BICD 136
Terms
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- Candida albicans
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fungal
thrush - white growth - can become systemic
treat - fluconazole or amphotericin B if systemic - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
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fungal
very threatening - in lungs - also systemic possible
treat - pentamidine or Bactrim - recommended as preventative if below 200 - Cryptococcus neoformans
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fungal, airborne
not normal in humans, inhaled lungs to meninges to cause meningitis
treat - fluconazole - Histoplasma capsulatum
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fungal, airborne
infects eyes - blindness - Coccidioides immitis
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fungal, airborne
can infect any organs - meningitis and other organ-specific ailments - Aspergillus
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fungal, harder to get
from soil - gen moldy marijuana or mushrooms
swelling of face, eyes - Cryptosporidium parvum
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protozoan
large intestine - diarrhea
treat - symptoms w/ immodium preventative - Toxoplasma gondii
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protozoan
meat and animal contact - main target is brain causing toxoplasmic encephalitis (toxoplasmosis) - dementia and death
treat - sulfadiazine - reduces but does not eliminate - Salmonella and Shigella
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bacteria
food poisoning - more common with HIV - Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas
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bacterial, inhaled
pneumonia and sinusisitis
treatable - Rochalimaea
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bacterial, scratch
bacillary angromatosis - toxin increase capillary size so bleeds excessively
treat - antibiotics - M. avium
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mycobacterium
cause MAC - inhaled, resp attack to systemic - night sweats and fever, attacks bone marrom
prevent with azithromycin - M. tuberculosis
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mycobacerium, airborne
causes TB - very prevalent - 15% cases in HIV+ greatest killer
treat: isoniazid - Cytomegalovirus
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virus
causes retinitis - blindness
treat: gancyclovir in eye - Human papilloma virus
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virus
skin and mucus membranes - warts and cancer (cervical in women) - J. canyon virus
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virus
affects neurons - causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalitis - neurons demyalated and loss of neuro function (rapid)
no treatment - Varicella zoster
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virus
chicken pox virus - causes shingles
treat with acyclovir to reduce but not eradicate - Epstein Barr
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virus
causes non-Hodgekins lymphoma or primary lymphoma of the brain
treat: chemo
Also hairy leukoplakia - not fatal - Herpes
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virus
Kaposi Sarcoma HV
infects internal parts of body and thus hard to treat - HIV
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AIDS Dementia Complex: HIV can infect neurons and cross blood-brain barrier - apathy, loss of interest in one's surroundings and the like. Later symptoms involve cognitive and motor problems. Memory loss, as well as mobility problems, may happen as well
Peripheral neuropathy: infection of peripheral nerves resulting in: severe, burning, aching pain in the feet and legs, which may prevent walking. This syndrome is a result of the degeneration of the nerves responsible for conducting impulses to the extremities