Immunological Antibodies
Terms
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- Name all the immune system antiboies
- IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE
- The most versatile antibody
- Immunoglobin G
- What is agglutination reaction?
- When blood clumps so that antigens precipitate out, makes phagocytosis easy
- How does IgG neutralize toxins?
- It blocks their active sites
- What is anti-viral activity?
- Blocking the viral attachments to the cell
- Which antibody has anti viral activity?
- Immunoglobin G
- Which antibody is predominant in the second exposure antigen?
- Immunoglobin G
- How does IgG become predominant in the second exposure of an antigen?
- Memory cells produce IgG and grants long lived immunity
- Another name for Second Exposure of an Antigen
- Amnestic Response
- Which antibody has the cell mediated cytotoxicity biological property?
- Immunoglobin G
- Where are antibodies made?
- B lymphocytes
- When IgG binds to antigens what happens next?
- It increases the activity of NK cells
- Which antibody has Opsonizing activity?
- Immunoglobin G
- What is opsonizing activity?
- When antibodies enhance phagocytosis when bound to antigens (because macrophages and PMN\'s have receptors for the Fc portion of IgG)
- Name the IgG structure
- Monomer
- Where is IgG located?
- Blood vessels, extracellular compartments and breast milk. (Crosses placenta and serum half life 23 days)
- Serum half life of 23 days
- IgG
- Crosses the placenta
- IgG
- How many subclasses does IgG have?
- Four
- Which subclass in IgG cannot cross the placenta?
- Subclss 2
- Used in passive immunizations
- IgG
- Erythroblastosis fetalis is when
- A mom has IgG antibodies to the fetal Rh group the fetus will get hemolytic disease of a newborn
- Erythroblastosis fetalis only happens if
- The mom is Rh negative and the fetus Rh positive
- What happens if IgG passes through the placenta in erythroblastosis fetlis?
- The anti-Rh antibodies will destroy the fetal Red Blood Cells
- Which antibody is formed first in an immune response?
- Immunoglobin M
-
If there are too many of these antibodies it indicates infection
- Immunoglobin M
- Low levels of IgM means infection
- False
- IgA is formed in response to active immunization
- False its IgM
- Most efficient agglutinating antibody
- IgM
- Most efficient complement fixing antibody
- IgM
- How many IgG molecules are needed for complement fixing?
- Various
-
How many IgM molecules are needed for complement fixing?
- One
- IgM structure
- Pentameter- five sub-units that are held together by a j-chain
- The pentamer in IgM is mostly found in?
- Serum
- Longest half life
- IgG
- Serum half life of 5 days
- IgM
- A fetus begins producing IgM when?
- 5 months
- Antibody that is responsible for ABO blood types
- IgM
- What is another name for IgM?
- Natural Isohemagglutinin antibodies
- IgM antibodies are specific for?
- Red blood cell polysaccharides
- IgM cannot pass through the placenta what does this mean?
- This means that the mom and fetus can safely have diff. ABO blood types
- Name the antibodies from highest to lowest half life
- IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE
- Predominant in Ig secretions
- IgA
- IgA is the least produced antibody?
- False it\'s the most
- IgA blocks what kind of attachment?
- It blocks bacteria to attach to mucosal surfaces
- IgA has no agglutination reaction
- True
- Which antibody does not activate complement?
- IgA
- Which antibody can activate alternative complement pathway?
- IgA
- Where is IgA antibodies found?
- Tears, saliva, sweat, colostrum, urine, gastric fluid, and mucus
- Has a half life of 5.5 days?
- IgA
- IgD has a half life of?
- 2.8 days
- Has the shortest half life?
- IgE for 2 days
- IgE has the highest concentration of all Ig
- False, lowest
- IgA has how many subclasses?
- 2
- How many subclasses does IgD have?
- None
- IgE has 1 subclass?
- False
- Which antibody has no serum function?
- IgD
- Which antibody is found on the surface of B lymphocytes?
- IgD
- Name the structure of IgE
- Monomer with an extra CH domain.
- IgE binds to?
- Basophils and mast cells
- Why do basophils and mast cells keep IgE concetration low?
- Because free IgE is quickly bound to these cells
- What happens when IgE binds to basophils and mast cells?
- It causes mast and basophil cells to release granules of histamine, heparin and leukotrienes.
- What do basophil and mast cells release?
- Granules of histamine, heparin and leukotrienes.
- Helps protect against parasites
- IgE
- How does IgE protect against parasites?
- By attracting eosinophils to the parasite.
- IgD is easily degraded by
- proteolytic enzymes
- IgA structure
- J chain and S component
- Antibody structure secreted as a dimer?
- IgA
- The S component in the IgA structure is created in
- Epithelial cells
- Why is the S component attached to the dimer?
- To allow secretion through the epitheial layers and protect it from proteolysis(digestion)in the GI tract