ISLAM FOR TOUR GUIDE COURSE

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Name religions with largest number of followers: Christianity 33%
Islam 22%
Hinduism 15%
Four (4) Countries with greatest number of Muslims: 1. Indonesia 170
2. Pakistan 130
3. Bangladesh 106
4. India 104
Five Pillars of Wisdom: 1) Shahada Testifying to God's One-ness (Faith)
2) Salat (Salah) Prayer
3) Zakat Giving charity
4) Sawm Fasting
5) Hajj Pilgrimage
First Four (4) Caliphs: Abu Bakr
Umar
Uthman
Ali
A Portion of Daily Prayer is called: Rakaat - Each daily prayer has a specific number of Rakaat
Name the five Daily Prayers and dhow many Rakaat: Fajr- dawn prayer 2 Rakaat
Dhuhr - noon prayer 4 Rakaat
Asr - Afternoon prayer 4 Rakaat
Maghrib - sunset prayer 3 Rakaat
Isha - night prayer 2 Rakaat
Friday noon prayer includes Khutba sermon
What is the direction of prayer: Qibla - towards Mecca
First Day and Last Day of Ramadan in 2006: September 23

October 22
During what month must you make the Hajj...in other months what is this called: Dhu al-Hijjah

in other months this is called Umrah
Muhammed was born in what Year: 570
When did Muhammed meet and marry his first wife? What was her name?: 595

Khadijah
Muhammad's father died one year before he was born - what was his name?: Abd Allah
Muhammad had his first Qu'ranic Revelation in what year and where?: 610

Mecca
When was the Year of Sorrows when his wife and uncle died?: 619
What is Isra and Miraj? What year?: Muhammad's night journey and Ascention on Burag to al Aqsa.
When did Muhammad Emigrate to Medina? What was this event called: 622

Hijra
When is year "1' in the Muslim Calendar: The year of the Hijrah
Name three Jewish groups in Medina (Yathrip): Banu Qainuqa
The Al-Kahinan:
Banu Qurayza
Banu Nadir
Year and date of Muhammad's Death in what city?: June 8 632 in Medina
12 Months in Muslim calendar: 1. Muharram)
2. Safar
3. Rabi' I
4. Rabi' II
5. Jumaada I
6. Jumaada II
7. Rajab
8. Sha'aban
9. Ramadan
10. Shawwal
11. Dhu al-Qi`dah
12. Dhu al-Hijjah
Name Muslim Sacred Days and Muslim Dates: 1 Muharram - New Year
27 Rajab Isra and Miraj
1 Ramadan - first day of fasting
1-3 Shawwal - Id ul-Fitr; Id el-Kebir
Formula to convert Gregorian year into Muslim year (Hejira): Hejira = Geegorian -622 + (G-622)/32
Muslim days (Yaum) of the week: As-Sabt (Saturday)
al-Ahad (Sunday)
al-Ithnayn (Monday)
ath-Thalatha (Tuesday)
al-Arba'a (Wednesday)
al-Khamis (Thursday)
al-Jumah
Qu'ran Chapter and Verse When Revealed When Written -Caliphate?: Sura

Aya

610 26-27 Ramadan

653 -Uthman
Three Islamic Names for Jerusalem: Ilia

Bayt al-Maqdis

al-Quds
How many times a day is a Muslim expected to pray: Five

Fajr (Predawn)
Dhuhr (Noon)
'Asr (Afternoon)
Maghrib (Sunset)
'Isha (Evening)
Where is Abraham believed to have offered his son in sacrifice?: The Temple Mount
List three (3) offshots of Islam in chronological order: Druze
Bahai
Ahmadiyya

See also Alawite, Ishmailis, Bohras
What is a Minbar: A pulpit in the mosque where the Imam (leader of prayer) stands to deliver sermons (khutbah Ø®Ø·Ø¨Ù‡ ). The minbar is usually shaped like a small tower with a pointed roof and stairs leading up to it
What is Mihrab?: A niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla, i.e. the direction of Kaaba that Muslims should face when praying.
What is the Kaaba?: A large cuboidal building located inside the mosque known as al-Masjid al-Haram in Mecca. It is the holiest place in Islam
What is a Sura?: One of the 114 chapters of the Qu'ran
That is the Sunnah: The sunnah is the secondary source of Islamic law after the Qur'an. The way of life prescribed as normative in Islam, based on the teachings and practices of Muhammad and on the Koran
What Muslim Dynasty had its capital in Baghdad? Damascus? Fustat/Cairo? Cordoba?: Baghdad - Abbassids
Damascus - Ummayyids
Fustat/Cairo- Fatimids
Cordoba - Ummayyides of al-Rahman
What is a Hanif? Who were not Hanifs - Abraham, Jesus, Pharoah?: is an Arabic term that refers to pre-Islamic non-Jewish or Christian Arabian monotheists.[1] More specifically in Islamic thought it refers to the Arabs during the (pre-Islamic) period known as the Jāhiliyya or "Ignorance",

Pharoah not a hanif
In what dynasty did Harun al-Rashid rule?: Abbassid
What is the name for the Islamic mystic tradition?: Sufism
How many MAJOR schools of Islamic Jurisprudence are there? Name them: Four (4)

