LA Tech- sociology 201
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
-
define:
behaviorism - psychological approach that stresses rewards and punishment
- macro sociological perspective
- larger and more remote interaction
- give examples of american values
- hardwork, justice, freedom, equality, patronism, etc.
-
define:
Mechanical Solidarity -
social relations that are based on simularities
(ex. language, culture, religion) -
define:
game stage - children take the role of multiple others
- who believed that social relations are determined by economic factors(conflict)?
- Karl Marx
-
define:
reliability - findings are consistent with other studies in a field about the same thing
-
define:
concept - an abstraction communicated in worlds that stand for properties that are common to a range of things or events
- correlation
- degree of association
-
define:
values - ideas about what is good, right, or just
- what are the four stages of socialization?
-
1. preparation stage
2. play stage
3. game stage
4. Adult stage -
define:
subcultures -
a small culture that exists within a large culture
(ex. hip hop culture) -
define:
socialization - the lifelong process by wich people learn the values, norms, and roles of culture and thus develop their sense of self
-
define:
cultural bond - ethnic, racial, common interest (business), etc.
-
define:
opportunity culture theory -
-community and socialization proccess that affects one's access to deviant behaviors
-drug dealers in community
-some say most deviant behaviors are spontaneous - father of conflict theory of sociology
- Karl Marx
-
define:
variables - A measurement that varies according to what is measured
- What is Cooley's looking glass self theory?
- our self image results from how we interpret the way other people view us
-
define:
retreatism - reject both goals and means
-
define:
organic solidarity - social relations based on differences and independence
-
define:
functionalist theory of deviance - society is characterized by a high degree of consensus over norms and values. Deviance is anaberration that society seeks to eliminate.
-
define:
primary groups - emotional ties, face to face interaction, commitment
- Micro sociological perspective
- social interaction based on direct contact
-
define:
proletariat - work for wages
-
define:
Labeling theory of deviance - Deviant behavior results from the labels attached to behaviors by other people.
-
define:
hypothesis - theory driven idea about the world that can be tested against observation
-
define:
culture - beliefs, behaviors, and products (anything produced in society) common to members of a particular society
- research model
-
y=x1+x2+......xn+E ex.-
Poverty=edu.+ unemploy.+e
y=dependent variable
x1, x2,...xn=independent variables
E=error term
-
define:
preparation stage - children start to relate to the world around them
- 3 famous sociolologists who wrote about social order
-
-Karl Marx
-Emily Durkenheim
-Max Weber -
define:
Functionalism Theory - Each individual is assigned a role which they perform. Society has different roles.
-
define:
secondary group - larger and often impersonal and involves remote relationship
-
define:
play stage - children take the role of a particular other
-
define:
sociology - the study of human social relations, groups, and societies
-
define:
poverty - lack of resources/money
-
define:
deviant behavior -
behaviors that violate social norms and values of the people in a particular culture
- not necessarily immoral, illegal, or wrong
(ex. spitting in public, murder) -
define:
means of production -
everything that's produced and needed for society
(ex. food,pencils) - what are four causes of poverty?
-
1. lack of education
2. family economic background
3. culture of poverty (attitude toward work)
4. unemployment -
define:
innovation -
accept goals but adopt innovative or different means
(ex. drug dealers, petty theft, embezzlement) -
define:
the word 'me' -
the image we believe others hold of us as we act
(the objective self) - Each part of the ____ ____ forms a function that works together to let the society/body function correctly
- 'human body'
- Who believed that social relations were based on religious and economic beliefs?
- Max Weber
-
define:
reference group -
provide standard for judging one's behavior
-movie stars, advertisement - What are Merton's four types of deviance?
-
1. innovation
2. ritualism
3. rebellion
4. retreatism -
define:
the word 'I' - the impulse to act creative, innovative, or unpredictable (the subjective self)
-
define:
Merton's structural strain - a form of deviance that occurs when a gap exists between the goals society sets for people and the means society provides for people to achieve these goals.
-
define:
Conflict Explanation of Deviance - Conflict believes society consists of different groups and social classes with conflicting interest values.
-
define:
countercultures - cultures that arise in opposition to the prevaiting culture ( happiness in the 60's, gay and lesbians in the 70's)
- What are Erickson's 8 steps of socialization?
-
1. early infancy
2. later infancy
3. early chilhood
4. late childhood
5.adolescence
6. young adulthood
7. middle adulthood
8. late adulthood - Behaviors are learned and aquired from _____.
- culture
-
define:
Adult stage - Individuals take the role of generalized others
- Durkenheim
- deviance serves the function of defining the normal boundaries
-
define:
rebellion -
reject both goals and means of substitute for their own
(ex. counterculture) - Those who do not work are______.
-
deviant
(ex. alcoholics, mentally ill, handicapped) -
define:
ritualism - reject goals and accept means
-
define:
material culture - all physical objects help shape the lifestyle of people in a particular society(ex. computer,cars,air conditioning,classroom)
-
define:
validity - concepts accurately represents claims