Ch. 9
Terms
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- diabetes
- passing through
- parathyroid hormone
- regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
- mellitus
- sugar
- thyroid uptake and image
- nuclear image produced by scan of thyroid to visualize radioactive accumulation of isotopes to detect thyroid nodules
- thyr/o, thyroid/o
- thyroid gland
- hormon/o
- hormone
- polydipsia
- excessive thirst
- electrolytes
- measurement of the level of ions in blood
- exophthalmos
- protrusion of one or both eyeballs, because of thyroid dysfunction
- virilis
- masculine
- melatonin
- exact function unknown, affects puberty
- metabolism
- all chemical process in the body that result in growth, generation of energy, elimination of waste
- adren/o, adrenalo
- adrenal gland
- gluc/o, glyc/o
- sugar
- myxedema
- advanced hypothyroidism in adults
- pancreas (islets of Langerhans)
- located behind the stomach in front of the first and second lumbar vertebrae, secretes insulin
- pineal gland
- located in the center of the brain, secretes serotonin
- radioiodine therapy
- use of radioactive isotopes to eradicate thyroid tumor
- andr/o
- male
- estrogen
- responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics
- ket/o, keton/o
- ketone bodies
- insulin
- regulate carb and sugar metabolism
- calcitonin (parathyroid hormone)
- regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
- testes
- located on both sides of the scrotum, secrete testosterone
- ovaries
- located on both sides of uterus, secrete estrogen
- pituitary gland
- located at base of brain, anterior secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone, posterior releases antidiuretic hormones and oxytocin
- myx
- mucous
- parathyroid glands
- two paired glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland
- glycohemoglobin
- a molecule in hemoglobin that rises in blood when blood sugar increases
- crin/o
- to secrete
- steroid hormones
- regulate carb metabolism and water balance
- aden/o
- gland
- thymosin
- regulates immune response
- adrenal glands, suprarenal glands
- located on the superior surface of each kidney
- dips/o
- thirst
- serotonin
- a neurotransmitter that serves as precursor to melatonin
- goiter
- throat
- kalium
- postassium
- diabetes mellitus
- metabolic disorder from no insulin secreted by pancreas causing hyperglycemia and glycouria
- pancreat/o
- pancreas
- adrenal virilism
- excessive output of adrenal secretion of androgen
- insulin
- island
- keto
- alter
- cretinism
- condition of congenital hypothyroidism in children
- thyroid gland
- located in front of nect, secretes T3, thyroxine, and calcitonin
- Cushing syndrome
- collection of signs and symptoms caused by excessive cortisol hormone
- hypophysectomy
- excision of pituitary gland
- oxytocin
- influences uterine contraction
- hirsutism
- shaggy, an excessive growth of hair in unusual places
- goiter
- enlargement of thyroid gland caused by thyroid dysfunction
- polyuria
- excessive urination
- luteinizing hormone
- causes ovulation, stimulates secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum
- testosterone
- affects masculinization and reproduction
- epinephrine
- affect sympathetic nervous system in stress