Microbiology final exam part 2
Terms
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- What is cell-mediated immunity?
- involves T-Cells (specialized lymphocytes) that act against foreign organisms or tissues = like rejecting an organ
- immunoglobulins are...
- proteins
- What are the 5 types of C regions on an antibody?
-
IgG
IgM
IgA
IgD
IgE - What is a vaccine?
- Killed, inactivated, or attenuated (weakened) microorganisms, or toxoids, to induce artificially acquired active immunity.
- development of disease
- pathogenesis
- colonization of the body by pathogens
- Infection
- Disease
- An abnormal state in which the body is not functioning normally
- Etiology
- Study of the cause of a disease
- Pathology
- study of disease
- how long is transient microbiota present?
- Days weeks or months
- How long is normal microbiota present?
- Permanent colonization of the host
- symbiosis is...
- the relationship between normal microbiota and the host
- commensalism (in microbiota)
- one organism benefits, other unaffected
- Mutualism
- both organisms benefit
- parasitism
- one organism benefits at the expense of another
- What kind or pathogens are some normal microbiota?
- opportunistic
- Normal microbiota protect the host by
-
occupying niches that pathogens might occupy
producing acids
producing bacteriocins - Probiotics
- are live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to exert a beneficial effect.
- bacteriocins are:
- an antimicrobial peptide produced by bacteria that kills other bacteria
- WHy are Koch's postulates used?
- to prove the cause of an infectious disease
- incidence
- Fraction of a population that contracts a disease during a specific time
- Prevalence
- Fraction of a population having a specific disease at a given time
- Sporadic disease
- disease that occurs occasionally in a population
- T cells are involved in
- cells mediated immunity