History Exam
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Terms
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- New World Crops
- Foods discovered durign the colonization of the Americas(part of the Columbian Exchange)
- Sun King
- Name of King Louis XIV, the most powerful ruler in french History
- New Model Army
- Soldiers are full-time professionals. Not representatives of any particular religious or political group. Oliver Cromwell and his New Model Army defeated the Cavaliers and took King Charles Prisoner.
- The Thirty Year's War(1618-1648)
- A european conflcit over religion and territory and for power among ruling families, lasting from 1618 to 1648
- John Cabot
- An explorer. Born in italy. ended up in England. Sent by King Henry VII to find a northern route to Asia across the Atlantic. Instesad he landed in Eastern Canada. Disappeared on a later voyage.
- Line of Demarcation
- An imaginary line drawn through the Atlantic Ocean. Lands to the west of the line belonged to Spain(including most of the Americas)-Lands ast of the line would belong to Portugal.
- Junkers
- Prussia's land owning nobility
- Frederick II
- "Frederick The Great"-1712-1786;King of Prussia, aggressive in foreign affairs. Used military to increase power. Encouraged religious tolerance and legal reform.
- Hernando Cortes
- A spanish explorer who landed in mexico in 1519. He led the conquistadors and conquered the Aztecs in 1521. Carved out colonies in regions that would become South America, Mexico, and the U.S.
- Daimyo
- A japanese fuedal lord who commanded a private army of samurai.
- Pocahontas
- American Indian woman who is said to have prevented the execution of Captain John Smith
- Absolutism
- The poltiical belief that one ruler should hold all of the power within the boundaries of a country
- Catholic
- A type of Christianity that developed from the Christianity of the Romn Empire. Dominated religious life in Northern and western Europe by the tenth century.
- Islam
- A religionbased on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad founded in Southwest Asia in the early 600's
- Hundred years War
- 1337-1453.A series of wars between England and France in which kings fight for control of France.
- Nobility(Ranks)
- Duke, prince, marquese, count, viscount, baron
- Peter The Great
- Czar Peter I;An absolute ruler, he brought weatern idea's to Russia to make it more powerful. He also increased the power of the Czar and reduced the power of the great land-owners(boyars)
- Inca
- The people of: An Empire in peru. Overthrown by F. Pizarro of Spain in 1533.
- Aztecs
- A native people of Mexico. When they were conquered by Cortes their King was Montezuma. Their capital was Tenochtitlan.
- Kabuki
- A kind of Japanese alrama in which music, dance, and mine are used to present stories.
- Vernacular
- The every day language of people in a region or country
- Islamic Empire
- Three great empires in history-The Ottomans in turkey, The Safauds in persia, The Mughals in India.
- Renaissance
- A period of European History during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far reaching changes in art, learning, and views of theworld.
- Protestantism
- A branch of Christianity founded 16th Century Europe in protest against the beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church
- Columbin Exchange
- The global transfer of Plants, animals, and diseases that occured during the European colonization of the Americas.
- humanism
- A renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focussed on human portential and achievements.
- Triangular Trade
- The transatlantic trading network along which slaves and other oods were carried between Africa, England, Europe, the west Indies, and the colonies in the Americas.
- Sultan
- "overlord". The title for ottoman rulers during the rise of the Ottoman empire
- Secular
- Concerned with wordly rather than spiritual matters
- Spanish Armada
- A group about 130 ships carrying 19,000 soldiers sent by philp II to the English channel to punish Elizabeth I and Protestant England. The English fleet defeated the Spanish Armada.
- Pre-Columbian
- Pretaining to the Americas before the arrival of Columbus
- Boyars
- Landowning nobles of Russia
- Prince Henry
- "The Navigator". Son of Portugl's King. organized voyages along the west coast of Africa and made Portugal first country to have trading posts there.
- Perspective
- An arrtistic technique that creates the appearance of three dimensions on a flat surface.
- Austria
- A country in Central Europe. It is crossed by the Alps. The Capital is Vienna.
- Shogun
- A militaryleader who would be a sole ruler inlands of Japan.
- Lost Colony of Roanoke Island
- A colony set up by navigators for Sir Walter Rateigh. In 1591, another group come to find all of the colonists gone. No one knows what happened.
- Taoism
- A philosophy promoting a life of simplicity and naturalness in order to acheive harmony founded byu Lao-Tzu
- Sulieman
- Suleyman the Magnificent. Ruled the Ottoman Empire for 46 years. He was a great military leadr and created an efficent government and code of laws.
- east Indies
- Indonesia;Explored by the Portuguese andother EUropean countries to set up trading routes. Included the SPice Islands.
- The War of Austrian Succession
- A conflict that arose when Frederick II of Prussia wanted to tke the Austrian Land of Silesia from Queen Maria Theresa of Austria
- Queen Elizabeth
- Became Queen of England in 1588. Restored the Protestant Church. set up the Anglican Church-Church of England
- Predistination
- The doctrine that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be eternally saved.
- Haiku
- A japanese form of poetry. 4 unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables.
- French and Indian War
- A conflict betwene Britain and France for control of territory in North America, lasting from 1754 to 1763
- Puritans
- A group of people who sought freedom from religious persecution in England by founding a colony at Massachusetts Bay in the early 1600s.
- War of Spanish Sucession
- A conflict lasting from 1701 to 1713, in which a number of European states fought to prevent the Bourbon family from controlling Spain as well as France.
- Perspective
- An art technique that creates the appearance of 3 dimensions on a flat surface