Sys II

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Marks of the Spirit: W: Marks of the Spirit: lowliness, meekness, love, joy, long-suffering, sweetness, peace, etc.
Understanding: Knowing right from wrong, the first of our state of original perfection, also reason
Natural Person: Wesley: Blissful ignorance of own sinful state, capable of great good and great evil, 1st step from sinner to saved, know neither ourselves nor God, NOT a redeemed life, NO fear or love
Equivocal language: Think Mysticism. Our words are so limiting, we cannot say anything about God. Our words fall short of God's Reality.
Mozart: BARTH ALMOST HEARD GOD IN MOZART...."CREATION PRAISES HIS MASTER."
mestizaje: Pedraja: originally used in negative light, Hispanic Theologians reformed it into a positive word: joins different backgrounds and upholding the beauty before it gets mixed to much..appreciating ...not creating something and not eliminating anything. Fully present.
Polytheism: many gods
Analogical language: We understand that our words have limits, but none -the-less, we are confined to using them. We recognize that God uses our words to reveal Godself. God is good, means God shows Goodness threw Good Creation, Creating in Love. We use the limiting language to speak about God.
Time: MLK: Time: moderates see time as force for good
Jesus' Humanity: S: Jesus is not stunted in growth of God consciousness but we all are; Jesus had perfect God-consciousness
Dependence on God: S accepts science, but not in terms of faith. Science is talking about the same reality but from a different perspective. (it is a given.) Abbey Patterson put it particularly nicely when she said, "Science is the what, and God is the why." We do not have to choose science, or God. We need to affirm the existence of all things from God. S is very reformed in this way. Barth is Christocentric, and S, is relation-centric. Think relationship and cause and effect. God's creation can be explored by science. There is an absolute dependence on God and an interdependence of nature.S. accepts science, but not in terms of faith. Science is talking about the same reality but from a different reality. We don't have to choose, we have both. In and all things form God-Dependence on God. (Very Reformed strong sense of providence.)
Orthopraxy/Orthodoxy: W & S. (Relating to S. and Theology Direct and Indirect.) Orthopraxy for Wesley would be piety. Faith is more than affirming Jesus Christ, but it is also how you live. Your daily actions...Wesley got 4 hours of sleep per night, fasted a lot, daily prayer schedule. (So much that people called it methods-a slam turned into their name.) ALSO, he did not through out ORTHODOXY...he participated in the Church of England!
syncretism: Pedraja, Syncretism is the combining of conflicting beliefs, combining teachings and doctrines from different, divergent religions. Often applied to historical situations that combine...think Mestizo/a. incorporating culture and religion is also an expample.
Middle Passage: BH: Middle Passage: journey across the Atlantic, from Africa to the US
Two Kingdoms: Lutheran idea of two kingdoms: Civil & Temporal: Laws; Spiritual/Ecclesiastical (?) Gospel & Love. God also ordains the secular. For Anabapitists there was a complete withdrawl form the secular/civil. Luther said, NO we belong to both kingdoms, but we have an ontologial priority, we are christians first. We belong to both, and we should keep them distinct. Luther gave permision to civil disobedienence. but the church should rule all people. Civil law stands in respect to church. S. agreed on the two kingdoms. For Luther, the Temporal Realm is necessary BECAUSE WE LIVE IN A FALLEN WORLD.
Natural Theology: Barth has a stronger reaction to Natural Theology (if you begin with the self and experience...that is where you'll end up.) Also...Natural Theology depends on Culture. Contrast S. but they both participate in this discussion. S: Natural Theology begins with EXPERIENCE (developed by Plato, and S. bases his views on this.) Barth refutes Natural Theology. Barth: Christocentric!
Isaac Newton: His articulation of science and laws inadvertently sets the stage for people to think they need to choose between science and providence. Theologians at this time, see Newton's laws: for reason.
Liberation Theology: Influenced by Guiterrez, the founding father, the preferential option of the poor. Reading the gospel through the hermanuetics or lens of an oppressed group. Jesus came to free people, not to opress them. What would a lt think about the Barmen Declaration? They would like it. A lt would not like the German Christian declaration Dave read. Salvation is the abundant life here and now, not the end of time.
Enlightenment: Human inquiry freed from the tyranny of the church. Reason was on the pedestal. 1600ish. The people stuck to the faith during the enlightenment fell into two camps: Diests and Kant
Thomas Aquinas: see via negativa
Galilee: Seen as a place of the borderlands. This is where Jesus lived which meant that Jesus lived in a place where cultures met. This helps Latino/as identify with Jesus even more. Thus the geographic and physical location of the Incarnation makes sense. Jesus' mestizaje is not simply spiritual but actually adding another layer Latino/as identify with Jesus. This is also seen in Jesus flight with his family into Egypt - this resonates with Latinos/as because many of them have had to flee their lands because of economic and political repression.
Practices: BH: Spiritual/Contemplative practices: includes shout, dance, family stories, practices of
Natural Religion: Wesley: Enlightenment view that if you stripped away all the superstitions, there will be a core of religion that all humanity could share; Wesley criticized this idea because we are simply evil - don't love unless we have grace, used example of infants and language
God's Love: Pedraja talks about a God who is moved by our suffering. You cannot love and be detached and unaffected.
Subjectivism: This term relates to our dear Wesley, he believes BOTH have to be working, feeling & external H.S. (He was an avid church-goer!) Subjectivism refers to the inner expereince of the HS without external testimony.
Thanks/Confession/Petition: Book of Acts, ACTS, Adoration, Confession, Thanksgivin, Supplication: the humble appeal to God. (major example-J.C. in the garden of Gethsemane. Matt 26:39 let this pass fromme yet not what I want but what you want...S.prayer modifies our wish.... prayer lifts us out of helplessness prim out the growth of the religious life & replaces panic with..
