radcards MSK radiology
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- ddx: osteopenia
-
HOMO
hyperparathyroidism
osteomalacia
multiple myeloma
osteoporosis - ddx: osteoporosis
-
senile
endocrine - thyroid, adrenal
drugs - steroids, heparin
malabsorption
renal failure
liver failure
alcohol - ddx: juvenile osteoporosis
-
idiopathic
renal disease
hypercotisolism
homocystinuria
osteogenesis imperfecta
mastocytosis
drugs - heparin, steroids, dilantin
JRA
radiation
leukemia
*pearl* osteopenic spine in a kid think leukemia, OI, JRA or steroids - what are the two types of stress fractures and how do they differ
-
insufficiency fractures: breaks in abnormal bone under normal force
fatigue fractures: breaks in normal bone that has been put under extreme force - ddx: joint effusion in a kid
-
infection
transient synovitis
legg-calve-perthes
hemophilia
early JRA - ddx: ivory vertabrae
-
CLOMP
carcinoid
lypmphoma
osteoblastic mets
mastocytosis
paget's - ddx: osteoblastic mets
-
5 Bs Lick Pollen
bronchogenic ca (carcinoid)
bladder ca
breast ca
brain ca (medulloblastoma, GBM)
bowel ca (mucinous, carcinoid)
lymphoma
prostate ca - ddx: multiple bone lesions
-
FEEMHI
fibrous dysplasia
EG
enchondroma
mets/myeloma
hyperparathyroidism/hemophilia
infection - what are the rheumatoid mimics
-
PAIR
psoriasis
ankylosing spondylitis
inflammatory bowel disease
reiter's - what are the causes of premature osteoarthritis
-
COME CHAT
CPPD
ochronosis
marfan's syndrome
epiphyseal dysplasia
charcot joint
hemophilia/hemochromatosis
acromegaly
trauma (infection, injury) - what are gout mimics
-
American Roentgen Ray Society, Hoorah
amyloid
rheumatoid (cystic form)
reticular histiocytosis
sarcoid
hyperlipidemia - what are the causes of monoarthritis
-
CRISTA
crystal disease (gout, CPPD)
rheumatoid
infection
synovial disease (PVNA, synovial osteochondromatosis)
trauma
amyloid - ddx: acro-osteolysis
-
S/P THR
scleroderma
psoriasis
trauma/thermal injury
hyperparathyroidism
raynaud's -
ddx: metaphyseal irregularity
(aka rickets mimics) -
CHARMS
congenital infection
hypophosphatasia
achondroplasia
rickets
metaphyseal chondrodysplasia
scurvy - ddx: hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
-
bronchogenic ca
chronic disease of the lung
cyanotic heart disease
cirrhosis
IBD
thryoid acropachy
vascular insufficicency
pachydermoperiostosis - ddx: diffuse increase in bone density (mnemonic 1)
-
Regular Sex Makes Occasional Perversions Much More Pleasurable And Fantastic
renal osteodystrophy
sickle cell
myelofibrosis
osteopetrosis
pyknodysostosis
mets
mastocytosis
paget's
athlete
fluorosis - ddx: diffuse increase in bone density (mnemonic 2)
-
MARBLE
myelofibrosis/mastocytosis
anemia
renal osteodystrophy
blastic mets
lymphoma
enigmas - pagets, osteopetrosis, pyknodysostosis, tuberous sclerosis, fluorosis - how do you tell apart causes of diffuse increased density
-
look for:
hyperparathyroidism - renal cause
small spleen - sickle cell
big spleen - mastocytosis or myelofibrosis
bone within bone - osteopetrosis
acro-osteolysis - pyknodysostosis
mixed with destruction - met
expanded bone - paget's - ddx: wormian bones
-
HR COPD
hypoparathyroidism
rickets (healing)
cleidocranial dysostosis
osteogenesis imperfecta
pyknodysostosis
down's - ddx: vertebra plana
-
FILES
fracture
infection
