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vocabulary related to skin

Terms

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Actinic keratosis
(ack-TIN-ick kerr-ah-TOH-sis)
a precancerous skin lesion caused by excessive
exposure to the sun.
Albinism
(AL-bih-niz-um)
an inherited deficiency or absence, of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes due to an abnormality in production of melanin.
Alopecia
(al-oh-PEE-shee-ah)
partial or complete loss of hair.
Blepharoplasty
(BLEF-ah-roh-plas-tee)
surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids.
Bulla
(BULL-ah)
a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter.
Carbuncle
(KAR-bung-kul)
a cluster of boils that results in extensive sloughing of skin and scare formation.
Cellulitis
(sell-you-LYE-tis)
a diffuse infection of connective tissue with severe inflammation within the layers of skin.
Chloasma
(kloh-AZ-mah)
a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face that may occur during pregnancy and usually disappears after delivery.
Cicatrix
(sick-AY-tricks)
a normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound.
Comedo
(KOM-eh-doh)
a lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle.
Debridement
(day-breed-MON)
removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing.
Decubitus ulcer
(dee-KYOU-bih-tus)
an ulcerated area cause by prolong pressure that cuts off circulation to a body part.
Dermatitis
(der-mah-TYE-tis)
inflammation of the upper layers of skin.
Diaphoresis
(dye-ah-foh-REE-sis)
profuse sweating.
Dysplastic nevi
(dis-PLAS-tick NEE-vye)
atypical moles that may develop into skin cancer.
Ecchymosis
(eck-ih-MOH-sis)
a purplish area caused by bleeding within the skin.
Eczema
(ECK-zeh-mah)
acute or chronic skin inflammation characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, scabs, and possibly itching.
Erythema
(er-ih-THEE-mah)
redness of the skin such as a nervous blush, inflammation or mild sunburn.
Erythroderma
(eh-Rith-roh-DER-mah)
a condition in which there is a widespread erythema that is accompanied by scaling.
Exfoliative cytology
(ecks-FOH-lee-Ay-tiv sigh-TOL-oh-jee)
a biopsy technique in which cell are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope.
Folliculitis
(foh-Lick-you-LYE-tis)
an inflammation of the hair follicles.
Furuncles
(FYOU-rung-kulz)
large swollen areas of a staphylococcal infection around hair follicles.
Granulomas
(Gran-you-LOH-mah)
small knot-like swellings of granulation tissue.
Hematoma
(Hee-mah-TOH-mah)
a swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues.
Hirsutism
(HER-soot-izm)
abnormal hairiness; usually refers to the appearance of male body or facial hair patterns in the female.
Ichthyosis
(Ick-thee-OH-sis)
a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin.
Impetigo
(Im-pe-TYE-go)
a highly contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and ruptured.
Keloid
(KEE-loid)
an abnormally raised or thicken scare that is usually smooth and shiny.
Keratosis
(Kerr-ah-TOH-sis)
any skin growth in which there is an overgrowth and thickening of the skin.
Koilonychias
(Koy-loh-NICK-ee-ah)
a malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out.
Lipedema
(lip-eh-DEE-mah)
a chronic swelling caused by the collection of fat and fluid under the skin.
Lipoma
(lih-POH-mah)
a benign fatty deposit under the skin that causes a bump.
Lupus erythematosus
(LOO-pus er-ih-Thee-mah-TOH-sus)
an autoimmune disorder characterized by a red scaly rash on the face and upper trunk.
Macule
(MACK-youl)
a discolored, flat spot such as a freckle or flat mole that is less than 1 cm in diameter.
Malignant melanoma
(mel-ah-NOH-mah)
skin cancer derived from cells capable of forming melanin.
Miliaria
(Mill-ee-AYR-ee-ah)
also known as heat rash or prickly heat.
Necrotizing fasciitis
(Fas-ee-EYE-tis)
also know as flesh eating bacteria, is caused by Group A strep.
Onychocryptosis
(On-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis)
ingrown toenail.
Onychomycosis
(On-ih-koh-my-KOH-sis)
fungal infection of the nail.
Papilloma
(Pap-ih-LOH-mah)
a benign, superficial wart-like growth on the epithelial tissue.
Papule
(PAP-youl)
a small raised red lesion that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter.
Paronychia
(Par-oh-NICK-ee-ah)
infection of the skin fold at the margin of the nail.
Pediculosis
(pee-Dick-you-LOH-sis)
infestation with lice.
Petechiae
(pee-TEE-kee-ee)
small pinpoint hemorrhages that are smaller versions of bruises.
Pruritus
(proo-RYE-tus)
itching associated with most forms of dermatitis.
Psoriasis
(soh-RYE-uh-sis)
a chronic autoimmune disorder of the skin characterized by red papules covered with silvery scales that occur predominantly on the elbows, knee, scalp, back and buttock.
Purpura
(PEW-pew-rah)
condition characterized by hemorrhage into the skin, which causes spontaneous bruising.
Purulent
(PYOU-roo-lent)
producing or containing pus.
Rhytidectomy
(Rit-ih-DECK-to-mee)
surgical removal of excess skin for the elimination of wrinkles.
Rosacea
(roh-ZAY-shee-ah)
a chronic condition of unknown cause that produces redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels.
Scabies
(SCAY-beez)
a skin infection caused by an infestation with the itch mite.
Scleroderma
(Sklehr-oh-DER-mah)
an autoimmune disorder that causes abnormal tissue thickening, usually starting on the hands, feet, or face.
Seborrhea
(Seb-oh-REE-ah)
any of several common skin conditions in which there is an overproduction of sebum.
Strawberry hemangioma
(hee-Man-jee-OH-ma)
a soft raised dark reddish purple birthmark.
Tinea
(TIN-ee-ah)
a fungus skin disease affecting different areas of the body.
Uticaria
(Ur-tih-KAR-ee-ah)
a skin condition characterized by local areas of swelling accompanied by itching that is associated with an allergic reaction.
Verrucae
(veh-ROO-see)
skin lesions caused by the human papilloma virus.
Vitiligo
(Vit-ih-LYE-goh)
a condition in which a loss of melanocytes results in whitish areas of the skin bordered by normally pigmented areas.
Wheal
(WHEEL)
a smooth, slightly elevated, swollen area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin and is usually accompanied by itching.
Xeroderma
(ze-roh-DER-mah)
excessively dry skin.
capillary hemangioma (KAP-uh-ler-ee hee-man-jee-OH-
mah):
a soft, raised, pink, or red vascular birthmark.

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