Accompaniment: Pedraja p. 153 The idea that the significance of the Jesus life and death is in the fact that God accompanies humanity. God walked in solidarity with us through the life and death of Jesus Christ - his experience resonates with our own. God understands us because God has been one of us. Specific to liberation theology is the idea "that Jesus is uniquely present in the place and in the lives of those who suffer and die" (153)
Catholicity: Barth: Catholicity is direct response to S. We are Christians FIRST, then class, group, culture, whatever.
Psychological Interpretation: S the text as a fact of the thinking of a speaker, the text is the window to the soul. We get connected to the author when we read. S claims: Our success in the art of interpretation is knowing our language, linguistic, and it depends on our ability to know people. How well do we know others? How often do we seek out others for conversation? We need to be thrown into context where I talk about scripture with others. (Argument for church, of course.) But we need to move back and forth between these two.
Self-Awareness: S: celebrates the self, BUT opens up to the wider world. More awareness of God opens leads to more awareness of our depraivity. Dave asks, can lack of God consciousness explain the Holocost.
nonviolent direct action: MLK: Nonviolent direct action: marches, sit-ins, etc.
Transcendence/Immanence: *
Interdependence: Keller p. 144 -145 In her reflection of the parable of the sheep and the goats, Keller highlights that the traditional reading of the scripture is that Jesus is connected, found within, the least of these as depicted as the poor, thirsty, imprisoned, etc. She argues that the point of the parable is not his connection with them, but are own. Our own salvation is directly dependent on the salvation of those around us, for how can one part of the body be healthy and whole while the rest of it still remains ill (145)? We are to be like sheep, who flock together to co-exist in the wilderness. We too are to "'flock' - to congregate, to gather to con/spire in the original sense: to collaborate in the spirit of just love." (145)
Universalism: The theological position that all people are saved by God. Gk: Apocatastasis, suggesting universal salvation. See Clement, Origen, the wrath of God is not an expression of divine love.
naming: Power in a name. Adam was given the power to name animals, God's name is not a name...I am who I am....Pedraja pulls in Mestizaje, hybrid names. Cuban-American, how Hispanic is a word created by the united states, that doesn't talk specifically about one group of people under it.
moved mover: Keller: Moved mover: Aristotle: God is unmoved mover—remains unchanged
Moral & Asthetic Sensibilities: Christianity's great claims: Monotheism, Moral Sensibility, Redemption accomplished. (Moral dominated ethics, as opposed to what is beautiful.)
Transcendence: another way Barth talks about God's Otherness.
Conversation: Many voices of Theology: not just one answer we say yes or no as a response. We are, in our time, part of an ongoing, generational conversation (saints before us, saints here now, saints to come). Our voice is needed. Think about Pedraja and many voices, and think about Barth responding to S. Three ways of understanding Theology: 1. Faith Seeking Understanding. 2. Questioning 3. Conversation
Barmen Declaration: Barth: 1934: Karl Barth a return to the theology of revelation, not human experience, now a part of PCUSA Book of Confession; He wrote it at a time that the "German Christians" were writing. Their writings focused on nation, self, identity preservation, a theology created to fit a human desire. Barmen Declaration focused on Christ, God, scripture and relationship. Uses "reich" tounge in cheek, talking of the reign of God, not Hitler's reign.
Trinity as Economy: Pedraja: Economy: We give only fat, not the meat. God gives abundantly. Trinity as Economy of Abundance...we give...because we trust/faith that there will be more. We like to give out the trinity of scarcity.
Pelagian?: *Pelagius was a monk who believed that we could do good apart from God's grace; Wesley has been accused of being semi-Pelegian for the belief that we could, of our own accord, recognize our sinful state, without the revelation of God; in contrast to Augustine
Inner Testimony: W: Inner testimony: closely related to subjectivism and enthusiasts
Interdependence of Nature: S. Relationship cause & effect. All things God and can be explored by science.
Partner: See Judge
Providence: In the enlightenment, providence is rejected. The laws of gravity, of motion, articulated by Isaac Newton are widely held at this time.
the Reedemer: S: Jesus is the redeemer not because of miracles, but through continual invites us into fellowship, and participation in sacraments.
com/passion: Keller: Com/passion: not just feeling of sympathy or concern, but passion with
Pentacost: Barth: Pentecost: HS given to church
Fatherland: see nationalism, they go together.
Preferential Option for the Poor: Hermanuetics of suspicion. A shakey context is used...Solidarity with those who suffer. Think of two children, one who is suffering, as a parent you love your children both, but you may have tending care for the one who is suffering, and what
High & Low Ecclesiology: Barth talks about High and Low ecclesiastical ways, low ecclesiology emphasizes the response of people to the offer that has been given example: Amish, Anabaptist-liturgy is not the work of God, but the gathering of God's people celebrating. High E. is that sacraments are an offer of God's salvation. Think Roman Catholics:Church is where Christ offers salvation. BARTH is going to combine these two ideas. Barth stresses church is a work that takes place among human beings, NOT a window to where we meet God. Church is NOT a set aside as a special place where sin is absent. Ecclesia reformata, semper reformanda! Remember for Barth, the Church is where ever two or three or more are gathered, and no matter how much we reform, we still mess up, we still sin in church.
Real Man: Jesus Christ is the only one who lived fully into his humanity. Because Jesus was the real man, his humanity (all his humanity points towards God) becomes our salvation. He adopts us. Barth & Christocentric. Talk about this!
Lo Contindiano: Daily practice. Lord's supper mean, when you do n ot have food. Baptism when you don't have water, Sabbath when there is no work. (Shouldn't Sabbath also be a promise of work, and rest?) Everyday things are revelatory of God's love. Rituals in the church interpreted differently if your daily experience is different? The daily lived experience of women and men in their struggle, praxis and care for the preservation and nurture of life. (You could put this in conversation with Wesley's quadrilaterals if you like.)
