Experiential Family Therapy
Terms
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- Family Sculpture
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Each family member arranges the others in a meaningful tableau.
This portrays each person's perceptions of the family in terms of space, attitude, and posture.
Can be used to depict past scenes which would depict family life. - Family Art Therapy
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Each family draws pictures of themselves as a family.
This uncovers rules and roles in family. - Family Puppet Interviews
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A family member uses puppets to make-up a story.
This is a vehicle for expression and for highlighting conflicts and alliances.
Mostly used w/ children. - Role Playing
- Based on the premise that experience, to be real, must be felt and exposed in the present.
- Gestalt Therapy Techniques
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Empty-chair work done to intensify emotional experiencing by bringing memories into focus and by acting-out suppressed reactions.
Intervention done when a significant family member is not present in the session. - Satir attempted to help families become aware of
- ...unwritten rules that retard growth and maturity.
- The experiential family therapist believes that change resides in
- ...non-rational therapeutic experience.
- The goal of experiential family therapy is to...
- ...encourage individuation and personal integrity for family members and at the same time help the members evolve a greater sense of famly belonging.
- Styles of communication under stress (according to Satir)...
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Placater
Blamer
Super-reasonable
Irrelevant - Satir tries to help the family member:
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1. Speak for himself
2. Accept differing opinions
3. Say what they see, think, and feel in order to bring disagreements into the open. - Experiential family therapists goal:
- ...helps to catalyze the family's drive towards growth and the fulfillment of the individual members potential.
- Experiential family therapists goal...
- ...is to maintain, simultaneously a sense of togetherness and healthy separation and autonomy.
- Assessment Procedures
- Unstructured; search for suppressed fellings and impulses that block growth and fulfillment
- Key Methods of Intervention
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1. Confrontation to provoke self-discovery
2. Self-disclosure by therapist models desired behavior.
3. Exercises (e.g., family sculpting, family reconstruction) to uncover previously unexpressed inner conflicts. - Satir contended that the way the family communicates reflects...
- the feelings of self-worth of its members.
- Satir believed human beings have within them...
- ...all the resources they need to flourish.
- A difference between Whitaker and Satir:
- Whitaker's approach reflected his psychoanalytic beginnings, while Satir's revealed her debt to Carl Rogers and the humanistic movement's striving for fulfillment and self-actualization.
- Satir's approach and Whitaker's approach.
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Satirs approach: Build self-esteem and self-worth. She viewed her task as helping people gain access to their nourishing potentials and to use them effectively.
Whitaker's approach:
To bring enlightenment. He sought a growth-producing experience.