Board Prep Material
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- What AR prescribes the policies and responsibilities of command, which include military discipline and conduct, as well as the EO Program?
- AR 600-20
- What are the three formal channels of communication in the Army?
- The Chain of Command, the NCO Support Channel, and Staff and Technical Channels
- Describe the structure of the NCO Support Channel.
- It begins with the commander’s CSM and ends with the section, squad/team leader
- Who is the only person who performs as both a member of the Chain of Command and the NCO Support Channel?
- The section, squad/team leader
- Who represents the connection between the Chain of Command and the NCO Support Channel?
- The senior NCO
- Who is the only civilian authorized to exercise command in the military?
- The President of the United States
- What are the key elements of command?
- Authority and Responsibility
- Rank in the Army is divided into what classes and grades?
- General Officer, Field Officer, Company Officer, Warrant Officer, Cadets, Candidates, Senior NCOs, Junior NCOs and Privates
- What is the difference between MANAGEMENT and LEADERSHIP?
- Management has an INDIRECT influence on subordinates, whereas Leadership has a DIRECT influence on subordinates
- Commander in Chief
- President George W. Bush
- Secretary of Defense
- Honorable Donald Rumsfeld
- Secretary of the Army
- Honorable Francis J. Harvey
- Chairman, Joint Chief of Staffs
- General Myers
- Army Chief of Staff
- General Shoomaker
- Medical Command Commander
- LTC Kiley
- Troop Commander, TAMC
- LTC Pierce
- Commander, Alpha Co. & Medical Hold Co.
- CPT Harris
- Commander, Bravo Co.
- CPT Burks
- Sergeant Major of the Army
- SMA Preston
- Medical Command, CSM
- CSM Eddy
- TAMC, CSM
- CSM Jenkins
- Troop Command, CSM, TAMC
- CSM Veerland
- 1SG, Alpha Co.
- 1SG Williams
- 1SG, Bravo Co.
- 1SG Oilar
- 1SG, Medical Hold Co.
- 1SG Montoya
- The birth of our Nation began with the signing of an important document. What was this document and what was the date?
-
The Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776 - What date is considered the beginning of the U. S. Army?
- June 14, 1775
- Who was the first Commander in Chief of the Continental Army?
- George Washington
- Whose last words were, “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country?â€
- CPT Nathan Hale
- The Revolutionary War officially ended on what date?
- September 3, 1783
- The United States was initially governed by what document and was later replaced with what document?
- The Articles of Confederation, which was later replaced by the Constitution
- In 1803, the Nation more than doubled in size when it acquired a huge expanse of territory from France. What was this acquisition called?
- The Louisiana Purchase
- What treaty ended the War of 1812?
- The Treaty of Ghent
- What event sparked the Mexican War?
- The admission of Texas to the Union
- What treaty ended the Mexican War?
- The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
- On September 22, 1862, President Lincoln issued an order freeing slaves in all areas still under Confederation control. What was this order called?
- The Emancipation Proclamation
- When and by what means was the Medal of Honor established?
- Congress authorized the Medal of Honor on July 12, 1862
- Who was the first recipient of the Medal of Honor?
- PVT Jacob Parrott
- When did the United States officially enter WWI?
- FM 7-21.13 states April 2, 1917
- What event sparked the United States official entry into WWII?
- The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the Philipines
- Who was the Chief of Staff of the Army when the United States entered WWII?
- GEN George Marshall
- What famous general led the fight in the Pacific theatre during WWII?
- GEN MacArthur
- What famous generals led the fight in the European theatre during WWII?
- GEN Eisenhower and LTG Patton
- June 6, 1944 marked the beginning of the invasion in Europe when GEN Eisenhower’s armies landed in France. What was this day called?
- D-Day
- The war in Europe ended on May 8, 1945. What was this day called?
-
V-E Day
(Victory in Europe) - When and where was the first atomic bomb dropped on Japan?
-
August 6, 1945;
Hiroshima - When and where was the second atomic bomb dropped on Japan?
-
August 9, 1945;
Nagasaki - The war in Japan ended on September 2, 1945. What was this day called?
-
V-J Day
(Victory in Japan) - What war, formally referred to as a “conflict,†has sometimes been referred to as “the forgotten war?â€
- The Korean Conflict
- Who was the President during the Korean Conflict?