Pietism: S: Focus on personal "upright" living. Small group for study and accountability to your beliefs and practices. Bible is devotional text to guide life. Core of Christianity is simple, yet not simplistic...Theologians make it messy and complicated. Priesthood of all believers-true to Reformation Teaching. 1. Focus on upright living 2. Small Groups 3. personal reading of the Bible 4. core christianity is simple 5. Priesthood of all believers.
Deism: Deism fully rejects providence. S dislikes this group along with pantheism and Acosmism AND with the "God of the gaps." The deists see God like a watchmaker. Removed from us today, having created us and the order of the world, wound it up and set it in motion. Now God sits back and observes God's creation. There is no providence. God doesn't have his hands in what we are up to today. Deism removes our individual self from the center. I am part of a greater whole of creation. The volcano isn't just destruction, but part of the greater cycle. S THOUGHT THIS WAS A TOTAL SELL OUT TO SCIENCE.
Power made perfect in weakness: incarnational vulnerablitiy participates.....pg. 86 bottom. She also cites 2Cornithians in response to his thorn. Reminding us that my grace is sufficient for you.... for power is made perfect in weakness.
Dogmatics: B: There is dogmatics with a little "d" speaks to christians about how/what it means to be a Christian. Contrasting S. who does apologetics which means you are speaking to a non-christians. Dogmatics with a capital D is the name of his book. dogmatics speaking to the internal group, Apologetics usually builds a case for faith, case for Christ for an audience of non-believers.
Theodicy: WESLEY: God permits suffering & evil for the greater good. The adam and eve, the fall, and then there is greater gained (yik) Wesley says that there is positive in the suffering because our suffering allows us good by grace.
Agape: Barth separates Agape and Eros. Keller says they are both under the love umbrella.
Parousia: Barth: Parousia: Greek for second coming
interrelatedness: MLK: Interrelatedness: "injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere"
agape: Keller: Agape: not higher form of love than eros
Immanent Trinity: Kingdom/God In Se/perichoresis is relational=the inner love/life of God. immanent trinity, describes God
Aseity: The self-suffiency of God. God creates us out of love, from Grace. Grace since day one.
Popular Religion: Religion evolved from the populous...not what is trendy, but what emerges from the culture. (Think about faith of the people meshing and emerging...theology from the ground up. base communities.)
Theology-direct or indirect: S: (page 128= Music Analogy) Direct theology is by our feelings, indirect theology is what someone gives to you (like a preacher giving you a sermon.) S. thinks you need to experience this for yourself.
Relationship/Relationalism: Ongoing process, doesn't stop. (This is the third result...see definition above for Process Theology.)
Sin: lack of God conciousness. Living turned away from God. We are born into a world that encourages us to live turned away from God.
Person under grace: Wesley: Final step, adopted by God, loving God, knowing ourselves fully, LOVE
Natural/Supernatural: *S. (mention miracles-aware of turning God into a magician.) God is NOT a magician. Look at the whole of creation. S. abolishes talk of natural/supernatural this is God of the Gaps. For S, everything is natural-but can also be described as supernatural because all comes from God. S. Be awaked to your utter dependence on God!
dance: BH: Dance: whole body brought into life of God (spiritual practice)
Imago Dei Mediating Divine Love: P. The love or acts of love that we do.
Judge: "His mission: it is the Judge who ought to be judged, who in this passion takes the place of those who ought to be judged, who in this passion allows himself to be judged in their place." (Barth, 119) Barth cautions that those who want to see in themselves the judge are in conflict with God. Barth describes Christ as "our Fellow-man" on whom God passes judgment thereby permitting reconciliation between us and God. This is only accomplished because Christ has the competence and power to permit it. This is best described on page 127. I can find no reference to Partner.
Continual Creation: Pedraja: tied closely to God as a verb. Thing about science and God's creation together.
Monotheism: One God. All of these things point to our dependence on the other/creator. But Monotheism, Christianity, points to our UTTER DEPENDENCE. For S, non-christian religions are not wrong or false, but they are less superior. If you are truly religious, you can grasp the religious in other religions. But I can do this with maintaining my Christianity. (Real definition of being religious is to say this isn't mine to hold on to, but how I participate in the Greater.)
Imago Dei Suffering: P. God suffers with us. God stand in solidarity with others.
Eschatology: S. Eschatology: doctrine he addresses the least
"shut-ins": BH: "Shut-ins": long O/N prayer services
Original Perfection: Wesley: Adam and Eve were made perfect. Before the fall they were perfect.
Objectification: The I-It relationship from Buber; treat others as means to an end, like in our consumer culture
Aldersgate Experience: Wesley: May 24th 1738, was walking bible meeting, and was reading a Luther's Commentary, and was in the Altersgate neighborhood in London, and his heart was strangely warm. Wesley felt his own personal salvation at this moment, his personal faith. This was not the beginning, he was already involved in the Church of England. This emphasizes his personal piety. "grace enough, even for me."
Effective Pressence: Barth: Effective presence: Recapitulation of what God has done through Christ, done in way :Effective presence: Recapitulation of what God has done through Christ, done in way
On Religion: S. wrote "On Religion: Speeches to it cultured despisers" his major piece of apologetics, in response to enlightenment, to diests (ones who believed God was the watchmaker/stands back/no relationship: T. Jefferson, Voltaire)
Person under law: Wesley: Become convicted by sin, God's judgment, cannot break ourselves out, FEAR
identity: Pedraja's resource (also culture, identiy, popular religion.) Page 78-79 in Pedraja, Hybrid and the "hope of using mestizaje, would be an example: seeing barriers as not obstacles, but seeing the relationship, not hierarchical.
