pre clinic ch 7
Terms
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- before the RDH initiates the vital procedures what should they do?
- they should explain the purpose and method to obtaining the vitals to the patient
- how often are the vital signs recorded in the clients chart?
- at each visit
- what is the systolic?
- force exerted during ventricular contraction; heartbeat (highest pressure in cardiac cycle)
- what can effect an increase in blood pressure?
- age, exercise, stress, and medications
- what else could a high body temperature signify?
- the client has just finished exercising, drinking hot beverages, smoking or it could be a pathological condition
- if the body temperature is greater than 99.5 it signifies what?
- infection or disease
- what is a normal blood pressure for adults?
- 100 to 140 mm hg/60 to 90 mmhg
- what is considered abnormal blood pressure?
-
if value is 140-160 systolic and 90-95 diastolic, pressure should be checked 3 consecutive appointments, then refer to an MD. proceed with treatment
* systolic> 160
diastolic> 95
requires medical consult prior to beginning treatment - what must be recorded for the clients respiration?
- rate, rhythm, quality, sound, patinet position
- what blood pressure requires immediate medical consultation?
-
systolic > 200
diastolic> 115 - How may the body temperature be decreased?
- by starvation or shock
- what is the procedure to measuring body temperature?
-
*shake the mercury below 96
*wait 15 minutes after the client has finished eating, drinking, or smoking
*place the themometer under their tongue for 3 minutes
*record the highest temperature - what is the normal range for a childs blood pressure?
- 65 to 140 systolic/40 to 70 diastolic
- what is a stethescope used for?
- listens to soudns of blood as it passes through brachial artery
- what is blood pressure?
- force exerted on walls of blood vesels during the contraction and elaxation of the heart
- how is the pulse evaluated?
-
By rate (fast or slow)
rhythm (regular or irregular)
quantity (full, thready)
It is measured by the number of heartbeats per minute - what is the diastolic?
- resting pressure ;occurs during ventricular relaxation (heart rest). Lowest pressure of the cardia cycle
- what is a pulse?
- the force of blood through an artery created by the hearts contraction
- what is bradycardia?
- unusually slow beat (below 50 beats per minute)
- what is tachycardia?
-
unusually fast heart beat (over 100 heartbeats per minute)
- name the sequence of taking vital signs
-
temperature
pulse
respirations
blood pressure - name some of the factors that can affect the pulse rate
-
an increase in exercise, certain drugs, anxiety, heat, eating, or disease
a decrease in sleep, certain drugs, fasting and disease - where is the radial pulse?
-
lateral surface of the wrist (thumb side)
- what are vital signs?
- numerical value given to blood pressure, body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate and body height and weight
- what is the pulse pressure?
- value obtained when the diastolic pressure is subtracted from the systolic pressure
- what are the normal resting heart-rate rates
-
*adult 60 to 100 beats per minute
*child 80 to 120 beats per minute
* infant 100 to 160 beats per minute - which sites are the non emergency sites?
- brachial or radial
- where is the brachial pulse?
- medial aspect of the antecubutal fossa of the elbow
- where is the femoral pulse?
- medial aspect of the upper thigh
- where is the carotid pulse?
- the neck groove, just anterior to the sternocleidomastiod muscle
- what are some factors that efect blood pressure values?
- the hearts contractile force, peripheral vascular resistance, and vascular volume
- which site is teh emergency site?
-
the carotid, indicates that blood is flowing to the brain
* don't palpate both carotid arteries simultaneoulsy as both may be partially occluded - what happens if the vitals are abnormal?
- they are brought to the atention of the dentist, client and clients physician
- when recording the radial pulse rate what should be recorded?
- the pulse rate, rythm, and quality
- what is hypertension?
- sustained, abnormally high blood pressure
- What causes an increased respiration rate?
-
exercise, pain, certain drugs, anxiety, shock or disease.
normal adult 12 to 20 rpm
child 20 rpm - what is hypotension?
- sustained, abnormally low blood pressure
- true or false? vital signs are used to detemine a clients fitness to undergo oral healthcare
- true
- what is the respiration rate?
- the bodys inspiration and expiration of air; the number of breaths per minute