Module 9: Vital Signs
Terms
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- Thermoregulation
- balance between heat lost and heat produced in the body
- Average Axillary Temperature
- 97.7
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- occurs when a normotensive patient develops symptoms and low BP when rising to an upright position
- Frostbite
- occurs when the body is exposed to subnormal temperatures, ice crystals form inside the cells, and permanant circulatory damage occurs
- Hypothermia
- heat loss during prolonged exposure to cold overwhelms the body's ability to produce heat causing hypothermia > 100.2
- Pyrexia of Fever
- occurs because heat-loss mechanisms are unable to keep pace with excess heat production resulting in abnormal rise in body temp
- Blood Pressure
- the force exerted on the walls of an artery by the pulsing blood under pressure from the heart
- Average Pulse
- 60-100 BPM
- Afebrile
- when the fever breaks
- Hematocrit
- percentage of RBCs in the blood determines blood viscosity
- Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
- heat produced by the body at absolute rest
- Diffusion
- movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the RBCs
- Auscultatory Gap
- temporary dissappearance of sound when taking a patient's BP
- Heat Exhaustion
- profuse diaphoresis results in excess water and electrolyte loss
- Shivering
- involuntary body response to temperature differences in the body, aids in heat production by the body
- Fever of Unkown origins FUO
- fever whose etiology *cause* cannot be determined
- Core Temperature
- temperature of the deep tissue
- Heatstroke
- dangerous heat emergency with a high mortality rate
- Hypotension
- too low BP when the systolic BP falls to 90 mmhg or lower
- Average Rectal Temperature
- 99.5
- Radiation
- the transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of another without direct contact between the two
- Celsius
- ( F - 32) x 5/9
- Febrile
- destruction of bacteria by antibodies third phase of this episode
- Diaphoresis
- visible persperation primarily occuring on the forehead and upper thorax
- Systolic Pressure
- contraction
- Diastolic Pressure
- relaxation of the ventricles
- Pyrogens
- bacteria and viruses that elevate the body temp
- Hyperthermia
- elevated temperature related to the body's inability to promote heat loss or reduce heat production < 96.8
- Pulse Pressure
- difference between systolic and diastolic
- Dysrhythmia
- interval interupted by an early or late beat or a missed beat
- Nonshivering Thermogenesis
- occurs primarily in neonates where a limited amount of vascular brown tissue is metabolized for heat production
- Hypertension
- high blood pressure
- Respirations
- 12-20
- Antipyretics
- drugs that reduce fever
- Average BP
- <120/80
- Tachycardia
- abnormally elevated HR
- Malignant Hyperthermia
- hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production occuring when susceptible persons receive certain anesthetic drugs
- Conduction
- the transfer of heat from one object to another with direct contact.
- Bradycardia
- slow rate below 60 BPM in adults
- Perfusion
- distrubution of RBCs to and from the pulmonary capillaries
- Average Oral Temperature
- 98.6
- Ventilation
- movement of gases in and out of the lungs
- Hypothalamus
- located between the two hemispheres controls the body's temperature
- Fahrenheit
- ( 9/5 x C ) + 32
- Convection
- transfer of heat away by air movement
- Cardiac Output
- product of the HR and the SV