Microbiology airborne illnesses
Terms
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- What is the most common agent of strep throat and tell gram staining and other diseases that this bacteria causes??
- G + Type A Streptococcus Pyogenes Encapsulated chains Puerperal sepsis( childbed fever) Septocemia(blood poisoning) Erysipelas (open skin wounds)
- scarlet fever
- streptococcus Pyogenes thoat with a skin rash
- erythrogenic toxin
- red forming toxin
- glomerulonephritis
- A manifistation of streptococcus pyogenes in kideneys fever and inflammation of small blood vessels
- rheumatic fever
- fever and immflamation of small blood vessels joint pain and distortion of heart valves antibody reaction
- Alpha hemolitic
- turn blood agar olive green color partially destroy red blood cells
- Beta hemolytic
- streptococci that are surrounded by clear zones on due to complete destruction of red blood cells on blood agar
- Gamma hemolytic stretococci
- No effecct on red blood cells in blood agar
- Second classification system of streptococci
- First system is the blood -digesting and the second is based on variats of a specific carbo.the C substance in the cell walls of strep. Groups A thr O
- Strep cases anually
- 500,000
- M Protein
-
enhances the pathogenticity of strep.P.
locateded in the cell wall and pili encourages adherence retards phagocytosis 60 types - what are the symptoms of diptheria
-
toxin can cause bullneck
a leathery pseudomembrane forms(dead tissue mucus and white blood cells)
exotoxin kills epithial cells in from interfering with protien synthesis -
Treatment for diptheria
Vaccine??? -
Penecillin and antitoxin
Toxoid in DTaP - Diptheria agent and type ????
- Corynebacterium diptheriae-- Gram positive rod
- corynephage???
-
Viris attache to bacterial chromosomes containing the genetic code for exotoxin
(lysogenic relationship) - Metachromatic granules??
- corynebacterium diptheriae stained show up as cytoplasmic dots
- toxoid
- toxin molecules treated with formaldahyde or heat to destroy their toxic qualities
- No. of cases of diptheria
- 12 in US but problem in many regeins of world esp. asia
- Serotype???
- antigens on surface of bacteria 5 types
- Transmisson of step p.
- airborne droplets
- Symptoms of strep. p.
-
1-3 days
high fever mesophile
swollen lymph nodes
red pharyngeal tissue - bacteriophage
- transfer proteins from one another
- which does penecillin work best against
- Gram positive bac.
- Agent of Meninogococcal meningitis
- Neisseria meningitis
- Stain and desript. of neisseria meningitis
- GRam NEGETIVE DIPLOCOCCUS
- Symtoms of meningococcal meningitis
-
Influenza like resp. disease
stiff arched neck
headache
rash on skin blue black to bright red
death can come in 2 hours
Untreated (50% mortality rate - meningococcemia????
- meninges inflamed
- Meningoccocal meningitis treatments and vaccin????
-
rifampin,penicillin, sulfonamide drugs
Vaccinate under certain circumstances with capsular polysaccharides from several groups of meningococci - Waterhouse_Fridersichsen syndrome????
- Lesions from meningococcol meningitis on adrenal gland (hormone imbalence)
-
transfer of meningococcal meningitis???
No of cases per??? -
Person to person transfer
fragile organism
3000 in 1997 in us -
Agent of haemopnilus meningitis
Bacteria type?? -
haemophilus influenzae type B
Gram negetive encapsulated rod - Symptoms of haemophilus meningitis
-
haemophilus influenzae type b causes stiff neck, severe headache, listlessness, drowsiness,irritability
disease mortality 5% -
Vaccinne for haemophillus meningitis???
treatmen??
how many cases?? -
Included in DTaP (poyysaccharides from organism's capsule ACELLULAR VACCINe
rifampin used for treatment with others - HIB disease???
- Haemophilus meningitis in children from 6months to 2 years- Complication to a previous disease
- Treatment for haemophilus meningitis
- rifampin
- Tuberculosis Agent???
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- tuberculosis staining???
- Cell wall contains layer of fatt waxey material that resis. environmental factors.. stain acompanied by heat or lip dissolving (small rod is ACID FAST)
- tuberculin test???
- app, of purified protein derivitive of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the skin( if exposed skin becomes raised thick and red
- How many exposures to get tB
- multiple
- Transfer of mycobacterium tuberculosis???
- Airborne droplets mutiple exposures
- Cases of tuberculosis in US
-
20,000 new case anually More deaths from this disease in developing countries than any other bacterial
3,000 Annual fatalities in us
1.7 billion people in the world 1997 3 million world deaths - what percent of tb people become ill within 3 months with syptoms of chronic cough, chest pain, high fever, rust colored sputnum
- 10 %
-
Miliary tuberculosis????explain
Another name for??? -
the tubercle has broken down and spread to other body parts 1.no discernable toxins 2. tissues are consumed
Consumption - Mantoux test???
- test for antibodies ,,if vacinnated can't test
- Who first isolated mycobacterium tuberculosis??
- Robert Koch in 1882
- Pott's disease ????
- Tuberculosis of the spine
- Drugs to treat TB???
- isoniazid(INH),pyrazinamide,rifamptin,ethambutal and streptomycin
- How do you immunize against TB???
- injections of weakened Mycobacterium bovis
- what is mycobacterium avium-intracellular
- Acid fast rod that causes lung disease especially in AIDS patients,associated with birds,Called mycobacteriosis, or Mai disease
- pneumonia meaning?
- microbial diseases of the bronchial tubes and lungs
- 80% of bacterial cases of pneumonia are caused by what agent
- Streptococcus pneumonia
- Give description of Streptococcus pneumonia
- Gram positive ,encapsulated chain,diplococcus
- What is agent in pneumococcal pneumonia??
- streptococcus pneumonia(pneumococcus)
- How is pneumococcal pneumonia aquired??
- droplets or contact ---The pneumococcus exist in most Americans but resistance is high--in respiratory tract--
- Symptoms of streptococcus pneumonia are ------????
-
high fever
chest pains
diffuclt breathing
rust colored sputnum - lobar pneumonia???
- entire lobe of one lung has infection
- pneumonia in both lungs is called ______???/
- double pneumonia
- How many strains of pneumococcal pneumonia are there and how many have vaccine made for them????
- over 80 strains and FDA has liscenced a vaccine for 23 strains
-
Describe the Eaton agent???
and Tell the name of agent. - Causes primary atypical pneumonia and named mycoplasma pneumoniae PAP
- Another name for mycoplasmic pneumonia???
- walking pneumonia and primary a typical pneumonia
- Describe agent mycoplasmic pneumoniae
-
smallest of bacteria
Mycoplasma
have no Gram reaction
0.2um in size
Pleomorphic (variety of shapes)
no cell wall - What antibiotic used against mycoplasma pneumonia
- erythromiacin
- cold agglutinin screening test???
- antibodies produced against mycoplasmic pneumonia agglutinate type O red blood cells at 4degrees C but not at 37 degrees C
- describe agent of Klebsiella pneumonia???
-
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram negative encapsulated rod,often occurs naturally inresp. tract of humans.
As secondary disease is a Nosocomial
As primary disease is characterized by sudden onset and gelantinous reddish brown sputnum 5% of bacterial pnuemononia