Word of God: Barth & Threefold Form of the Word. Do not mix up Scripture and Word of God. The human hand writes scripture, The Church's Book. Word of God is the experience of the Divine Logos through scripture. Heb: Dabar. God's self-revelation as the incarnate Word. Jesus Christ. John 1:1-14. The written Word, scripture. The living Word, preaching.The term was virtually synonymous with early Christian proclamation. Investigate the Bible historo-critically. God allows us to use our words, but this is never the end. The bible allows us to change, and it changes us.
Culture: *
Human Responsibility: Keller: Divine Causation. sin and evil, are not the divine will, we are responsible, but we are not to blame. We are responsible for our actions....think slavery. We are not to blame for everything. We are not to blame for slavery (then) but we are responsible for injustice, so we need to bring about justice, and for the now, set that straight.
Already/Not Yet: Barth: Already/Not yet: End times has already arrived among us through Christ; however, since
Immanuel Kant: Golden Rule: never treat people as a means to an end, Kant voted for Religion as Moral Teaching.
Son of God-Sons & Daughters of God: Keller p. 151 See John 1:13 - In reflecting on this verse Keller highlights that the term "Son of God" was not meant to separate or divide Jesus from the rest of humanity, but instead to draw us into a closer relationship to God, to bring us into a similar relationship with God as God's sons and daughters. Jesus became flesh, the son of God in order to open up for humanity "a new intimacy with the infinite" (151).
"passive conservatism": "Rather curiously, Jesus accepts and allows many things which we imagine He ought to have attacked and set aside both in principle and practice and which the community in which the Gospels arose had to a very large extent outgrown" i.e. the temple, family, the Law (Barth, pg 99) "...it never amounted to more than a provisional and qualified respect (we might almost say toleration) in face of existing and accepted orders." (Barth, pg 101)
Martin Buber: Wrote I and Thou, a Jewish Theologian. Martin Buber was too relational for Barth. Martin said that the relationship between people reveals God. Barth would say, you can see it, but the relationship doesn't reveal God. God reveals Godself=CHRIST.
Philosophical: S: Three Stages Essential for Theological Education Element #1 What are my questions about why I am hear, who is God etc....S: Three Stages Essential Element #2 History: answers from church, History, Creeds, Sys Theology. Look to see how the church has lived and responded to the big questions. 1. Church History. 2. Biblical Studies. 3. Sys Theology.
"broken thought": What is Broken Thought in relation to Scripture? Barth thinks that theology is broken thought. It interrupts the purity of divine revelation, because it comes through the finite human mind. How can we possibly...
Relationship: If it feels good do it; the essence of relationships is not actions but FEELING
Moravian: S & W: Schleiermacher (S.) went to a Moravian boarding school. Moravians liked small groups, and S. did this in his life as well. Followed pietism & the model was Christ as the Suffering Servant. Wesley (W.) on a ship experiences the calm prayerful Moravians. Bohemian Bretheran, developed into current Moravian church. Held up morals of the aesthetic. S. got this sense of Morals from the boarding school.
I-Thou/It: We become ourselves through others. Relational. (Think Versus I and It, It is an object, where objectification comes from.) Are you going to look at people as people or objects.
Final Return of Christ: *
Fiesta: Pedraja: La Lucha, God is the God of Life, and Fiesta: God of struggle is also fiesta. Creation itself is a gift. God fives life none-the-less. What is the point of celebration-the only point is celebration ITSELF. Rest and Celebration in the midst of it all, is the point.
Theos/Logos: God/Words; Christ is the word become flesh. Theology matters, words about God. Words can heal and words can hurt.
Anslem of Canterbury: 11 C, Faith Seeking Understanding, Fiedes Quarens Intellectum, Restlessness in the life of Faith. contrasting the enlightenment thinkers who were into reasoning without faith. never ending cycle. Faith > reflect on Faith> Understanding > Faith. S. wrote in response to the enlightenment as well. Keep that in mind.
Judge judged in our place: "...that the coming into the world of the Son of God includes within itself the appearance and work of the Judge of the world and of every man. If he were not the Judge, He would not be the Savior. He is the Savior of the world in so far as in a very definite (and most astonishing) way He is also its Judge." (Barth, 123)
End-Purpose or Termination?: Keller: End—purpose or termination?: Emphasizes that the end is not in terms of termination,
Religion & Revelation: B & S. B: Barth uses three-fold form of the Word to talk about revelation. Scripture, Scripture, Scripture. S: the same Word can be shared, but it won't be experienced, perceived, witnessed in the same way. Barth says no to religion yes to Revelation....Barth Religion: Page 53.
Obedience: Our response to God. We say yes to Grace.
Ominpotence or Omnipresence?: * God is not all powerful, but omipresent, and : God participates in every event but does not control every event.
One Who Loves Freedom: In the beginning is the relationship.
Subjective/Objective: subjective is a change in us, and objective is a change in the universe. Subjective atonement is a change in us. Subjective tends to mystism, and focuses on the experience, the piety
Sensus Fidelium: Holy Spirit is active and shaping faith today. The faithful intuition of the people guided by the Holy Spirit. (Faith is normed by scripture.)
Theodicy: God is Good. God isn't the author of Evil. Evil is Evil. We sin and create Evil. Nothing doesn't get the final word. Page 136.