leukemia/lymphoma
EG/ewing's
sickle cell - dx: diastatic sutures
-
HRCHOP
hypoparathyroidism
rickets
cleinocranial dysostosis
hypophosphatasia
osteogenesis imperfecta
prematurity - ddx: punched out hole in the head
-
MFTHOLE
met
fibrous dysplasia
trauma
histiocytosis/hemangioma
osteomyelitis
leptomeningeal cyst
epidermoid/dermoid - ddx: short radius
-
cornelia de lange syndrome
holt-oram syndrome
fanconi's anemia
TAR syndrome
trauma - ddx: scoliosis
-
NF
osteoma
radiation (at young age)
arthrogryposis
developmental abnormality (myelomeningocele, CP, marfan's)
*pearl* remember 85% of scoliosis is idiopathic - ddx: dwarfism
-
3 rhizo, 2 acro, 1 meso, 2 general
3 rhizomelic
achondroplasia - interpedicular distance narrows
thanatrophoric - lethal so usually post-mortem film of a fetus
spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia - platyspondyly, deformed femoral heads
2 acromelic
jeune syndrome - small chest
chrondroectodermal dysplasia
1 mesomelic
campomelia
2 generalized
osteogenesis imperfecta - bowed bones
mucopolysaccharidosis - ddx: bowing of bones
-
child:
osteogenesis imperfecta
fibrous dysplasia
NF
adult:
add paget's - ddx: short metacarpals
-
Ping Pong Is Tough To Teach or HIT MITT
hypoparathyroidism (incl. pseudoforms)
idiopathic
trauma
turner's
trisomy 13, 18 - ddx: erlenmeyer flask deformity
-
TOPDOG
thalassemia
oseopetrosis
pyle's disease (metaphyseal dysplasia)
diaphyseal aclasia
ollier's disease
gaucher's disease - ddx: osteoarthritis at the glenohumeral joint
-
CANT
CPPD
acromegaly
neuropathic
trauma - ddx: madelung deformity
-
dyschondroosteosis
diaphyseal aclasia
trauma
idiopathic
turner's - ddx: cysts at a joint
-
I CHAT
infection
CPPD
hyperpara/hemophilia/hemochromatosis
acromegaly
trauma (including neuropathic) - approach to foot abnormality
-
look at calcaneus: should be dorsiflexed on lat and form angle with talus on AP
- if plantar then EQUINUS
- if parallel to talus then VARUS
look at forefoot - MTs should just abut one another on AP
- if overlapping then forefut VARUS
- if spread then forefoot VALGUS - ddx: demineralization and djd
-
hemophilia
osteomyelitis
rheumatoid/reiter's
scleroderma
SLE - ddx: axial migration of hips
-
PROT C
paget's
renal disease
osteogenesis imperfecta
trauma
CPPD - ddx: gracile bones
-
JRA
osteogenesis imperfecta
NF - ddx: focal overgrowth of limb
-
NF
proteus syndrome
macrodystrophica lipomatosa
kippel-trenauy-weber - ddx: posterior vertebral body scalloping
-
NO MAAM
NF
osteogenesis imperfecta
marfan's
achrondoplasia
acromegaly
mucopolysaccharidosis - ddx: wide interpedicular distance
-
fracture
dysraphism
spinal canal tumor
syrinx
AVM - list characteristics of mucopolysaccharidoses
-
osteopenia
vertebral deformities (hook shaped lumbar vertebral bodies)
scoliosis
mickey mouse iliac bones
short limbs
short metacarpals - what are the classic findings in cleidocranial dysostosis
-
abnormal clavicle (absent or hypoplastic)
multiple epiphyses
wormian bones
open symphysis pubis - what are the peak ages for ewing's and osteosarcoma
-
ewing's - 11 y
osteosarc - 14 y - what is the most common type of craniosynostosis
- dolichocephaly
- name the causes of craniosynostosis
-
primary:
idiopathic
crouzon's
apert's
secondary:
cerebral atrophy
anemia
healing rickets
hucopolysaccharidosis
hyperthyroidism