Biology Final: New Material
Terms
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copy deck
- Special type of dominant disorder, arises as the result of a spontaneous mutation.
- Progeria
- Disorder where there are 1 more or 1 fewer chromosomes than normal. (miscarriages)
- Aneuploidy
- disorder where chromosome pairs or sister chromotids fail to separate. Causes abnormal number of chromosomes in gametes.
- Nondisjunction
- syndrome where individual is usually sterile, feminine characteristics. XXY
- Kleinfelter syndrome
- Males with XYY are usually _____.
- taller
- Females with XXX (metafemales) usually have ______.
- limited fertility
- What syndrome is XO? sterile, short stature, webbing of the neck.
- Turner syndrome
- _______ is when cells become specialized in structure and function in the many divisions that lead from a unicellular zygote to a multicellular organism?
- cellular differentiation
- ____=complete set of genes
- zygote
- ___ is a genetically identical copy.
- clone
- What is the gene that causes cancer?
- oncogenes
- What is a normal gene that can be converted to become an oncogenes
- proto-oncogene
- what kind of genes usually inhibit uncontrolled cell division
- tumor suppressor gene
- What are cancer causing agents called?
- carcinogens
- What enzymes are found in bacteria and used to cut DNA
- restriction enzymes
- Faulty pituitary gland will result in abnormally ___ individuals.
- short
- What is it when DNA is mixed with DNA polymerase (enzyme) and nucleotides which allow the DNA to replicate
- POlymerase Chain REaction
- What is the genome that consists of the entire genetic makeup of an individual called?
- human genome
- What is the modification of living things over time called?
- evolution
- A ___ is made up of individuals that can interbreed with one another and produce offspring that can also reproduce
- species
- What is it called when the best adapted individuals survive and reproduce, contributing the most genes to the next generation?
- Natural selection
- what is the measure of reproductive success?
- Fitness