Imputed & Imparted Righteousness: Wesley p. 384-391 Deals with the question of how righteousness is transferred from God/JC to humanity. Wesely sees this as a two-step process, the first being imputed righteousness. Imputed Righteousness - the idea that we are counted as righteous because of the one who is righteous Christ. We are justified by grace, not by any of our own actions. Even our faith is a gift from God. Inline with Calvin here, but Wesley takes it further through his imparted or implanted righteousness - the idea that once we are counted as righteous through grace (imputed) that this implanted righteousness can grow and flourish within us. We can move from being counted as righteous to actually being righteous. Most see this as a divide from Calvin, but Jensen sees some parallels between it and Calvin's third use of the law - Guide for Righteous Living for the Saints.
Vulnerability: Barth: Combine the term with Solidarity. Christ represents God to us and us to God.
Freedom: Being made in the image of the free God, we were initially free as well to express ourselves
Faith & Works: Wesley's response to the Church of England who said you were saved by baptism. Wesley was so into personal piety, and he also said that works are a response to your faith. Your faith is more...some accusers at the time would have noted he was saying you could "buy" your way into heaven. Implanted means you are going to bear good fruit. Don't be a spiritual consumer (for Wesley, this would be really bad.)
Feeling of Absolute Dependence: S: I am free because I am dependent on God
Miracles: this goes with 'God of the gaps' (see below) and we know God performs Miracles, but do we want to only focus on God as a magician? Is this a way to prove there is a God. S wants us to remember that God works in the whole of creation. God is always more than the miracles. Than creation. S THOUGHT THAT THE GOD OF THE GAPS WAS A RESULT OF AN IMPOVERISHED RELIGIOUS CONCIOUSNESS.
Love/Power: Keller pg. 94-98 Is love to be measured by power, or power to be measured by love? God is love, and from where stand as Christians, God's power should be a positive power.
Rationalists: Rationalist are suspicious of experience and stress the external workings of the spirit, the otherness of grace given by the spirit=outward, external. By the testimony of church and the witness of scripture. The enthusiasts vs. the rationalists were competing camps within the church of england!
Unity: Nicaean Creed. 1. ONE HOLY 2.CATHOLIC APOSTOLIC CHURCH Barth emphasizes 1&2, there is no justification .....in separation....division is rooted in sin, therefore the division of our church communities should not be CELEBRATED.
Responsible Love: Keller responsive love is the agape attracted by the Eros. Agape responds to the invitation by eros.
Dark night of the soul: Keller: the absence of God; Our growth into God also occurs through loss and lament; growth in Christian life through despair and feeling of God's absence; this absence of presence increases the eros (longing for God)
Apologetics: S. said to Deists, it is not about reason, and no kant, it is not about right actions, it is ABOUT FEELINGS, ABSOULUTE DEPENDENCE ON GOD. you cannot have religion outside of community. Piety falls here too, but piety is also about personal.
Fetishism: Relating to S, the worship of things. Nature religion: Sun or spirits in trees. yeilds to polytheism.
Kingdom of God: In class, Barth's understanding of the Kingdom of God as an invading otherness. "He was equally suspected and disliked by the representatives of all such programs (political, economic, moral, or religious - whether conservative or progressive), although He did not particularly attack any of them." (Barth, 96) Barth focuses on how Jesus' mere radical presence in the earthly kingdom is what battles the old order. (Barth, 106)
Nationalism: S. appeals to German patriotism and calls responsibility to their nation. At this time, S bounds and limits to different races, may be responding to the autrocities of colonialism, but he calls his nation to arms. (NOT OK) For S. a multi-cultural nation is impossible. He feels foreign influences degrade a nation, remember foreign influences are occupying his home. Good fences make good neighbors. S says, "Natural arrangements and peoples under God." Family>village/community>region>Nation. So odd that Nation is the largest for S.
Divine Vulnerability: P. God took a risk in creating us, but who wants a robot? we have real relationship. God took a risk in creating us, we could reject God in saying no, saying no creates evil.
Creeds & Life of Jesus: Keller p. 135 - 136 Keller highlights the fact that all of our traditional creeds (Apostles, Nicene, etc.) all skip the life and ministry of Jesus, moving straight from the incarnational event of the birth of Jesus to his death and following resurrection. She highlights the importance of the life of Jesus and especially what is clearly his ultimate concern as its recorded in scripture - the basileia.
Arminian Magazine: Wesley. He publishes this magazine. Wesley was an Arminian, this was under our topic of Sin, and Wesley was accused of being a pelagian, (we can do works for salvation see notes above on piety.) Dave said that Wesley may have been semi-pelagian.
Jensen's "God of the gaps": Think insurance. "acts of God" this view categorizes all events as either/or not and/both. Either an event is science or act of God. Since we now understand the science behind global warming, photosynthesis, rainbows, we need to put those in the Science camp, and I guess God gets cancer and random miracles. S didn't like this one the MOST.
Easter: Barth: Easter: Christ's resurrection
Activism/Quietism: BH: Activism: black church defined by prophetic stance, denouncing oppression is what the
Basileia: Keller p. 135 The greek transliterated word which is often translated into English as Kingdom in the phrase Kingdom of God. Keller prefers to either stick to the greek transliteration or to translate it as commonwealth, as the term Kingdom brings up images of a political realm instead of something broader. The term commonwealth emphasizes that in this realm the wealth of God's grace will be experienced by all. This is central to the life and ministry of JC as he proclaims it (through parables), anticipates it and embodies it.
Shout: BH: Shout: spontaneous outbursts of praise
Ecology: Keller: Ecology: ? We labor in the community and take part in and long for the kingdom
Feelings, Affections: S. tries to re-center on Christian Living and practices and devotions. Christian religion is not synonymous with Creeds. It is not what you say yes or no to, it is a feeling or affection. Not emotinal, but a feeling of total dependency on God's Creative Love and Relationship with God, and with each other.Orthopraxy (what we do in church) fed by Orthodoxy. Going through the motions is not enough.
