65-year-old woman with left bundle branch block and severe osteoarthritis has unstable angina.
- Fecal occult blood test and sigmoidoscopy; suspect colorectal cancer
- An elderly male with hypochromic, microcytic anemia is asymptomatic. Diagnostic tests?
- Confounding variable
- If you want to know if race affects infant mortality rate but most of the variation in infant mortality is predicted by socioeconomic status, then socioeconomic status is a _____.
- Intracellular inclusions seen in thalassemia, G6PD deficiency, and postsplenectomy
- Heinz bodies?
- Highly sensitive for TB
- PPD reactivity is used as a screening test because most people with TB (except those who are anergic) will have a +PPD. Highly sensitive or specific?
- Fibrin split products and D-dimer are elevated; platelets, fibrinogen, and hematocrit are ↓.
- Which of the following are ↑ in DIC: fibrin split products, D-dimer, fibrinogen, platelets, and hematocrit.
- Flumazenil
- Treatment for benzodiazepine overdose.
- Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Reed-Sternberg cells
- 7-10 days
- Neutropenic nadir postchemotherapy.
- Wrist drop, loss of thumb abduction
- Signs suggesting radial nerve damage with humeral fracture.
- Prevalence
- Cross-sectional survey—incidence or prevalence?
- Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney, GI tract
- The most common 1° sources of metastases to the brain.
- Rate control with carotid massasge or other vagal stimulation
- Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT).
- Reactive (Reiter's) arthritis. Associated with Campylobacter, Shigella, Salmonella, Chlamydia, and Ureaplasma
- Arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis in young men. Associated organisms?
- N-acetylcysteine
- Treatment for acetaminophen overdose.
- Femoral hernia
- Hernia with highest risk of incarceration—indirect, direct, or femoral?
- False. Patients may change their minds at any time. Exceptions to the requirement of informed consent include emergency situations and patients without decision-making capacity
- True or false: Once patients sign a statement giving consent, they must continue treatment.
- ETEC
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Traveler's diarrhea
- Number of deaths per 1000 population
- Mortality rate?
- CHF, shock, and altered mental status
- Common symptoms associated with silent MIs.
- Diphenhydramine or epinephrine 1:1000
- Treatment of anaphylactic shock.
- V/Q scan
- The diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism.
- Cirrhosis, CHF, nephritic syndrome
- Differential of hypervolemic hyponatremia.
- CF or Hirschsprung's disease
- A neonate has meconium ileus.
- ST-segment elevation (depression means ischemia), flattened T waves, and Q waves
- ECG findings suggesting MI.
- Phototherapy (mild) or exchange transfusion (severe)
- Treatment for mild and severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
- Klüver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
- Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, and hyperdocility.
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- A young patient with a family history of sudden death collapses and dies while exercising.
- Hypotension and bradycardia
- Signs of neurogenic shock.
- Parvovirus B19
- Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease.
- Esophageal atresia with distal TEF (85%). Unable to pass NG tube
- The most common type of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Diagnosis?
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- Life-threatening muscle rigidity, fever, and rhabdomyolysis.
- Osgood-Schlatter disease
- An active 13-year-old boy has anterior knee pain. Diagnosis?
- Alport's syndrome
- Glomerulonephritis with deafness.
- Normal
- Cold water is flushed into a patient's ear, and the fast phase of the nystagmus is toward the opposite side. Normal or pathological?
- Placental abruption and placenta previa
- 1° causes of third-trimester bleeding.
- Check for ↑ ICP; look for papilledema
- What should always be done prior to LP?
- Anticholinergics (oxybutynin) or β-adrenergics (metaproterenol) for urge incontinence.
- A 30-year-old woman has unpredictable urine loss. Examination is normal. Medical options?
- Septic or anaphylactic shock
- ↑ CO, ↓ PCWP, ↓ PVR.
- Colposcopy and endocervical curettage
- Two consecutive findings of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) on Pap smear. Follow-up evaluation?
- Metformin
- An antidiabetic agent associated with lactic acidosis.
- Infection, cancer, and autoimmune disease
- The three most common causes of fever of unknown origin (FUO).
- Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
- Hematuria, flank pain, and palpable flank mass.
- 68%, 95.5%, 99.7%
- The percentage of cases within one SD of the mean? Two SDs? Three SDs?
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Genetic disorder associated with multiple fractures and commonly mistaken for child abuse.
- Paget's disease
- Breast malignancy presenting as itching, burning, and erosion of the nipple.
- Transitional cell carcinoma
- The most common histology of bladder cancer.
