BIOSCIENCE 15- TEST 2
Terms
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- cell membrane
- "fluid mosaic model"
- cell membrane made of...
- phospholipid bilayers
- selectively permeable
- decides what goes in/out
- non-polar molecules
-
pass through easily
ie oil - non-polar molecules=
- no charge & doesnot dissolve in water
- peripheral proteins
- proteins located outside of cell membrane
- integral proteins
-
proteins remain inside:
channel-pore proteins
carrier proteins
recognition proteins
receptor proteins - recognition proteins
- act as identification & defense mechanism-destroys molecules that it doesnt recognize
- diffusion & osmosis:
-
concentration-1% or 10%
gradient
osmosis - osmosis:
- the movement of a water molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane
- osmotic pressure
- water moving up because of osmosis
- solute
-
what is dissolved in water
ie sugar - solvent
- the solution created from the solute
- hypotonic solution contains...
- less concentration of solute (water enters)
- hypertonic solution
- has higher concentration of solute (water leaves)
- isotonic solution
-
has even concentration
(water doesnt move) - cell lysis
- cell breaks
- turgor pressure
- water goes in & causes stuff to swell
- plasmolysis
- when plant cells are placed in hypertonic solution & cell shrinks
- passive transport
- everything moves from high to low
- active transport
- moves from low to high
- cyrosis
- how large molecules are transported
- exocytosis
- out
- indocylosis
- in
-
cell cycle:
interphase - period of growth but not dividing (90%)
-
cell cycle:
cell division -
a. nuclear division (mitosis)-nucleus divides
b. cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis)-rest of cell divids
c. dna replication - chromosomes
-
(46) in form of DNA & protein (chromatin)
-number must remain constant in the nucleus - homologous chromosome
- pairs where both are the same (23 pairs of chromosomes)
- sex cells have...
- (sperm & egg) have half the number of chromosomes and come together to make baby
- interphase
- DNA replicates