Immobility
Terms
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- What is mobility?
- abaility to move around freely in the environment
- What 3 body systems must function to maintain normal physican mobility?
- nervous, muscular, skeletal
- What can immobility be a result of?
-
health problems - injuries, surgeries
Therapeutic - cast, traction, restraint - What is bed rest?
- intervention where person restricted to bed for thera peutic reasons
- What does bed rest do?
- reduces phys. act. and oxy. needs of body, prevent further injury, client can rest and regain strength
- What is partially mobile?
- motor or sensory impairment in region of body or therapeutic restriction
- What are the two types of Loss of mobility?
- temporary or permanent
- What are some effects of immobility?
- systemic and functional, no system immune, gradual or immediate
- What are some metabolic changes from immobility?
- decreased BMR, loss of body mass, you metabolize food differently
- What is the effect of immobility of the GI tract?
- increased risk of constipation and impaction
- What are some respiratory changes from immobility?
- lowered hemoglobin and lung expansion, muscle weakness - more labored breathing, stasis of secretions
- What are some cardiovascular changes from immobility?
- orthostatic hypertension, increased cardiovascular workload - higher pulse, pulmonary emboli
- Musculoskeletal changes from immobility?
- loss of muscle, stability and balance, strength and indurance
- skeletal changes from immobility?
- joint contracture, disuse osteoporosis
- What is joint contracture?
- shortening of tendons and fibers around a joing resulting in permanent loss of movement
- What is joint contracture char. by?
- flexion and fixation caused by disure, atrophy and shortening of muscle fibes surrounding joint tissue
- What are some integument changes from immobility?
- skin breakdown, pressure ulcers
- Where are some main sites where pressure ulcers form?
- coccyx-sacral region, heels, elbows, back of head, etc. bony regions
- How many stages are there to a pressure ulcer?
- 4
- What is the first stage of a pressure ulcer?
- nonblanchable erythema of intact skin
- What is the 2nd stage of a pressure ulcer?
- partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis and/or dermis
- What is the 3rd stage of a pressure ulcer?
- full thickness skin loss involving damage or necrosis of subQ tissue
- What is the 4th stage of a pressure ulcer?
- Full thinkness skin loss occurs with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis, damage to muscle, bone or supporting structure
- What are urinary elimination changes from immobility?
- risk of UTI, stones, incontinence
- What causes urinary stasis
- recumbent position from immobility
- What are some psychosocial effects from immobility?
- depression, behavioral changes, changes in sleep wake cycle, impaired coping
- What are some developments aspects of immobility in the older adult?
- increased phys dependence accelerates functional loss in physiological system
- What should you encourage in older adults with any form of immobility?
- performing self-care as much as possible