- Antipsychotics (neuroleptic malignant syndrome)
- Class of drugs that may cause syndrome of muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, and extrapyramidal symptoms.
- Candidal thrush. Workup should include an HIV test. Treat with nystatin oral suspension
- A 24-year-old male presents with soft white plaques on his tongue and the back of his throat. Diagnosis? Workup? Treatment?
- Identify cause; pressors (e.g., dobutamine)
- Treatment of cardiogenic shock.
- Niacin
- Hypercholesterolemia treatment that → flushing and pruritus.
- HBV, DTaP, Hib, IPV, PCV
- Vaccinations at a six-month well-child visit.
- Haemophilus ducreyi
- Name the organism: ■ Painful chancroid.
- Trauma, alcohol withdrawal, brain tumor
- The most common cause of seizures in young adults (18-35 years).
- Campylobacter
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Most common organism
- Correct metabolic abnormalities. Then correct pyloric stenosis with pyloromyotomy
- A two-month-old presents with nonbilious projectile emesis. What are the appropriate steps in management?
- Erythema multiforme
- Iris-like target lesions.
- Weight loss and OCPs
- Therapy for polycystic ovarian syndrome.
- Polymyalgia rheumatica
- An elderly female presents with pain and stiffness of the shoulders and hips; she cannot lift her arms above her head. Labs show anemia and ↑ ESR.
- Nephrolithiasis
- A 49-year-old male presents with acute-onset flank pain and hematuria.
- Malingering
- After a minor fender bender, a man wears a neck brace and requests permanent disability.
- Naloxone
- Treatment for opioid overdose.
- Hypovolemic shock
- ↓ CO, ↓ pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), ↑ peripheral vascular resistance (PVR).
- Pentad of TTP—"FAT RN": Fever, Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, Renal dysfunction, Neurologic abnormalities
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) pentad?
- Hypoxia and hypocarbia
- Acid-base disorder in pulmonary embolism.
- Kegel exercises, estrogen, pessaries for stress incontinence
- A 50-year-old woman leaks urine when laughing or coughing. Nonsurgical options?
- Parkland formula
- Method of calculating fluid repletion in burn patients.
- Wernicke's encephalopathy due to a deficiency of thiamine
- Confusion, confabulation, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia.
- SSRIs
- First-line pharmacotherapy for depression.
- Rubella
- A "blueberry muffin" rash is characteristic of what congenital infection?
- Klebsiella
- Name the organism: ■ Alcoholic with pneumonia.
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperlipiduria, edema.
- Fat, female, fertile, forty, flatulent
- Risk factors for cholelithiasis.
- Oral or topical metronidazole
- Treatment for bacterial vaginosis.
- RUQ pain, jaundice, and fever/chills in the setting of ascending cholangitis
- Charcot's triad.
- Anion gap acidosis and 1° respiratory alkalosis due to central respiratory stimulation
- Salicylate ingestion → in what type of acid-base disorder?
- Herpes simplex
- A painful, recurrent vesicular eruption of mucocutaneous surfaces.
- Basal cell carcinoma
- The most common type of skin cancer; the lesion is a pearly-colored papule with a translucent surface and telangiectasias.
- Gout. Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals are seen on joint fluid aspirate. Chronic treatment with allopurinol or probenecid
- A 55-year-old man has sudden, excruciating first MTP joint pain after a night of drinking red wine. Diagnosis, workup, and chronic treatment?
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) associated with hypercalcemia.
- Precocious puberty
- Tanner stage 3 in a six-year-old female.
- Hereditary spherocytosis
- The most common inherited hemolytic anemia.
- Psoriasis
- Red plaques with silvery-white scales and sharp margins.
- Number of deaths from 28 days to one year per 1000 live births
- Postnatal mortality?
- They can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia
- Why are β-blockers contraindicated in diabetics?
- Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, but lung cancer causes more deaths
- The most common cancer in men and the most common cause of death from cancer in men.
- Wait, surgical resection, radiation and/or androgen suppression
- A 55-year-old man is diagnosed with prostate cancer. Treatment options?
- Benzodiazepines
- Treatment for DTs.
- Rett's disorder
- A five-month-old girl has ↓ head growth, truncal dyscoordination, and ↓ social interaction.
- Ultrasound
- How to diagnose and follow a leiomyoma.
- ALS
- Combined UMN and LMN disorder.
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Exophytic nodules on the skin with varying degrees of scaling or ulceration; the second most common type of skin cancer.
- 30 cc/hour
- Acceptable urine output in a stable patient.
