Aviation FOI - CFI initial
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Definition of learning
- A change in behavior as a result of experience.
- 4 Basic characteristics of learning
-
Purposeful
through Experience
Multifaceted
Active Process - What are the laws of learning?
-
Readiness
Excercise
Effect
Primacy
Intensity
Recency - What is the basis of all learning?
- All learning comes from Perceptions.
- How do people learn?
-
Perception
Insight
Motivation - What are the 4 levels of learning?
-
Rote
Understanding
Application
Correlation - What are the 9 principles in learning a skill?
-
Pattern to follow
Perform the skill
Desire to learn
More than muscles
Duration and Organization of
the lesson
Progress follows a pattern
Evaluation vs Critique
Application of skill
Knowledge of results - Why do individuals forget?
-
Dissuse
Interference
Repression - How can the instructor help students remember what they have learned?
-
Praise
Repetition
Attitude
Association
All senses - Basic reason for using the building block method of instruction
- Formation of correct habit patterns from the begining
- What are the defense mechanisms?
-
Compensation
Projection
Resignation
Denial of Reality
Rationalization
Flight
Agression
Reaction Formation - Factors affecting an individuals perceptions
-
Basic need
Element of threat
Self concept
Time and opportunity
Physical organism
Goals and Values - Elements of effective communication
-
Source
Symbols
Receiver - Effectiveness of the communicator is limited to 3 basic factors
-
Reveals attitudes
Accurate and up to date
Meaningful - Barriers to effective communication
-
Confusion between symbol and subject
Overuse of abstractions
Interference
Lack of common experience - 4 steps in the teaching process
-
Preparation
Presentation
Application
Review and evaluation - Evaluation should be based on:
- stated objectives.
- Three main steps when organizing material
-
Introduction
Development
Conclusion - Elements of the introduction of the presentation
-
Attention
Motivation
Overview - Development step of the presentation:
- Main part of the lesson
- Conclusion step of the presentation:
- Retraces the important elements of the lesson and relates them to the objective.
- Thre most common teaching methods (and one not so common)
-
Lecture
Guided discussion
Demonstration/Performance
Computer based training - Guided discussion method types of questions
-
Overhead
Rhetorical
Direct
Reverse
Relay - 5 essential phases of the demonstration/performance method
-
Explanation
Demonstration
Student performance
Instructor supervision
Evaluation - What is programmed instruction?
- Student actively responds to each instructional step and receives immediate feedback.
- What is integrated flight instruction?
- The first time each maneuver is introduced, the student is taught to use outside and inside references to flight instruments.
- How can you develop the main points of a lesson?
-
Past to present
Simple to complex
Known to unknown
Most frequent to rare - What are the advantages of the lecture method?
-
Convenient for groups
Timely
New subjects - What are the disadvantages of the lecture method?
-
No motor skills
inhibits participation - Types of presentations
-
Read manuscript
Recite from memory
Outline
Impromptu - Basic purpose of a critique
- Provide constructive critcism
- 8 characteristics of an effective question
-
Comprehensive
Well organized
Constructive
Thoughtful
Specific
Objective
Flexible
Acceptable - Oral questions to avoid
-
Puzzle
Oversize
Toss up
Bewilderment - 5 characteristics of a good written test
-
Validity
Comprehensiveness
Usabilty
Reliability
Discrimination - 4 characteristics of an effective question
-
Brief
Concise
Clear
Definite - 3 examples of ways to evaluate a student
-
Performance
Oral
Written - 3 reasons to use oral quizzing to evaluate a student
-
Reveal effectiveness
Retention check
Review material - 2 basic types of questions
-
Direct
Indirect - Qualifications for professionalism
-
Service performed
Training and preparation
Study and research
Code of ethics
Intellectual logic
Good judgement - Most significant psychological factor affective learning
- Fear
- 5 examples of abnormal reactions to fear
-
Singing
Anger
Laughter
Emotion
Mood swing - 5 basic human needs (Maslow's hierarchy)
-
Physical
Safety
Social
Ego
Self fulfillment - How can instructors develop students potential
-
View as a vast and untapped resource
Discover what makes them tick - Rules to ensure good human relations with a students
-
Inform student
Criticize constructively
Be consistent
Motivate student
Admit errors
Approach as individuals
Credit when due - 3 basic steps in planning a course of learning
-
Determination of standards and objectives
Development of blocks of learning
Identification of blocks of learning - What is a lesson plan?
-
Blueprint for period of instruction
Written form - A lesson plan tells:
-
What to do,
What order to do it,
What procedure to use in teaching it. - 7 items always in a lesson plan
-
Objective
Elements
Schedule
Equipment
Instructors actions
Students actions
Completion standards - 7 characteristics of an effective lesson plan
-
Content
Flexible
Intro steps
Scope
Practical
Unity
Relation to course - Why are instructional aids used?
-
Support
Reinforce
Supplement