Classic Findings
Terms
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- Crigler-Najjar syndrome
- congenital unconjucated hyperbilirubinemia
- Curling's ulcer
- acute gastric ulcer associated w/CNS injury
- Current-jelly sputum
- Klebsiella
- depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
- Parkinson's Dz.(basal ganglia disorder -- rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinsesia)
- Diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + skull lesions
- Hand-Schuller-Christian Dz.
- Dog or cat bite
- Pasteurella multocida
- Donovan Bodies
- Granuloma inguinale
- Dressler's Syndrome
- post-MI fibrinous pericarditis
- Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
-
congenital CONJUGATED hyperbilirubinemoa
(black liver) - Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
-
DELETED dytrophin gene
(X-linked recessive) - Eburnation
- osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
- Edward's syndrome
-
Trisomy 18
rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, heart dz. - Eisenmenger's complex
-
late cyanosis shunt
(uncorrected L --> R shunt becomes
R --> L shunt) - elastic skin
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
-
Erb-Duchenne palsy
(waiter's tip) - superior trunk brachial plexus injur
- erythema chronicum migrans
- Lyme disease
- "Fat, female, forty, and fertile"
- acute cholecystitis
- Fatty liver
- alcoholism
- Gardner's syndrome
- colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors
- Gaucher's Disease
- Glucocerebrosidase deficiency
- Ghon focus
- Primary TB
- Gilbert's syndrome
- BENIGN UNconjugeted hyperbilirubinemia
- Goodpasture's syndrome
- autoantibodies against alveolar & glomerular BM proteins
- HbS
- sickle cell anemia
- elevated hCG
-
1. choriocarcinoma
2. hyadatidiform mole - Herberden's nodes
-
Osteoarthritis
(DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes) - Heinz bodies
- G-6-PD deficiency
- Henoch-Schonlein purpura
- hypersensitivity vasculitis a/w hemorrhagic urticaria & URIs
- HgbF
- Thalassemia major
- HLA-B27
-
1. Reiter's syndrome
2. ankylosing spondylitis - HLA-DR3 or -DR4
- DM type 1 (autoimmune destruction of beta cells)
- Homer Wright rosettes
- Neuroblastoma
-
Honeycomb lung
(x-ray) - Interstistial fibrosis
- Horner's syndrome
- ptosis, miosis, & anhidrosis
- Huntington's Disease
-
caudate degeneration
(AD) - skin hyperpigmentation
- Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's dz.)
- Hypersegmented neurtophils
- Macrocytic anemia
- Hypertention + hypokalemia
- Conn's syndrome
- Hyperchromic microcytosis
-
1. Iron deficiency anemia
2. Lead poisoning - Increased Uric acid levels
-
1. Gout
2. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
3. Myeloproliferative disorders
4. Loop & Thiazide diuretics - Janeway lesions
- Endocarditis
- Job's syndrome
- neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality
- Kartagener's syndrome
- dynein defect
- Kayser-Fleischer rings
- Wilson's disease
- Keratin Pearls
- squamous cell carcinoma
- Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
- Diabetic nephropathy
- Koplik spots
- measles
- Krukenberg tumor
- gastric adenocarcinoma w/ovarian metastases
- Lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibility
-
Marfan's syndrome
(fibrillin deficit) - Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
- HGPRT deficiency
- Lewy bodies
- Parkinson's disease
- Libman-Sacks disease
- endocarditis a/w SLE
- Lines of Zahn
- arterial thrombus
- Lisch nodules
- neurofibromatosis
- Low serum ceruloplasmin
- Wilson's disease
- Lucid interval
- EPIDURAL hematoma
-
"Lumpy Bumpy" glomeruli
(IF) - poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
- McArdle's disease
- muscle phosphorylase deficiency
- Myxedema
- HYPOthyroidism
- Pulmonary necrotizing vasculitis & necrotizing glomerulonephritis
- Wegener's & Goodpasture's (hemoptysis and glomerylar disease)
- Needle-shaped, negatively bifringent crystals
- gout
- Negri bodies
- Rabies
- Nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss
- Alport's syndrome
- Neurofibrillary tangles
- Alzheimer's disease
- Niemann-Pick disease
- sphingomyelinase deficiency
- No postpartum lactation
- Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)
- Nutmeg liver
- Congestive heart failure
- occupational Asbestos exposure
- malignant mesothelioma
- "Orphan Annie" nuclei
- papillary carcinoma of thyroid
- Osler's nodes
- endocarditis
- Owl's eye
- CMV
- painless jaundice
- cancer of head of pancreas
- Pancoast's tumor
- brochogenic apical tumor a/w Horner's syndrome
- Pannus
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Parkinson's disease
- Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion
-
Periosteal elevation
(x-ray) - Pyogenic osteomyelitis
- Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
- Benign polyposis
- Philadelphia Chromosome
-
bcr:abl
CML (sometimes a/w AML) - Pick's disease
- progressive dementia
- "Pink puffer"
-
Emphysema
(centroacinar = smoking; panacinar = alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency) - Plummer-Vinson syndrome
- Esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia
- Podagra
- Gout (MP joint of hallux)
- Podocyte fusion
- Minimal change disease
- Ployneuropathy, cardiopathology, and edema
- Dry beriberi (thiamine, vit. B1 deficiency)
- Polyneuropathy preceeded by GI or respiratory infection
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Pompe's disease
- Lysosomal glucosidase deficiency a/w cardiomegaly
- Port wine stain
- Hemangioma
- Positive ANTERIOR drawer sign
- ACL injury
- Tumor cell Pseudopalisades
- Glioblastoma multiforme
- Pseudorosettes
- Ewing's sarcoma
- Rash on palms & soles
-
1. Secondary syphilis
2. RMSF - RBC Casts
- Acute glomerulonephritis
- Recurrent pulmonary Pseudomonas and Staph arueus infections
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Reinke crystals
- Leydig cell tumor
- Reiter's syndrome
- Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis
- Rhomboid crystals, positively bifringent
- Pseudogout
- Roth's spots in retina
- Endocarditis
- Rib notching
- Coarctation of aorta
- Rotor's syndrome
- Congenital CONJUGATED hyperbilirubinemia
- S3
-
1. Left to Right shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD)
2. Mitral Regurgitation
3. LV Failure (CHF) - S4
-
1. Aortic stenosis
2. Hypertrophic subaortic stenosis - Sheehan's syndrome
- postpartum pituitary necrosis
- Signet-ring cells
- Gastric carcinoma
- Sjogren's syndrome
- dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
- Skip lesions
- Crohn's dz.
- Slapped Cheeks
- Erythema infectiosum (5th dz.)
- Smith antigen
- SLE
-
Soap Bubble
(x-ray) - Giant cell tumor of bone
-
Spike & Dome
(EM) - Membranous glomerulonephritis
- Spitz Nevus
- Benign juvenile melanoma
- "Strawberry tongue"
- Scarlet fever
-
String sign
(x-ray) - Crohn's dz.
-
Subepithelial Humps
(EM) - Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
- Swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia
-
Scurvy (ascorbic acid, vit. C deficiency)
-- vit. C necessary for hydroxylation of proline & lysine residues in collagen synthesis -
Systolic ejection murmur
(crescendo-decrescendo) - Aortic valve stenosis
- t(8;14)
- Burkitt's lymphoma (c-myc activation)
- t(9;22)
-
Philadelphia chromasome
CML (brc-abl hybrid) - t(14;18)
- Follicular lymphomas (blc-2 activation)
- Thyroidization of kidney
- Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
- Tophi
- Gout
-
"Tram-track"
(LM) - Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
- Virchow's Triad
- Blood stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulation
- Wallenberg's syndrome
- PICA thrombosis
- Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
- Adrenal hemorrhage a/w meningococcemia
- Waxy casts
- Chronic end-stage renal dz.
- WBC casts
- acute pyelonephritis
- WBCs in Urine
- Acute cystitis
- Whipple's disease
- Malabsorption syndrome caused by Tropheryma whippelii
- Wilson's disease
- Hepatolenticular degeneration
-
"Wire Loop"
(LM) - Lupus nephropathy
- "Worst headache"
- Berry aneurysm -- a/w Adult polycystic kidney dz.
- Xanthochromia (CSF)
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- Xerostomia + arthritis + keratoconjunctivitis sicca
- Sjogren's syndrome
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Gastrin-secreting tumor a/w ulcers