Hanbali
Hanafi
Shafii
Maliki
Most Arabs are Muslims - True or False?: True
Most Muslims are Arabs - True or False: False
There are more Sunnis then Shi'ites True False: True
Muharijjun: Emigrants (Muharijun) -- those who came from Mecca
Ansar: The Muslim inhabitants of Medina who welcomed Muhammad and the other Meccan Muslims when they migrated to Medina from Mecca (in an event known as the Hijra (Islam)) are also known as Ansar.
Ridda: For Muslims, acts that entail leaving Islamâ€”known as apostasy or riddaâ€”are "the ugliest form of unbelief (kufr
Dhimmi: Christian, Jew or Zoroastrian living in a Muslim state. Dhimmi are supposed to wear special dress and pay the jizyah tax. They are exempt (or forbidden) from fighting and from paying the Muslim Zakah tax. Supposedly the authority of these regulations is the covenant of Omar.
Jahiliyya: Jahiliyyah (Arabic: Ø¬Ø§Ù‡Ù„ÙŠØ©) is an Islamic concept of "ignorance of divine guidance" or "the state of ignorance of the guidance from God"[1] referring to the condition Arabs found themselves in pre-Islamic Arabian society prior to the revelation of the Qur'an. By extension it means the state of anyone lacking the benefit of Islam and the Qur'an.
Treaty of Hudaibiyya: Treaty of Hudaibiyya, which consolidated the hard power of Islam. On the face of it the treaty was against the Muslimsâ€™ interests, but in reality it had a very significant impact. First, the Quraish were forced to accept the Muslims as equals (they had refused even to tolerate them before this); second, the treaty stipulated that all tribes were free to form alliances with whomever they pleased. Before Hudaibiyya, many tribes had not aligned themselves with the Muslims for fear of antagonizing the Quraish. Hudaibiyya also freed the Muslims to deal with the Jewish stronghold at Khaybar without worrying about an attack from Makkah
Who were Hussan and Hussein: Sons of Caliph Ali and the 2nd and 3rd Imams
What is the Hijra?: Migration of Muhammed from Mecca to Medina in 622.
The Muslim year is how long?: 354.36 days - a lunar calendar with no adjustments for seasons
Two Most Important Muslim Holidays: Id al-Fitr - Marking the end of the fast of Ramadan

Id ul-Adha - The feast of the sacrifice during the last for days of the Hajj
Haram a-Sherif: The Temple Mount - the home of the Dome of the Rock (688-691) and Al Aqsa Mosque
What was the Battle of Badr: This battle in March 624 was fought and won by Muhammed's forces against the Meccans.
Who built the Dome of the Rock?: Caliph al-Malik 688-691 commemorating Isra and Miraj - Muhammad's night Journey - NOT a Mosque
How long was the Treaty of Hudaibiyya honored.: 10 Year Peace Treaty between Muhammad and the Quraysh broken by Muhammad in two years
Hisham's Palace: 3 KM north of Jericho - hunting lodge built 724 by Ummayads. Destroyed by earthquake of 747
Al-Aqsa Mosque: On Temple Mount built by Caliph al-Walid 705-715 and was destroyed in earthquake of 747 current structure is from medieval times.
Battle of Yarmuk: Battle between Caliph Umar and the Byzantines in 636
Battle of Karbala: The Battle of Karbala was a military engagement that took place on 10 Muharram, 61 AH (October 10, 680) in Karbala, in present day Iraq, between the prophet Muhammad's grandson Hussein ibn Ali and a military detachment from the forces of Yazid I, the Umayyad caliph.

This battle is central to Shi'a Muslim belief. The martrydom of Hussein is mourned by an annual commemoration, Ashurah.
When was Damascus Ummayad Capital?: 661-750 due to its central location - Mecca remained spiritual capital
How long was Baghdad the Abbasid Capital?: from 750 - 1258
Importants of Caliph al-Hakkim: Ruled from 996-1021 - Destroyed and rebuilt Holy Sepulchre - Disappeared into the deseert and believed by Druze to be Messiah who will someday return
Rasul means?: Messenger - referring to Muhammad
Islam means: Surrender or submission to Allah's Will
What is Jizya?: Tax that Dhimmi [no Muslim monotheist] must pay.
What does Jahiliyya mean?: Ignorance or Darkness- referring to the state of the people in Arabian peninsula before Muhammad
Ansar are?: Helpers - People from Medina who responded to Muhammad's
Difference between Sunna and Hadith: Sunna - Collected traditions of what Muhammad DID

Hadith - Collected traditions of what Muhammed SAID
Who built the Ka'aba?: Abraham and Ishmael - the stone in Mecca treated as holy before Muhammad. On Hajj pilgrims go around it 7 times.
Who is a Mu'adhin: the caller to prayer (muezzin)
What does Qu'ran mean": Recitation. Muslim holy book revealed to Muhammad - has 30 parts and 114 chapters or Sura - verses are AYA.
what clan was Muhammad from: The Hashemite Clan - rules of Jordan claim to be from this clan.
What is Ashura [or Ash Shura]?: Holiday celebrated by Shi'ites commemorating the death of Hussein the son of Ali.
How many Muslims are Shi'ite: Ten (10) Percent.
They are followers of Ali
On what date was the Qu'ran revealed to Muhammad: 27 of Ramadan
What is Umra?: A minor Pilgrimmage that can take place any time of the year and does not include all the rituals of the full Hajj
Who are Ahl al-Kitab: People of the Book - Christians and Jews.
Who were the "RIght Guided" Caliphs?: The first four (4) Caliphs, Abu Bakr, Uman, Uthman and Ali
Who was Ka'ab al-Akhbar?: A Jew who converted in Islam - Ya'acov HaChaver - who advised Caliph Umar where to locate Al-Aqsa Mosque on Temple Mount - Umar did not concur as he felt he was being tricked.
Al-Baraq: The creature that carried Muhammad on his Journey to Al-Aksa.
What does Haram mean?: Sacred
What are the two mens for Imam?: 1. Generally - leader of prayer.

2. Leader Shi'ite movement
What does Jihad mean?: Both military and spiritual fight or struggle.
What is Halal?: Food and Drink that is permitted for Muslims - not allowed for example is alcohol and pork

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