Spirituality of Everyday: BH: Spirituality of everyday: (reminiscent of lo cotidiano and Pedraja)
Via Negativa: Equivocal language category. The mystics developed us...Aquinas. We can only say what God is not. Using the negative to describe. example, God is not a superhuman, God is not evil...etc.
Revelation/Quadrilateral: Wesley: these need to be in balance: Scripture validates experience, experience is the check and balance for tradition. You need reason for all three. Reason is unique to Methodism and Wesley.
Sola Fide: the condition of our salvation. Used in his first sermon after the Aldersgate experience.
Deists: seekers of explanations, Reason is final authority, Right thinking, Jesus is teacher of reason. God is distant...
"Ontological Impossibility": Sin. Sin isn't a possibility. To deny God is to deny ourselves. It is impossible to do that, however we do. Barth. We are created to be in relationship with God. As Barth got older he turns more toward s. here is an example.
Communion of Saints: This is a continuation of High E. The community is the earthly historical form of JC Himself. For Barth, we misunderstand the church if we ONLY treat it as a HUMAN response to God...because CHRIST is really and mystically present in the Church. Church is made known by the obedience in the Gospel. The Church WHERE the word is proclaimed and the sacrament is present. The Communion of Saints, "the dead no less the living, have a part in the communion of saints." Those who have gone before us Stand Up In An Indisovlable relationship. Saints dead, Saints Living, Saints to Come. We are drawn into saintly relationship. Dave Jensen: Part of our task is to listen to the voices of the long silenced...this is a big part of what it means to BE church, BE body of Christ.
Tension: MLK: Tension: aim of nonviolent direct action
God-Consciousness: S: If you use a word for Dave, DEFINE IT, our awareness and total dependence on God.
Imago Dei Potential: To mediate God through others and neighbors.
Chalcedon: B & S: fully human fully divine: accept the ideas, but to make the language speak to our time. S: Jesus is the suffering servant given to the world, HUMANITY, perfect human. Barth: Christology. 451
Hermeneutics: S. Hermenuetical Circle, separate distinct books that are part of the whole, different voices who are in conversation with each other. We can only understand the parts with the whole, and the whole with the parts. Because we are constantly connecting parts to whole and whole to parts, we will never know precisely what it means, we need to consider interpretation as journyeing toward a truth. (He argues the Catholic way, if we make it an absolute, it is a dead letter evacuated of the spirit.) Celebrate the life of the text, the ongoing conversations. Two things are essential for interpretation: Grammatical and Psychological.
mestizo-mulato Christ: The incarnation is the ultimate act of mestizaje and mulatex joining together humanity and divinity in one act. This is a hybrid term meaning to mixing the cultures and races, both biologically and culturally. In mixing the terms and ideas Vasconcelos hopes to end violence, racial oppression and nationalism AND lift the mestiza/o whom society saw as inferior because of mixed heritage. In metizo/a two realities come together to create a new humanity. This is diversity coming together in life of God.
Outward Sign of an inward Grace: WESLEY: Outward sign of an inward grace: Wesley's middle of the road
Enthusiasts: Enthusiasts experience knowledge of our state of justification comes from a feeling-a religious feeling or experience of being justified. Do I have to tell you who this is referring to? Remember Charissa singing in class?
Extremism for Love: *
Filioque Clause: and the son: West VS. East, understanding of the Holy Spirit. East: a VERY GOOD understanding of the HS & matches the historical nicean creed: Holy Spirit proceeds "from the father" the filioque clause is an amendment of sorts, adopted by the West to say proceeds from the father AND THE SON. Here in the West, we do not recite the original creed. Great Schism in 1054, the definitive break in the church
Creation & Covenant: Creation is the external basis of covenant/Covenatn is the internal basis of creation. God does not create out of fun, necessity, need, but for covenant. Covenant is the goal of creation...climax of creation. The choosing of a people is embeded from Creation. WE MISUNDERASTAND COVENANT IF WE SEE IT AS SEPARATION. (NO INTENTION OF SEPARATION...GOD IS WITH THOSE IN LOSS/STRIFE.)
Process Theology: (Augustine said we are restless until we rest in God.) (The whole world is a living organism directed toward God.)Whitehead, mathematician, Cambridge. Uplifting of Oppressed Groups. Blurrs distinction between matter and spirit, views all companions as subjects not objects (beyond human, think trees.) stresses relationship over individuals. Strong view of human freedom, the world is essentially, relational. Example in class: a butterfly flapping his wings in north america can effect the weather patterns on the other side of the world.
Triplex Munis: Used by Pedraja, Authored by Calvin p. 147 - ? In English - triple office. The classical paradigm for understanding the work of Christ, which is expressed as Christ as King, Christ as Priest and Christ as Prophet. Pedraja challenges the traditional theories of atonement that accompany these offices and highlights how they each are a product of the culture in which they were formed. He also emphasizes how people in power have used these theories for oppression. Interesting to note that Pedraja changes the Christ in the titles of each office to Jesus - a clear sign of his desire to correct earlier theories with an emphasis on the humanity of Jesus. Liberation theologians tend to emphasize Jesus the Prophet (p. 147-148 his teaching and preaching which call for social justice and liberation from the structures of evil), but also work with the priestly Jesus (p. 148-153 here emphasizing the priestly work of reconciliation over the work of sacrifice - through Christ humanity is reconciled not only to God but to each other) and Jesus as King (p. 157-159 emphasizes the danger here since the term King comes from structures of oppression. However, here they are "proclaiming a new understanding of power that transforms society through love, compassion and humility instead of by sheer force, violence and subjugation" (158) God's new reign can come and conquer evil in this world.)
