ch 2 Voice
Terms
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- larynx
- the voice box, an instrument capable of wide ranging oral and verbal expression
- Volition
- (motivator>mind body connections). The brain and neurological system send commands to and receive messages from the body, resulting in muscular responses that control various aspects of the vocal process
- respiration
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actuator-breath energy
the muscles and the organs of breathing (trachea, lung,bronchi,diaphragm,ribs and abdominal and back muscles) act in coordination to control the inhalation and emission or air, the fuel for vocal tone - phonation
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vibrator-creation of fundamental tone-
the larynx, or voice box, consists of folds, muscles, ligaments, and cartilages that coordinate airflow, resulting in vibrating vocal folds and fundamental buzz tone - resonation
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resonator>enhancement of tone
the combined resonance cavities, principally the throat, mouth, and nose, act as acoustical secondary vibrators for enhancing the fundamental buzz tone. On a larger scale, the experience of singing in a shower(secondary vibrator) illustrates the effectiveness of a resonant chamber for voice enhancement - articulation
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articulator>shaping of tone into recognizable speech
(tongue,jaw,cheeks,teeth,lips,hard and soft palates,dental ridges) coordinate in producing all the sounds and normally associated with human verbal communication. The only natural instrument equipped with an articulator, the human voice has the capacity to produce a infinately variety of sounds - opera and oratorio
- analogous to dramatic acting and speaking
- recitative and sprechstimme
- because speech and singing are so closely related we begin with a consideration of speech before launching into singing
- vocal fry
- caused by insufficient breath flow and extremely relaxed folds on the lowest audible pitches)
- timbre
- color
- volume
- loudness
- vocal range
- low to high pitches
- epigastrum
- stomach area
- adduction
- vocal folds coming together
- abbduction
- open vocal folds (as when breating)
- tone placement
- often used to refer to physical sensations experienced by singers when the tone seems to be produced freely and easily.
- the most important aspect of tone placement is
- head sensations
- portamento
- the 1-5 interval with a slight sliding pitch