Mythology first set
Terms
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- Myth
- A traditional story originating in a pre-literate society, dealing with supernatural beings, ancestors, or heroes that serve as primordial types in a view of the world.
- Legend
- Involves historical or quasi-historical figures, can divine forces.
- Saga
- Connected series of legendary tales
- Folktale
- Shorter, primarily oral, designed to entertain; fantasy/magic rather than divine forces
- Urban Legend
- Variants, happens at failiar places/people. Based on true events. Reflect anxieties
- Aetiology/Etiology
- Explanation of the cause or origin of something.
- Theodicy
- a vindication of the justice of God in allowing evil to exist.
- Autochthonous
- Arising from the earth itself
- Epithet
- An adjective or descriptive noun phrase attached to a hero or god and expressing some quality or relation appropriate to that figure
- Attribute
- A conventional symbol of office, character or identity attached to any particular figure
- Panhellenic
- Cult site or institution which is considered the common property of all Greek-speaking peoples
- Chrselephantine
- Constructed of of gold and ivory
- Sacred Marraige
- A ritual reenactment of a divine union between male and female principles or a mythic representation of such a union
- Apotropaic
- Designed to avert or turn away evil.
- Heroic Nudity
- male gods and heroes usually depicted nude
- Theory of Archetypes
- Collective Unconscious
- Palladium
- Statue of Athena or statue made by Athena, located in Troy; the loss of this statue will mean the loss of the city
- aegis
- Tasseled shield of Zeus, stongely associated with Athena in visual art
- Peplos
- Robe or Gown
- Collective Unconcious
- The shared associations and memories of all human beings, reflected in the universal recognition of archetypes
- Archetype
- A primordial character, image, or narrative motif which recurs throughout human culture
- Greater Dionysia
- Spring Festival
- Lenaea
- Winter Festival
- Syncretism
- The attempt or tendency to reconcile two different sets of religious or philosophical beliefs
- Agora
- Locations of Hermes' temple (marketplace)
- Herm
- Statue of Hermes used to mark boundaries by Athenians, Consists of bearded male head topping a square pillar, on the pillar halfway down is an erect phallus. Aprotropaic
- Epiphany
- The manifestation of a god in the sight of mortals
- Oracles
- Delphi and Dodona- oracle of Hermes at pharae in maretplace
- Divination
- Interpreting bire/weather/animal signs
- Haruspicy
- practice of taking omens by consulting entrails of newly slaughtered animals or birds
- Augur
- Roman religious official who interpreted divine responses to proposals or events based on omens
- Auspices
- Roman term for falling under the jurisdiction of the augurs
- Hermeneutics
- Science and methodology of interpretation, especially interpretation of sacred texts.
- Thyrsus
- Staff decorated with ivy, vines or ribbons and topped with a pine cone
- Silenus
- Old satyrs, pathetic side of drunkeness
- Satyrs
- Half animal phallic creatures
- Maenads
- Women maddend in service of Dionysus
- Sparagamos
- Ripping apart wild animals
- Omophagy
- eating raw flesh
- Orpheus
- Legendary poet of Thrace with magical ability to charm plants and animals
- Thesmorphoros
- 'lawgiver' cult title of Demeter in Athens
- Plutus
- God of Wealth, Child of Demeter
- Triptolemus
- Eleusinian disciple of goddess who teaches mankind agriculture and the worship of Demeter. AKA Deophoon
- Arion
- Magical horse, child of demeter and poseidon
- Erysichthon
- Thessalian mortal punished by hunger for violating grove sacred to Demeter
- Pales
- God of Flocks
- Robigo/Robigus
- God of Rust
- Vertumnus
- Deity of indeterminate force and changing of natural seasons
- Pomona
- Wife of Verumnus, Nymph of orchards
- Psyche
- Soul
- Imagines
- Special sites; offerings to the dead
- Pythagoras
- Propounds theory of transmigration of souls (Reincarnation)
- Epicurus
- Soul made up of atoms and perishes with the body
- Mystery Cult
- A cult characterized by rites which were secret except to duly initiated worshippers
- Mystai
- Greek word for worshippers admitted to such rights
- Cult of Demetr/Kore at Eleusis
- Sponsored by the city of Athens, open to anyone. Held annually in fall for nine days, international truce.
- Hiera
- Sacred Objects
- Dromena
- Things enacted/done
- Legomena
- Things said
- Deiknymena
- Things revealed
- Orphism (Followers of teachings attributed to 'Orpheus'
- Orpheus, legendary poet. Centered around writings, not rituals; worshippers take writings into tomb with them.
- Cult of Cabiri at Samothrace
- Cabriri-identity unknown. Twins sometimes associated with Castor and pollux. Held in Samothrace
- Mithraism (Worshippers of Mithra, Persain god of light)
- Comes to Greece via soldiers of Alexander the Great, minor cult until adopted by Roman Legions. Only open ot men. Rites held in caves and worshippers ascend through seven grades of initiation named for seven planets. Central figure: Mithras killing bull
- Isis-Cult: Isis
- Ancient Egyptian Goddess. Universal Goddess
- Osiris
- Brother-Husband of Isis. Underworld God. Killed by Set and restored to life by Isis
- Horus
- Son of Isis
- Set
- Enemy of Osiris