ACNM - Herbal Med 2
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- Name 2 carminitive herbs with high volatile oil content.
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1. Chamomile
2. Peppermint - How would mustard oil (Brasica nigra) be used.
- As a poultice
- What conditions would call for the use of mustard oil?
- Pain and inflammation
- What are the main actions of mustard oil.
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1. Rubefacient
2. Cyanagenic - What is the general formula for volatile oils?
- (C5 H8)2`
- How do resins work?
- They are antiseptic to the skin and mucous membranes.
- What part of astragalas do you use?
- Root
- What class of volatile oils, resins can be classed as antiseptic and depurative?
- Alcohols - monoterpenes
- Which Lamiaceae herb are carminitive and vasodilatory?
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1. Lavender
2. Rosemary - What is the best way to take gums and mucilages?
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1. In capsule form
2. Dried on food with lots of water to follow - How will a mucilaginous herb sooth a cough?
- They are demulcents and as such sooth a cough with its soothing, protective, cooling and healing actions on mucous membranes.
- What are the main actions of echinacea?
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1. immune modulating / enhancing
2. Depurative
3. Anti-inflammatory
4. Anti-viral
5. Anti-bacterial
6. Anti-fungal - What are the contraindications for horseradish?
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1. Diahorroea
2. Can be toxic if taken in large doses
3. Can cause blisters if used topically for a long time - Name some members of the laminacaea family that contain volatile oils.
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1. lavender
2. peppermint
3. rosemary
4. hyssop - Propilys can cause allergic reactions in some sensitive patients. What reactions do they cause?
- Skin rashes and brochospasms
- Why cant you put volvatile / diuretic herbs on your skin if you have a kidney infection.
- Volatile oils are absorbed by the skin and as such end up in the blood stream and then being filtered by the kidney for excretion in the urine. The volatile oil will furthr exacerbate the infected kidney inflammation.
- Name some herbs rich in sulphur.
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1. Garlic
2. Echinacea
3. Marigold - What part of the Brasica nigra plant is used.
- Seeds
- What part of the Spirulina plant is used?
- Whole plant
- Name a herb tht would be contraindicated for REFLUX.
- Peppermint
- Name a herb tht would be contraindicated for KIDNEY WEAKNESS.
- Juniper
- Name a herb tht would be contraindicated for ACUTE INFECTION.
- Astragalas
- Name a herb tht would be contraindicated for PREGNANCY & LACTATION.
- Poke Root
- What are two actions of Phytolacca americana (Poke Root)?
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1. Alterative
2. Depurative - What is the dosage for Poke Root?
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It is a major low dose herb.
1:5 tincture - 0.15-0.6ml day
1:10 tincture - 0.2-0.6ml TDS
Decoction - 0.06-0.3gr - What are two actions of chorella and propilys?
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1. Immunostimulatng
2. Antioxidant - Wht are the mechanisms through which volatile oil constituents are absorbed through the body from inhalation and topical applications?
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1. Olfactory
2. Lymph - Define a volatile oil.
- Volatile oils are found in many plants and are responsible for the scent of plants containing it.
- Describe the chemistry of volatile oils.
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1. they are not chemically related to vegetable or fixed oils which are lipids
2. they are only slightly soluble in water but are lipid soluble
3. they are readily absorbed into the skin and their lipid solubility means they are distributed widely in the body
4. some of their constituents are metabolised in the liver, otheres in the kidney and lungs - What are the chemical types of volatile oils?
- They are mixtures of hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds such as alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers and esters. A small number also contain sulphur.
- What is the difference between volatile and fixed oils.
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1. Fixed oils will not evaporate - volatile oils do
2. Volatile oils heat at lower temperatures - What role does the volatile oil play in the living plant?
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1. Protection
2. Attract bird and animals
3. Hormone precursors for ripening fruit etc
4. Activation of metabolism in the plant
5. Excretion of toxins from the plant - List some plant families which are high in volatile oils.
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1. Lamiaceae
2. Apiaceae
3. Myrtaceae
4. Rutaceae
5. Asteraceae
6. Imbellifereae
7. Conifers - What are the medical actions of volatile oils?
- They have very strong antibacterial activity.