- Contact dermatitis
- A lesion characteristically occurring in a linear pattern in areas where skin comes into contact with clothing or jewelry.
- B12 deficiency
- Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia with neurologic symptoms.
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
- A 10-year-old boy presents with fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Examination shows anterior mediastinal mass. Suspected diagnosis?
- Acne vulgaris
- Associated with Propionibacterium acnes and changes in androgen levels.
- Retinoic acid
- Treatment for AML M3.
- CML
- A 50-year-old male presents with early satiety, splenomegaly, and bleeding. Cytogenetics show t(9,22). Diagnosis?
- RCC or other erythropoietin-producing tumor; evaluate with CT scan
- Elevated erythropoietin level, elevated hematocrit, and normal O2 saturation suggest?
- CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasound
- Annual screening for women with a strong family history of ovarian cancer.
- Osteoarthritis
- Joint pain and stiffness that worsen over the course of the day and are relieved by rest.
- TICS—Thalassemia, Iron deficiency, anemia of Chronic disease, and Sideroblastic anemia
- Four causes of microcytic anemia.
- Pregnant women. Treat this group aggressively because of potential complications
- Which healthy population is susceptible to UTIs?
- Hypokalemia
- T-wave flattening and U waves.
- Endometriosis
- The most common cause of female infertility.
- Chronic granulomatous disease
- What is the immunodeficiency? ■ A boy has chronic respiratory infections. Nitroblue tetrazolium test is +.
- Fluids and antibiotics
- Treatment of septic shock.
- Type IV (distal) RTA
- RTA associated with aldosterone defect.
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Microcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ ferritin, and ↑ TIBC.
- Fever, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudate, lack of cough
- Four signs and symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis.
- Lesion of 1° Lyme disease
- Erythema migrans.
- Continuous, painful vaginal bleeding
- Symptoms of placental abruption.
- Intraductal papilloma
- The most common cause of bloody nipple discharge.
- Aseptic (viral) meningitis
- CSF findings: ■ Normal glucose, lymphocytic predominance
- Endometrial biopsy
- Diagnostic step required in a postmenopausal woman who presents with vaginal bleeding.
- Real threat of harm to third parties; suicidal intentions; certain contagious diseases; elder and child abuse
- Conditions in which confidentiality must be overridden.
- Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure
- HUS triad?
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Name the organism: ■ Meningitis in elderly.
- Factor V Leiden mutation
- The most common inherited cause of hypercoagulability.
- MS
- CSF findings: ■ ↑ gamma globulins
- Alopecia areata (autoimmune process)
- A 16-year-old presents with an annular patch of alopecia with broken-off, stubby hairs.
- Surfactant deficiency
- Cause of neonatal RDS.
- Bacillus cereus
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Fried rice
- Lichen planus
- Flat-topped papules.
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Name the organism: ■ Meningitis in adults.
- Mild illness and/or low-grade fever, current antibiotic therapy, and prematurity
- Not contraindications to vaccination.
- Partial mole
- Molar pregnancy containing fetal tissue.
- Selective IgA deficiency
- The most common 1° immunodeficiency.
- Likely BPH. Options include no treatment, terazosin, finasteride, or surgical intervention (TURP)
- A 55-year-old man presents with irritative and obstructive urinary symptoms. Treatment options?
- 105 bacteria/mL
- The number of bacterial culture on a clean-catch specimen to diagnose a UTI.
- Phencyclidine hydrochloride (PCP) intoxication
- A violent patient has vertical and horizontal nystagmus.
- Cohort studies can be used to calculate relative risk (RR), incidence, and/or odds ratio (OR). Case-control studies can be used to calculate an OR
- Difference between a cohort and a case-control study.
- Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia
- "Stones, bones, groans, psychiatric overtones."
- Schizophreniform disorder (diagnosis of schizophrenia requires ≥ 6 months of symptoms)
- A 21-year-old male has three months of social withdrawal, worsening grades, flattened affect, and concrete thinking.
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- The most common cause of hypothyroidism.
- Epidural hematoma. Middle meningeal artery. Neurosurgical evacuation
- A history significant for initial altered mental status with an intervening lucid interval. Diagnosis? Most likely etiology? Treatment?
- Fever, heart murmur, Osler's nodes, splinter hemorrhages, Janeway lesions, Roth's spots
- Classic physical findings for endocarditis.
- Levodopa/carbidopa
- The mainstay of Parkinson's therapy.
- Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
- An autosomal-recessive disorder with a defect in the GPIIbIIIa platelet receptor and ↓ platelet aggregation.
- Excessive EtOH
- The most common cause of hypertension in young men.