General Resurrection: Wesley: General resurrection: future resurrection of all persons, righteous and unrighteous
New Creation: Wesley: New Creation: creation of new heaven and new earth
Therapy: Wesley: Wesley's view of Jesus as the therapy or cure to the disease of sin, physically affects the body, restores the imago dei
Natural Religion/Positive Religion: S. Natural religion: generic religion, some common moral thread or teaching shared by all
Methodism: a renewal movement in the church of England, heavily influenced by the Moravians. By Charles and John Wesley. (think the storm on the ship.) Brothers failed in Georgia, and came back and then Aldersgate occurred.
Wholly Other: Barth: Transcendent + immanent, God To Us Barth critiques we have domesticated God, an idol of our making. Barth accuses S of setting things up to have a) God surprise us, is not beyond us c annot show mercy.
Practical: S: Three Stages Essential Element #3: Disciplines, action, practice, simple but not simplistic practice, small groups, reading scripture yourself. Liturgy. Homeletics. Pastoral Care.
Sola gratia: Saved by grace alone through faith. Source of our salvation.
Church and the Status Quo: *
Final Judgement: Wesley: Final judgment: non--biblical term for God's ultimate judgment of the nations and
Visible & Invisible Church: Barth...tack this right onto the end of High & Low, Invisable= God's elect, visable= what we see right here, right now. Dave Jensen: The more you make of this distinction the more you MINIMIZE what God is doing in the flawed world & with flawed people. Barth: Doesn't want to do away with Invisible and Visible Church, BUT he DOES put them in contrast with each other, so for Barth look at the V as a form of church, and the I as mystery church. You must think about the Holy Spirit when thinking about Church I and Church V.
Person & Work of Christ: Christology: two parts Person & What he does. S: focuses on the work, B: says if we focus too much on the work, we will put ourselves there. Cross, a one time event? Bart says, no S, we are an Easter People and it is a process. S: more Abelardian, and Barth is more Anselm.
Humiliation & Exaltation: "And it is a matter of the answer to this question: that in this humiliation God is supremely God, that in this death He is supremely alive, that He has maintained and revealed His deity in the passion of this man as His eternal Son. Moreover, this human passion does not have just a significance and effect in its historical situation within humanity and the world... there is fulfilled in it the mission, the task, and the work of the Son of God: the reconciliation of the World with God." (Barth, 119)
"Real Religion": Wesley p. 449 The restoration of humanity not only to God's favor, but to the image of God. This is related to imputed/imparted righteousness in that man is not only delivered from sin (imputed righteousness) but also is living into grace (imparted righteousness).
Community: S: in the midst of free action I must remember others and the feeling of absolute dependence
Spiritual Indwelling: BH: Spiritual indwelling: foundational core/root of black church
Restoration of Imago: Wesley's belief that this can only happen through the redemption in Christ, the original imago dei was not completely destroyed just distorted and through the grace of God we can be restored to that state of perfection
Panentheism: WESLEY: (Wesley says NO to panentheism, keller who is a weslian pushes this way as well.) See above, we went over this. We spoke about it as pregnant mom, the world is in the womb of the creator....
Human Freedom: Keller focuses on Human Freedom, influenced by Wesley NOT Calvin.
Becoming: Keller. A big word for her is becoming. An emphasis that reality is not fixed, it is a process, live and death cycle...a continual process. Theology is always on the way, Theologia viatorum. Reality and life are in flux, developing and changing. The false idea that theology can be concrete..we cannot make it permanent. Nominalism: no such thing as universal realities. Becoming rather than 'being' God lures us into fuller living and fuller life. Keller rejects creation ex nihilio. See Keller Page 106, ex profundis.
Creative Love: Keller: EROS, Doesn't force, is invitational. Eros is not just a lustful desiring. God also has yearning for us in a positive way. We see Eros as sexual, but it
Schleiermacher-Holy Spirit: Barth & S. argue about the Spirit in and among us. For S. theology, at its best, is to portray what it means to live in the spirit. Community and individual life. Barth: "What is needed for the future is a theology predominently and decisively of the Holy Spirit." Barth thinks S. went about the HS in the wrong way because S focuses on the Christian relationship to the world: power, politics and social.
Just/Unjust Laws: MLK: Just/unjust laws: just laws square with law of God and God's intentions, uplifts humans
Theologia viatorum: Keller. Think Faith Seeking Understanding. This is part of Becoming, and part of Whitehead's development: Process Theology!
Univocal language: Exhaustative. Same words mean the same thing. Think fundamentalism. Think Good, good means good. A good orange, boy and God are the same.
Grammatical Interpretation: S. Competency in the language, Keen familiarity with the original language, to understand the possibilities that exsist. Goethe, everytime we gain a new language we gain a new soul. S agrees. We get a richer understanding of the world. Margaret Atwood. We have one word for snow, eskimos have a bajillion words for snow. We should have as many words for love. Grammatical competence, for S, doesn't guaranty your competence.
Divine Attributes: WESLEY: Potent is power, present is everywhere, and cient all knowing: Omnipotent, Ominipresent, Omniscient. Wesley says these are meaningless if only in philosophized about. Unity
Parables: Keller p. 137 - 138 (and throughout the chapter) Technical Definition - Westminster Dictionary of Theological Terms "a short story based on a common experience that contains a meaning". Parables function for Keller to both conceal and to reveal, they express truths without falling into the trap of absolutism, they remain an "open-ended interaction" (138) They capture and hold on to the mysteries of our faith. Parables work to open us up to relationships - always grounded in relationships. Keller views Jesus as the Parable of God (see p. 155).
Religion(s): B: Barth sees religion in contrast to S.'s Theology direct or indirect. Barth called religion our feeble attempt to climb the ladder to God. S: To be religious: come home to ourselves-any experience in the world can be religious. S: page 129 & 130 (Contrast this to Barth.)
