Psychology 105 Test 2
Terms
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- Dopamine
- Influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion
- Serotonin
- Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal
- Norepinephrine
- Helps control alertness and arousal
- GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
- A major inhibitory neurotransmitter
- Glutamte
- A major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory
- nervous system
- the body's speedy, elctrochemical communication system, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous system
- Central Nervous System (CNS)
- the brain and the spinal cord
- Peripherial Nervous System (PNS)
- the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body.
- Nerves
- neural "cables" containing many axons. These bundled axons, which are part of the peripherial nervous system connect the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs.
- Sensory Neurons
- neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the central nervous system.
- Interneurons
- Central nervous system neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
- Motor Neurons
- neurons that carry outgoing information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands
- Somatic Nervous System
- the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the Skeletal Nervous System
- Autonomic Nervous System
- the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs(such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses;its parasympathetic division calms.
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations.
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
- the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy.
- Reflex
- a simple, automatic, inborn, response to a sensory stimulus, such as the knee jerk response
- Neural Networks
- interconnected neural cells. With experience, networks can learn, as feedback strengthens or inhibits connections that produce certain results. Computer sims of neural networks show analogous learning
- Endocrine
- the body's "slow" chemical communication system:a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
- Hormones
- chemical messengers, mostly those manufactured by the endocrine glands, that are produced in one tissue and affect another.