Fingerprints

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Terms

undefined, object

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A sample bite mark should only be done by a dentist and with a court order

True

Can the body compensate for blood loss over time?

Yes

Can the fragment of one tooth be the evidence needed for a postive ID?

Yes

Chewed food, candy or gum at a scene could be important dental evidence

True

Collection methods for trace evidence

1. Send entire object to lab

2. Tweezers

3. Vacuum

4. Taping

Compare processing of prints between lab and on scene

Scene: quicker response, less friction damage.

Lab: evidence is waiting, more damage.

Comparisons are based upon what two types of characteristics? (firearms/toolmarks)

Class & Individual

Convert .30g of whole blood into serum

300 (move decimal 3 places)

Five criteria for comparison quality photos of trace evidence

1. B&W

2. Scale

3. Film plane parallel to plane of impression

4. Full frame

5. Side lighting from 3-4 directions

How does fingerprint powder work?

Powder adheres to the perspiration and oils left

How does super glue fuming work?

when heated, the vapors adhere and polymerize (white residue), locking the print to the object

How does the lab and a hospital report drug analysis differently?

Lab uses whole blood; hospital uses serum

How many hairs does Trace require for a comparison?

25-50 (5-10 from each of the 5 different areas of the scalp) w/roots intact

how many questioned pieces of evidence should be collected for a fracture match?

ALL

How should intact lamps be packaged?

a box with packing material or a film canister

How should lamps with broken glass be packaged?

Styrofoam cups

How should paint evidence be packaged?

Pill tin or paper packet in an envelope

Human bite marks are not often seen on the hands/feet of victims

False

If you have a loose filament,how should it be packaged?

Separate from the lamp

Is an x-ray or a written chart more important in forensic odontology?

x-ray

Is it better to cut the wires or force a damaged lamp out of a vehicle?

cut the wires

Is knowing a person had only two lower back fillings enough for an ID?

Legal limits for blood, urine, and serum for 21 and over

Blood: .08

Urine: .11

serum: .095

Legal limits for blood, urine, and serum for under 21

Blood: .02

Urine: .028

Serum: .02

List the 7 drug groups and give an example:

1. Cocaine (crack)

2. THC (marijuana)

3. Amphetamines: XTC, Meth

4. Barbituats: butalbitol

5. Opiates: Vicodin, heroin

6. Benzodiazepines: Xanax

7. Soma

Major Case Prints

Primarily needed because the area being compared would not normally be recorded in a standard fingerprint card

Packaging of fracture match evidence can be in one of these two ways

paper bag or cardboad box

Physical evidence can be attacked on what two areas?

Chain of Custody
Freedom from contamination

Proper swabbing of the bite mark can lead to DNA

Yes

The occurrence of bite marks is most often seen in abuse cases, child custody & sex crimes

true

Two objects of a crime scene search

1. Locate & preserve physical evidence

2. Identify persons who committed crime

Types of Prints

Latent
Patent
Plastic

What are latent prints made of?

98-99% water, remaining percentages are salts, amino acids, and other by-products

What are the 5 legal causes of death?

1. Suicide

2. Homicide

3. Accidental

4. Natural

5. Undetermined

What are the firearms class characteristics?

Caliber (bore diameter); number of lands and grooves; direction of twists; width of lands & grooves

What are the three fingerprint patterns?

Arch

plain, tented

Loop

Most common pattern
One delta, loops come/exit same side

Whorl

Plain, Central pocket loop

What are the two fundamental principles of fingerprints?

1. Permanent

2. Unique

What are the two types of toolmarks?

Striated (tool moved across softer object)

Impressed (straight-on force, like a hammer)

What class & individual characteristics are availabe from a footwear evidence?

Class: brand, size, shape

Individual: stone holds, cuts, debris

What does AFIS do for the investigator?

1. A tool for the investigator

2. Provides possible suspect not previously known

What does Ninhydrin do?

reacts to Amino acids

What five things can duct tape be tested for?

Fingerprints, hairs/fibers, fracture match, composition match, texture

what information is available from a paint exam?

layer structure, color, tint, texture, composition, and chemical solubility

What information is available from vehicle lamp investigation?

Incandescent (hot enough to emit light); not incandescent, or insufficient damage

What is AFIS

Automated Fingerprint Identification System

What is CODIS?

Combined DNA Index System

What is the effect of losing 2 pints of blood?

Moderate shock

What is the effect of losing 4 pints of blood?

Severe shock

What is the effect of losing 6 pints of blood?

DEATH

What is the general rule for packaging non-porous evidence to be printed?

One item per package

What is the minimum barrel length for a rifle?

16" with breech closed

What is the minimum barrel length for a shotgun?

18" with action closed

What is the minimum overall length of a shotgun or rifle?

26"

What is the most common date rape drug?

Alcohol

What kind of evidence is lost when a body is removed from a scene?

Trace

What kind of ruler is needed for bite mark photography?

ABFO No. 2

What known pieces shoud be collected for a fracture match?

All pieces adjacent to the missing piece

What should be noted about vehicle lamps collected?

Vehicle/function/location taken from

What three pieces of info must be on the label of urine/blood?

1. Suspect name

2. Date & time

3. Collector/witness name

What three things are used to determine the time of death?

Rigor Mortis; Algor Mortis; Liver Mortis

When possible, send what to the lab for trace?

Entire object

Where do you mark semi-auto and revolvers?

Semi: bottom of slide or barrel

Revolver: top strap or yolk

Where should witness photography shots be taken from?

Eye Level

Which is better for drug test, and why: Blood or Urine?

Blood, because it is what is in the persons' blood right now, can tell the time and amount taken

Why do blood samples not have to be refrigerated?

tubes contain an anti-bacterial

Why is it necessary to refrigerate urine samples?

It can form bacteria

You should collect vehicle lamps from ___ feet away from the point of impact

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Deck Info

Number of cards 67

Created By cwguth