El Shaddai: *
Creation: We started off class with a prayer by dostoevsky : "Lord, may we love all your creation, all the earth and every grain of sand in it. May we love every leaf, every ray of your light. May we love the animals: you have given them the rudiments of thought and joy untroubled. Let us not trouble it; let us not harass them, let us not deprive them of their happiness, let us not work against your intent. For we acknowledge unto you that all is like an ocean, all is flowing and blending, and that to withhold any measure of love from anything in your universe is to withhold that same measure from you. Amen."-a prayer spoken by Fyodor Dostoevsky Moving into S., we learn from S's take on creation a very tangible and pastoral case for creation. S is speaking in response to the enlightenment.
Holiness: Wesley: another term for perfection
Incarnation: Incarnation - signifies something manifested in human form or flesh. Has slightly negative overtones such as carnal, carnage, carrion or carnivore. Evoke a picture of God entering into something foreign, unspiritual this can lead to dualism that devalues our earthly realities of life as flesh and blood creatures.
Mysticism: S: related to piety and moravians. the ongoing life of God, through Christ, expressed through piety.
Imago Dei: Weslely: In the garden we had perfection and we through it away, and Jesus came, as perfection, and we need to live into Christ's model. The reason we sin is because our imago dei is distorted.
Counterapoclypse: Keller: Counterapocalypse: her alternative response to Christian eschatologies of
Nothingness (das Nichtige): Sin and Evil are nothingness. Only God and God's creation REALLY ARE. Nothingness is what God doesn't will. Augustin's description: if the infection in the cow kills the cow, the infection also dies, there is no host.
Baruch Spinoza: see pantheism below.
Name of Jesus: Name of Jesus - In Hispanic cultures naming a child Jesus is an identity marker to being Christian. (Also used the example of Iberian Peninsula where Muslims would name their kids Mohammed and Jews named their kids Moses. Anglo society - saying Jesus outside of worship is like saying a curse word. It becomes a divine word. This erects a barrier between humanity and God instead of bridging the distance. In Latino/a culture the name is used often as the embodiment of Jesus in his humanity.
Eros: Traditional: "lower" love; possessive and selfish. Barth: love that yearns, asserts itself, in opposition to human nature, we attempt to control (DJensen: but this dismisses the eros of YHWH in the OT)
God's Otherness: Barth: The Gap between God and Humans, and Christ form the
Virgin of Guadalupe: Pedraja: Juan Diego, Mestizo, peasant farmer, not a big church-dude, she was also mestiza, and her message was "you do not need to be European to be Christian, the gospel is for everyone." She represented the indiginization of the gospel, that was historically presented negatively through the conquistadors. The kingdom of God marches on....
Hush Arbor: BH: Hush Arbor: Secret places blacks met for church on the slave plantations
culture: Tradition can be positive or negative, to hand down or to betray. Look at theology through the cultural hermanuetic, the context, from which the theologian is working. Pedraja includes culture. Think Barth/Nazis Think Wesley/Church of England. Think Syncretism.
Tradition/Hand Over: Keller. She is a methodist, so think about that lynch pin, REASON. Have you read the short story "the lottery?" no one knows why they stoned her. Tradition without using reason. Use your reason. Listen to it, if it is okay, it can stay alive. Insert Conversation here. Insert Community here.
God as verb: Pedraja: To say the word has become flesh is to say that God is a Verb. God is not the biggest thing among other things. If you thing God as only as being, that is idolatry. God's being is a being in action. Pedraja is influenced by Paul Tillich and M. Daley. Continual Creation.
Christocentric: Theology that makes Christ as its starting point and norm, vs. androcenteric or theocentric theologies. The person and work of Christ are at the center of theological and ethical matters.
Christian Perfection: Wesley: Christian perfection: Christ's work and what we have to do is self-empty so Christ's
Hybridity/Border Crossing: P. Jesus was a border-crosser. a nazerine who traveld to different towns, "and nothing good could come from Galilee." You can use Mestizo/a here. Hybridity, the hyphen is a bridge. Mexican-American, mediating between the two.
La Lucha: Pedraja: God is the God of life. Life is a struggle against. Everyday struggle of life, creating and in the struggle. (death-can't read my handwriting on death.)
The Virgin: Pedraja: Brings out the feminine aspects of God, and the idea of Holy Spirit...challenges the patriarchal images of Christianity (116) Top of page: Virgin Mary, this idea enables the hispanic community see the feminine side of God. Our lady of Charity.... DJ: Stereotypical Gender...Pedraja...falls a little short here father son and the feminine?
Divine Power & Causation: Keller: Calvin is wrong! (he he, a great thing to fall back on!) Divine power:Omnipotence & Keller says that there is no scriptural base for this. Job, she brings up Job, God doesn't cause Job to suffer, if God wills something to happen then God Causes it to happen. To say God wills is not the same as God causes. It is Calvin's mistake to say if God wills something then God causes. Keller says NO, her theory based on the Old Testament God, of desiring and caring and being, beside just willing. Free human action....She uses the example Sodom. God can change. Abraham argues God down! Her final pieces. Why do we have laws if everything is predermined. If we think suffering comes from God for some reason, then the victim gets blamed. Meaningless suffering (like Job's friends)
enemies: Keller: Enemies: the church we are to love must include our enemies
Communion: P. living in and for and with and through one another. death is not a punishment for sin, but ineviditability of sin.
Pantheism/Acosmism: This type of theology is on the other end of the spectrum from deism. Pantheism and Acosmism collapses the difference between God and God's creation. Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) was concerned with God's activity in God's creation and with ethics. (He was actually excommunicated from his synagogue.) Everything that happens is a part of God and a part of God's unchangeable will. S THOUGHT THIS WAS A TOTAL CONFUSION BETWEEN GOD AND GOD'S GOOD CREATION.

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