ABeka History 7 - Unit 2, Chap. 6 Bold Words

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(p.72) Olympic games: the Greeks began to hold the --- every four years in honor of Zeus.
(p.72) 776 B.C.: the first Olympic games took place in---, the first recorded date in Greek history.
(p.73)Thrace: Thus Greek colonies appeared on islands in the Aegean sea, north of the Aegaean in ----.
(p.73) Ionia: east of the Aegaean in ---, a religion along the coast of Asia Minor.
(p.73) Cyrus the Great: soon after --- added Lydia to his Persian Empire in 546B.C., he conquered Ionia
(p.73) Darius I: the Ionians revolted against the Persians in 499B.C. -----, the new Persian king, crushed the Ionian revolt and demanded that the mainland Greeks submit to him.
(p.73) Athens, Eretria, and Sparta: Determined not to be absorbed by the Persian Empire, the cities of ------- refused Darius's demands
(p.73) Marathon: about a day's march north of Athens.
(p.73) Xerxes: Darius's son determined to avenge his father and conquer the Greeks.
(p.73) Hellespont: a strait where Europe and Asia Minor are less than one mile aprt, Sparta organized an alliance of 30 Greek cities.
(p.74) Leonidas: under the Spartan king ---, the Greeks decided to block the Persian advanced toward Athens at Thermopylae
(p.74) Thermopylae: a narrow mountain pass in the centeral Greece about six miles from the Aegaean Sea.
(p.70) Dorians: Invaders from the north, known in the world history as --- probably hastened the destruction, but the violent Mycenaeans no doubt contributed to their own downfall.
(p.70) Homer: This new culture was greatly influenced by the work of one man, the blind poet --.
(p.70) Smyrna: He probably lived during the 700s B.C., perhaps on the island of Crete or in the city of -----.
(p.70) Mount Olympus: From Homer, the Greeks learned of the gods who supposedly lived on ------.
(p.70) Poseidon: had a close connection with the moon
(p.70) Zeus: These gods closely resemble those of other peoples. --- reminiscent of Babylon's Marduk, was the king of these gods.
(p.70) Apollo: had a close connection with the sun.
(p.70): had a close connection with the sea
(p.70) Heros: were glorified human beings; they differed from the gods only in that they were mortal (they could die) and less powerful.
(p.70) Achilles and Odysseus: Homer's heros were men of unusual ability and tremendous bravery such as ------ both great warriors in the Greek mythology.
(p.71) Polis: city - state
(p.71) Acropolis: The typical polis surrounded a hilltop fortess called the ----, the -- served as a seat of government and religion.
(p.71) Agora: a marketplace
(p.71) Gymnasium: Most Greek cities also had a ---, a place of physical training and games of skill
(p.71) Amphitheater: an outdoor theater
(p.69) Japheth: himself went to Greece, for people were already living there very early in the world history.
(p.69) Minoans: the earliest civilazation in the vicinity of Greece was that of -----.
(p.69) Crete: the Minoans were centered on the island of ---.
(p.69) Knossos: Minoan civilization produced such impressive structures ans the palace at ----, which occupied more than four acres and contained an excellent plumbing system.
(p.69) Mycenaeans: the --- flourished on the mainland of Greece between about 1600 and 1200 B.C.
(p.69) Mycenae: the fortress city of ---, for which they were named, was surrounded by walls 10 feet thick; royal tombs outside the city also demonstrate great architectural skill.
(p.69) Troy: Mycenaeans once burned done the city of --- on the coast of Asia Minor after a 10-year war.
(p.74) Monarchy: rule by one.
One man was responible for the family religion, and one man was given responsibilty for the worship of the city's gods.
(p.75) Aristocracy: the family heads as a group began to rule the cities directly.

Rule by the "best"
(p.75) oligarchy: ----- means rule by a few rather than one or many. In practice, however, it meant rule by a few rich men.
(p.75) Tyranny: a bad form of one-rule.
(p.76) Democracy: rule by the many or the common people. In practice however, it meant rule by the poor.
(p.76) Helots: the largest class of all was that of ---, the common laborers who farmed the land for the ruling class.
(p.77) Peloponnesian League: joined Athens and her allies to ward off the Persian invasion.
(p.77) Solon: an aristocrat who introduced democratic principels to athenian government.
(p.77) Pericles: an aristocrat who dominated Athens from 461 to 429 B.C., brought the Athenian democracy to its fullest measure.
(p.77) representative democracy: the people elect a few men who represent them in the government.
(p.77) direct democracy: the people themselves made the big decisions of government directly, rather than indirectly through representatives.
(p.78) Delian League: the Athen's defensive alliance.
(p.80) Socrates: the first philosopher to insit that morality, or proper conduct, is a part of philosophy.
(470-399 B.C.)
(p.80) Plato: one of Socrates students, inspired by Socrates, to become the gretest philosopher of all times. (428 - 347 B.C.)
(p.80) Dialogues: plato wrote thirty or more works called----.
(p.81) Aristotle: (384-322 B.C.) plato's most famous pupil. recongnized order, design, or purpose in the universe.
(p.81) Macedonia: loomed on the northern fringes of Greece
(p.81) Philip II (359 B.C.): became the king of Macedonia. He was determined to do what no one, Greek or barbarian, had ever done - become the master of all Greece.
(p.82) phalanx: a large group of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields, trained to charge the enemy as a group.
(p.82) Olympias: Philip's jealous wife who killed him.
(p.820 Alexander: Philp's son - known in world history as Alexander the Great - became the new king at the age of 20
(p.82) Babylon: Alexander entered Babylon in the autumn of 331 B.C., and by December, he had thaken Susa
(p.82) Susa: the Persian capital
(p.82) Persepolis: the chief city of the Persian homeland, fell in 330 B.C.
(p.83) Hellenic: helenic is derived from Hellens another name for the Greeks
(p.83) Hellenic Age: the period of several hundred years between Alexander's conquest and the Roman Empire
(p.83) Alexandria: Alexander built the first and most famous -- in Egypt
(p.83) Ptolemy: took Egypt
(p.83) Antipater: took Macedonia
(p.83) Laomedon: took Syria
(p.83) Seleucus: took the eastern part of the fertile cresent

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