- Name four actions of Astragalas,
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1. Immune enhancing
2. Adaptogenic
3. Tonic
4. Cardiotonic - Volatile oils rich in diuretic herbs should not be used in which condition?
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1. Kidney infection
2. Didney disease - What is the common allergic reaction of Propilys?
- Skin rash
- What is the main action of the Brassicaceae family?
- 1. Anticancer
- What are the contradictions of peppermint?
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1. Oesophageal reflux
2. Should not be applied topically as it can burn - What is the Latin name for Myrrh?
- Commiphora molmol
- What is the Latin name for Horseradish?
- Amoracia rusticana
- What is the Latin name for Poke root?
- Phytolacca americana
- What is the Latin name for Kava Kava?
- Pipermethysticum
- What is the Latin name for Caynene?
- Capsicum frutescens
- What is the Latin name for Hyssop?
- Hyssop officinalis
- What is the Latin name for Aniseed?
- Pimpinella anisum
- What is the Latin name for Peppermint?
- Mentha piperita
- What is the Latin name for German Chamomile?
- Matricaria recutita
- What is the Latin name for Lemon Balm?
- Melissa officinalis
- What is the Latin name for Lavender?
- Lavendula augustifolia
- What is the Latin name for Garlic?
- Allium sativum
- What is the Latin name for Echinacea?
- Echinacea augustifolia
- What is the Latin name for Astragalas?
- Astragalas membranaceus
- What is the Latin name for Reishi?
- Gandoderma lucida
- What is the Latin name for Psyllium?
- Plantago psyllium
- What is the Latin name for Mulein?
- Verbascum thapsus
- What is the Latin name for Marshmallow?
- Althaea officinalis
- What is the Latin name for Lily of the Valley?
- Convallaria majalis
- What is the Latin name for Black Haw?
- Vilournum prunifolium
- What is the Latin name for White Willow Bark?
- Salica alba
- What is the Latin name for Crampbark?
- Viburnum opulus
- What is the Latin name for Wild Cherry?
- Prunus soritina
- What is the Latin name for Devils Claw
- Harpagophytum procumbens
- What is the Latin name for Mustard?
- Brassica nigra
- What is the plant family of Astragalas?
- Leguminosae
- What is the plant family of Echinacea?
- Compositae
- What is the plant family of Aniseed?
- Umbelliferae
- What is the plant family of Lemon Balm?
- Lamacenae
- What are 4 major therapeutic actions of volatile oils?
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1. Stimulant
2. Carminitive
3. Diuretic
4. Antiseptic - What is the plant family name of Horseradish (Amoracias rusticana)?
- Cruciferae
- What part of the Horseradish plant is used?
- Young root
- Whar are the major consituents of Horseradish?
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1. Sinifrin
2. Allyl (volatile oil)
3. Isothyocynate - What are the main actions of Horseradish?
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11. Decongestant
2. Stimulant
3. Rubefacient
4. Aperient
5. Diuretic
6. Antiseptic
7. Antibiotic - What are some medicinal uses of Horseradish?
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1. Coughs and colds
2. Pain and inflammation
3. Poor appetite
4. Oedema
5. Infection - What are the dosages for Horseradish?
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3-20gr of fresh root per day
Tincture - 6-18ml per day - What are the contraindications of Horseradish?
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1. Diahorreoa
2. Toxic in large doses - What is Propolis?
- A resinous substance collected by bees from the leaf buds and bark of trees, expecially poplar and conifer trees.
- What are the actions of Propolis?
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1. Anti-viral
2. Anti-bacterial
3. Antibiotic
4. antioxidant
5. Hepatoprotective
6. Anti-inflammatory
7. Anti-cancer