- President Truman
- When did the Korean Conflict end?
- July 27, 1953
- When did the Vietnam War officially end for the United States?
-
1973
The official signing of the Paris Peace Accords - When and what event sparked women achieving full military status?
- In 1943, the creation of the Women’s Army Corps
- What event symbolized the end of the Civil War?
- The Dismantling of the Berlin Wall
- What event sparked the Persian Gulf War?
- Saddam Hussein’s armies overran Kuwait
- What was the name for the actual military operation during the Persian Gulf War?
- Operation Desert Storm
- Who was the commanding general of the US led forces in Operation Desert Storm?
- GEN Schwarzkopf
- What event sparked the “War on Terrorism?â€
- Terrorists of the al-Qaeda network attacked the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11
- What Muslim leader was believed to be the mastermind behind the September 11 attacks?
- Osama bin Laden
- In what location of the world did the “war on terrorism†have its first tangible strike?
- Afghanistan
- What was the operation into Afghanistan called?
- Operation Enduring Freedom
- What operation of the US Army and allied units began assaults on Taliban and al-Qaeda forces holed up in the mountains and caves of southwestern Afghanistan?
- Operation Anaconda
- After intense diplomatic efforts failed the United States deployed its Armed Forces to the Gulf and prepared for what operation?
- Operation Iraqi Freedom
- What do the letters “WMD†stand for?
- Weapons of Mass Destruction
- What document is considered the supreme law of the land?
- The Constitution
- When was the Constitution adopted?
- September 17, 1787
- How many amendments are there to the Constitution?
- 27
- What are the first ten amendments of the Constitution called?
- The Bill of Rights
- The Constitution divides our government into three separate branches. What are they?
- Legislative, Judicial and Executive branches
- The Department of Defense was formerly known as what?
- The National Military Establishment
- Who is the head of the Department of Defense?
- The Secretary of Defense
- What are the words on the official seal of the Army?
- “This We’ll Defendâ€
- On what date was the Army Flag dedicated?
- June 14, 1956
- What do the letters “DA†stand for?
- Department of the Army
- What was the name of the daily newspaper for the US Armed Forces in WWII?
- The Stars and Stripes
- In what war was the helicopter first used?
- Korean Conflict
- In which US war did the greatest number of American casualties occur?
- Civil War
- Name the longest war in US history.
- The Vietnam War
- When did “The Star Spangled Banner†officially become the National Anthem by law?
- March 3, 1931
- Who was the only female recipient of the Medal of Honor?
- Dr. Mary Walker
- What words are inscribed on the empty crypt of the Vietnam Unknown at the Tomb of the Unknowns in Arlington National Cemetery?
- “Honoring and Keeping Faith with America’s Missing Servicemenâ€
- Who was the youngest soldier ever to enlist in the Army?
- SGT Bryce
- What Field Manual covers Guard Duty?
- FM 22-6
- What are the two types of guard duty?
-
Interior guard
Exterior guard - The interior guard force of an installation is composed of two elements that can be classified according to their purpose. What are these two elements?
-
Main guard: a combination of patrols and fixed guard posts
Special guard: guards detailed when it is impractical to use members of the main guard to guard property or an area - A guard on post is governed by two types of orders. What are they?
-
General orders
Special orders - What are the three General Orders?
-
1. I will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly relieved.
2. I will obey my special orders and perform all my duties in a military manner.
3. I will report violations of my special orders, emergencies, and anything not covered in my instructions to the Commander of the Relief. - Who is responsible for insuring that all guards understand their special instructions (orders) prior to being posted?
- The Commander of the Relief
- Only authorized persons can give guards orders or instructions. Who is considered and “authorized person?â€
- Post Commanding Officer, Field Officer of the Day, Staff Duty Officer, Commander of the Guard, Sergeant of the Guard, or the Commander of the Relief
- What is meant by “countersign?â€
- The combination of a secret challenge and its reply or password
- How are the challenge and password given?
- In a low tone to prevent them from being overheard by others
- What is a “parole word?â€
- A secret word imparted only to those persons entitled to inspect the guard and to commanders and members of the guard
- Who is responsible for establishing special orders for guard posts?
- The Post Commander
- Special orders differ for various posts depending upon the nature of the area being guarded and are based on what two considerations?