- Continuous positive airway pressure
- Supportive treatment for ARDS.
- Patients with IBD; those with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)/hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC); and those who have first-degree relatives with adenomatous polyps (< 60 years of age) or colorectal cancer
- In which patients do you initiate colorectal cancer screening early?
- Consider Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
- A patient presents with recent PID with RUQ pain.
- Encapsulated organisms--pneumococcus, meningococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella
- Asplenic patients are particularly susceptible to these organisms.
- Murphy's sign, seen in acute cholecystitis
- Inspiratory arrest during palpation of the RUQ.
- Menometrorrhagia
- Term for heavy bleeding during and between menstrual periods.
- Acute dystonia (oculogyric crisis). Treat with benztropine or diphenhydramine
- A young weight lifter receives IV haloperidol and complains that his eyes are deviated sideways. Diagnosis? Treatment?
- DI
- Low urine specific gravity in the presence of high serum osmolality.
- Trichomonas vaginitis
- A patient has ↑ vaginal discharge and petechial patches in the upper vagina and cervix.
- OCPs, danazol, GnRH agonists
- Medical options for endometriosis.
- Number of live births per 1000 women 15-44 years of age
- Fertility rate?
- ↑ serum FSH
- Lab values suggestive of menopause.
- Weight gain, type 2 DM, QT prolongation
- Key side effects of atypical antipsychotics.
- Snowstorm on ultrasound. "Cluster-of-grapes" appearance on gross examination
- Classic ultrasound and gross appearance of complete hydatidiform mole.
- Actinomyces israelii
- Name the organism: ■ Branching rods in oral infection.
- Asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, large diameter
- Four characteristics of a nevus suggestive of melanoma.
- Choriocarcinoma
- Testicular cancer associated with β-hCG, AFP.
- Pseudomonas
- Name the organism: ■ Infection in burn victims.
- Incidence and prevalence
- Cohort study—incidence or prevalence?
- Clostridium difficile
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Recent antibiotic use
- > 5.5 cm, rapidly enlarging, symptomatic, or ruptured
- Indications for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
- Immediate cardioversion
- Treatment for ventricular fibrillation.
- Lead-time bias
- Bias introduced when screening detects a disease earlier and thus lengthens the time from diagnosis to death.
- Pseudomonas
- The most common organism in burn-related infections.
- Actinic keratosis
- Premalignant lesion from sun exposure that can → squamous cell carcinoma.
- Hypotension, distant heart sounds, and JVD
- Beck's triad for cardiac tamponade.
- Oral surgery—amoxicillin; GI or GU procedures—ampicillin and gentamicin before and amoxicillin after
- Endocarditis prophylaxis regimens.
- ↓ protein intake, lactulose, neomycin
- Medical treatment for hepatic encephalopathy.
- ARDS
- Hypoxemia and pulmonary edema with normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.
- Giardia
- Identify key organisms causing diarrhea: ■ Camping
- The patient is a danger to self, a danger to others, or gravely disabled (unable to provide for basic needs)
- Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization can be undertaken for which three reasons?
- Suspect ankylosing spondylitis. Check HLA-B27
- Hip and back pain along with stiffness that improves with activity over the course of the day and worsens at rest. Diagnostic test?
- Tetracycline, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides
- Antibiotics with teratogenic effects.
- Renal artery stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, pheochromocytoma, Conn's syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, unilateral renal parenchymal disease, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism
- Eight surgically correctable causes of hypertension.
- Slipped capital femoral epiphyses. AP and frog-leg lateral view
- An 11-year-old obese, African-American boy presents with sudden onset of limp. Diagnosis? Workup?
- Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
- Lung cancer associated with SIADH.
- Isolation
- Name the defense mechanism: ■ A woman calmly describes a grisly murder.
- Both have ↑ hematocrit and RBC mass, but polycythemia vera should have normal O2 saturation and low erythropoietin levels
- How to distinguish polycythemia vera from 2° polycythemia.
- High-dose aspirin for inflammation and fever; IVIG to prevent coronary artery aneurysms
- Acute-phase treatment for Kawasaki disease.
- All-compartment fasciotomy for suspected compartment syndrome
- A patient presents with pain on passive movement, pallor, poikilothermia, paresthesias, paralysis, and pulselessness. Treatment?
- Higher incidence
- Epidemics such as influenza—higher prevalence or incidence?
- Cutaneous anthrax. Treat with penicillin G or ciprofloxacin
- Initially presents with a pruritic papule with regional lymphadenopathy and evolves into a black eschar after 7-10 days. Treatment?