Sound and Light Chapter 2
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- What is sound?
- Sound is a disturbance that travels through a medium as a longitudinal wave.
- In what direction do longitudinal waves move?
- up and down
- What three factors does the sound of speed depend on?
-
elasticity
density
temperature of medium - The ability of a material to bounce back after being disturbed
- elasticity
- What is how much matter or mass, there is in a given amount of space or volume called?
- density
- What are the three states of matter
- solid, liquid, gas
- When air rushes by your vocal cords, it causes what to vibrate?
- Larynx
- Why is it that sound cannot travel through space?
- There are no air particles in outer space, there is nothing for a longitudinal wave to pass through.
- How does sound travel through a medium?
- A vibration creates compressions and rarefactions in the medium near the source of sound.
- What is a compression?
- The part of the wave when the particles are close together
- What is a rarefaction?
- The part of the wave where the particles are far apart.
- How do you hear sound?
- The outer ear funnels sound waves, the middle ear transmits the waves inward, and the inner ear converts the soundinto a form that your brain can understand.
- What is a few centimeters long and ends at the eardrum?
- ear canal
- The middle ear contains the three smallest bones in the human body.. name them
-
hammer
anvil
stirrup - Where are the three smallest bones of the body located?
- Ear
- A cavity shaped like a tiny shell is called the _______.
- cochlea
- What is lined with more than 10,000 tiny hairs?
- cochlea
- How do your outer ears detect sound?
- They focus sound waves into the ear canal.
- How can sound damage your hearing?
- Loud sounds can damage some of the hairs in the cochlea.
- What happens once sound waves enter the ear?
- Vibrations move the hammer, which moves the anvil, and the stirrup. The stirrup vibrates against a membrane of the inner ear causing fluid to vibrate, stimulating tiny hairs which are connected to nerve cells.
- What is sonar?
- A sonar device sends out waves and measures the time it takes to detect the reflected sound waves.
- List three ways animals use sound waves to communicate?
-
to navigate
to find food
to communicate - What does it mean to navigate?
- To find it's way
- How do doctors use ultrasound?
- To " see inside" the human body, and diagnose and treat medical conditions.
- What is echolocation?
- The use of sound waves to determine distance or to locate objects.
- Give two examples of animals that use echolocation.
-
bats
dolphins
whales - When elephants stomp on the ground , what type of sound is being produced?
- infrasound
- When a dog trainer calls a dog what type of sound is being used?
- infrasound
- How can ultrasound be used in medicine?
-
To look inside the body
to destroy unwanted tissue
to check a fetus -
Sonar can be used in the ocean how?
Give two examples -
to locate sunken ships
to find schools of fish
to determine how deep water is