PA 2008- Patho ch. 1
Terms
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- What is Pathophysiology
- Physiology of altered health. Pathology deals with structuraland functional changes in cells tissues and organs of the body that causes or are caused by disease.
- what does Patho deals with?
- with the functions of the human body. with the cellular and organ changes that occur with disease as well as the effects these changes have on the body.
- Difference of Family practice vs Internal Medicine Model
- Family practice includes children, whereas Internal Medicine deals with adults.
- What is the primary focus of primary care?
- To promote prevention of disease
- Leading causes of death in the 1900 & give examples
- Infections. Mainly Pneumonia, tuberculosis, diarrhea and enteritis (17)
- Leading causes of death today
- Heart disease, cancer, and stroke (17)
- Edward Jenner (1749-1823)
- discovered small pox vaccination. Jenner's classic experiment was the first officially recorded vaccination. (7)
- Joseph Lister 1865
- Concluded that microbes caused wound infections. (7)
- Florence Nightingale (1820- 1910)
- English nurse that was a leading proponent of sanitation and hygiene as weapons against disease. (7)
- Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
- Introduced the method to prevent the souring of wine. Techniques of pasteurization was named after him. (8)
- Robert Koch (1843- 1919)
- Discovered the anthrax bacillus wich was the first microorganism identified as a cause of illness. His work included ID the organism responsible for TB and the discovery of TB skin-testing material. (8)
- Wilhelm Rontgen (1845- 1923)
- German phsicist that discovered x rays. For the first time w/o a catastrophic event, the most hidden parts of a human body were revealed.
- Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915)
- German bacteriologist theorized that certain substances could act as "magic bullets," attacking disease-causing microbes but leaving the rest of the body undamaged. In 1910- discovery: using the arsenic compound Salvarsan, he had found an effective weapon against syphilis.
- Alexander Fleming (1881-1955)
- english bacteriologist that discovered the first antibiotic in 1928 by studing the relationship between bacterial and the mold penicillium
- Discovery of insulin
- Candian physician Sir Frederick Banting adn physiologist Charles Best isolated insulin form the pancreas of a dog in 1921
- Etiology and pathogenesis definition
- Etiology describes what sests the disease process in motion, and pathogenesis, how the disease process evolves.
- Signs and symptoms
- describes the structural and functional changes that accompany a disease. Symptom: subjective complaint noted by the person with a disorder. Sign: manifestation that is noted by an observer.
- Acute disorder
- one that is relatively severe, but self-limiting
- Chronic disease
- implies a continuous, long-term process
- subacute disease
- inermediate or between acute and chronic
- Morbidity and mortality (M&M)
-
information about the functional effects, the effects an illness has on a person's life (morbidity) and death-producing (mortality characteristics of disease
Mortality statistics provide info about the trends in the health of a population. - The Framigham Study
- Longitudinal study, which began in 1950, was set up by the U.S. Public Health Service to study the characteristics of people who would later develop coronary heart disease.
- Levels of prevention
-
Primary: actions aimed at prevention of disease
Secondary: actions aimed at early detection and prompt treatment of desease
Tertiary: treatment and rehabilitation measures aimed at preventing further progress of the disease.