Hx & PE
Terms
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- What are the 3 levels of Triage?
-
1-Those need Tx to survive
2-Those recover w/out Tx
3-Those that will not survive even w/ Tx - What are the 5 signalments?
-
1-specie
2-Breed
3-Age
4-sex
5-Reproductive Status - What is triage?
- Medical screening to determine the priority of Tx.
- When performing the standard TPR, what order should they be performed in?
-
1-Respiratory
2-Pulse
3-Temperature - What is a pulse deficit?
- The pulse rate is less than the heart rate
- At what temperature is a dog or cat considered to be hyperthermic?
- >103 F
- At what temperature is a dog or cat considered to be hypothermic?
- <99 F
- What is the normal respiration rate for a dog?
- 8-20
- What is the normal respiration rate for a cat?
- 8-30
- What is tachypnea?
- Rapid breathing
- What is hyperpnea?
- increased rate and depth of breathing (>30)
- What is bradypnea?
- decreased rate of breathing <8 breaths/min
- What is the normal pulse rate for a dog?
-
>25kg (55lbs) 70-100
<25kg (55lbs) 90-160 - What is the normal pulse rate for a cat?
- 150-210
- What is tachycardia?
- incrased heart rate
- What is bradycardia?
- decreased heart rate
- Pink mucous membranes is an indicator of?
- normal, adequate oxygenation
- Pale mucous membranes is an indicator of?
- anemia, pain, hypotension, hyperthermia
- Bright red mucous membranes ia an indicator of?
- toxic phase of infection
- Muddy mucous membranes is an indicator of?
- septic patient
- Yellow (or icteric) mucous membranes is an indicator of?
- liver disease, hemolaysis
- Blue (or cyanotic) mucous membranes is an indicator of?
- late indication of poor tissue oxygenation
- Ulcerated mucous membranes is an indicator of?
- uremia, kidney disease
- What is petechiae and what does it indicate?
-
submucosal or intradermal hemorrhage seen as purplish red spots.
indicates coagulation disorder - The normal capillary refill time is?
- < 2 seconds
- When differentiating heart murmurs, which level is loud but does not have a palpable thrill?
- Category 4
- When differntiating heart murmurs, which level is loud with a palpable thrill?
- Catergory 5
- Which heart valves have a PMI on the left thoracic wall?
- pulmonary valve, aeortic valve, & mitral valve
- Which heart valve has a PMI on the right thoracic wall?
- tricuspid valve
- What percentage of skin turgor is undectable?
- <5%
- What physical findings are found in a patient with 5-6% skin turgor?
- skin is slightly doughy & a little inelastic, tacky mucous membranes
- What physical findings are found in a patient with 6-8% skin turgor?
- skin is inelastic, eyes are slightly sunken in
- What physical findings are found in a patient with 10-12% skin tugor?
- increased skin turgor, eyes sunken, dry mucous membranes, prolonged CRT
- What physical findings are found in a patient with 12-15% skin turgor
- shock & imminent death