Great Depression
Terms
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- Sen. Huey Long
- Louisiana Senator and Governor, called KING FISH
- Mary McLeod Bethune
- Director of the Division of Negro Affairs in the NRA
- Fr. Charles E. Coughlin
- Radio Priest, called the New Deal, "the Jew Deal"
- Public Works Administration (PWA)
- Created to build roads, new government buildings and other public projects, it was concerned with the quality of projects, not human needs.
- Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
- Built a series of dams in seven states to control flooding, ease navigation and produce electricity
- Works Progress Administration (WPA)
- Provided work for the able-bodied unemployed, preserve skills of American artists, actors and writers
- The Brain Trust
- Name given to the advisors of President Roosevelt, helped him develop the New Deal
- Dust Bowl
- Describes the conditions of the Great Plains as a result of the dry conditions and wind storms that blew away the soil
- Bank Holiday
- Emergency Banking Act, closed banks to prevent runs
- Gen. Hugh Johnson
- Ran the NRA
- Second Agricultural Adjustment Act
- Placed crops into storage, set quotas
- Fair Labor Standards Act
- Set the minimum wage at .40 cents an hour
- Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
- Low interest loans for cooperatives to supply electricity to rural areas not served by private utilties
- National Youth Administration (NYA)
- Offered part time work to young people between 16 and 25.
- Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Regulate stock exchange
- Frances Perkins
- First female cabinet member, Secretary of Labor
- John L. Lewis
- Founded the Committee for Industrial Organization, CIO
- National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
- Established the National Labor Relations Board
- Court Packing
- An attempt by President Roosevelt to add members to the Supreme Court
- National Recovery Administration (NRA)
- Set codes of fair competition
- John Steinbeck
- Wrote the Grapes of Wrath
- William H. Hastie
- Black who was appointed by Roosevelt as the Assistant Solicitor of the Department of Interior
- John Maynard Keynes
- Economist, felt deficit spenidng was the way to start the economy
- Public Assistance
- Defined as government giving aid to citizens
- National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
- Right of workers to join unions and collective bargaining
- Charles Evans Hughes
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, ruled against New Deal Programs
- Sen. Robert Wagner
- Senator who sponsored the National Labor Relations Act, also called the Wagner Act
- National Industrial Recovery Act
- Set codes of fair competition
- The Emergency Banking Act
- Closed banks and gave the Secretary of the Treasury the power to repopen solvent banks
- Federal Emergency Relief Act
- Gave $500 in unemployment aid, direct relief
- Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
- Reduce farm surplus by limiting production
- Schechter v. US
- Court case that challenged the NIRA power, ruled unconstitutional to give President legislative power
- Civil Works Administration (CWA)
- Temporary program to get people off the unemployment lines, put people to work improving and building roads, parks, playgrounds and airports.
- Federal Depository Insurance Company (FDIC)
- Insured bank accounts up to $100,000
- Dr. Francis Townsend
- Townsend plan, old age pension
- Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
- Provide unemployed young men between 18 and 25 with useful work outdoors
- Harry Hopkins
- Directed the Federal Emergency Relief Fund and the CWA
- Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
- Insured loans by banks, building and loan associations and other private groups to home owners for repair and to finance mortgages for new homes.