- Realism and clarity
- What are the two main qualifications for performing guard duty?
-
1. Guards must have completed range firing or training with the weapon they use on guard duty.
2. Guards must know the three general orders. - Who supervises the enlisted members of the guard, assigns them to reliefs, and is responsible to the commander of the guard or assumes the responsibilities of the commander of the guard if one has not been detailed?
- The Sergeant of the Guard
- Who is responsible for the instruction, discipline, and performance of the guard as well as security of weapons and ammunition?
- The Commander of the Guard – may be an officer or senior NCO
- Who is responsible for assigning posts to guard members and ensuring that guards are posted on time?
- The Commander of the Relief
- Who inspects the guard?
- The Officer of the Day or the COG/SOG when an OD is not appointed
- What is the maximum range and minimum effective range of the M9 pistol?
-
Maximum range – 1,800 meters
Maximum effective range – 50 meters - What Field Manual covers “Combat Training with Pistols, M9?
- FM 3-23.35
- What is the weight of the M9 pistol?
-
2.1 lbs w/ empty magazine
2.6 lbs w/ full magazine - Describe the steps for CLEARING the M9 pistol.
- 1. Place the decocking/safety lever in the SAFE position. 2. Hold the pistol in the raised pistol position. 3. Depress the magazine release button and remove the magazine from the pistol. 4. Pull the slide to the rear and remove any chambered round. 5. Push the slide stop up, locking the slide to rear. 6. Look into the chamber and ensure that it is empty.
- Describe the procedure for performing a FUNCTION check on the M9 pistol.
- 1. Clear the pistol in accordance with the unloading procedures. 2. Depress the slide stop, letting the slide go forward. 3. Insert an empty magazine into the pistol. 4. Retract the slide fully and release it. The slide should lock to the rear. 5. Depress the magazine release button and remove the magazine. 6. Ensure the decocking/safety lever is in the SAFE position. 7. Depress the slide stop. 8. Squeeze and release the trigger. 9. Place the decocking/safety lever in the fire POSITION. 10. Squeeze the trigger to check double action. 11. Squeeze the trigger again. 12. Squeeze the trigger to check the single action.
- Describe IMMEDIATE ACTION for the M9 pistol.
- 1. Ensure the decocking/safety lever is in the FIRE position. 2. Squeeze the trigger again. 3. If the pistol does not fire, ensure that the magazine is fully seated, retract the slide to the rear, and release. 4. Squeeze the trigger. 5. If the pistol again does not fire, the magazine and retract the slide to eject the chambered cartridge. Insert a new magazine, retract the slide, and release to chamber another cartridge. 6. Squeeze the trigger. 7. If the pistol still does not fire, perform remedial action.
- Describe REMEDIAL ACTION for the M9 pistol.
- 1. Clear the pistol. 2. Inspect the pistol for the cause of the stoppage. 3. Correct the cause of the stoppage, load the pistol, and fire. 4. If the pistol again fails to fire, disassemble it for closer inspection, cleaning, and lubrication.
- Describe the proper procedure for mechanically zeroing the M16A2 rifle?
- Adjust the front sight post up/down until the base if flush with the front sight post housing; Adjust the elevation knob counterclockwise until the rear sight assembly rests flush with the carrying handle and the 8/3 marking is aligned with the index line on the left side of the carrying handle; Position the apertures so the unmarked aperture is up and the 0-200 meter aperture is down; Rotate the windage knob to align the index mark on the 0-200 meter aperture with the long center index line on the rear sight assembly
- Describe the proper procedure for CLEARING the M16 weapon?
- Point the muzzle in a designated SAFE DIRECTION. Place selector lever on SAFE. Remove the magazine. Pull charging handle rearward. Visually inspect the receiver and chamber to ensure these areas contain no ammo. Allow the bolt to go forward by pressing the upper portion of the bolt catch. Place the selector on SEMI and squeeze the trigger. Pull the charging handle fully rearward and release it, slowing the boot to return to the full forward position. Place the selector lever on SAFE. Close the ejection port cover.
- Explain the proper procedure for performing a function check on a M16 weapon.
- Place the selector lever on SAFE. Pull the trigger to the rear, the hammer should not fall. Place the selector lever on SEMI. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. While holding the trigger, pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again. Place the selector lever on BURST. Pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. While holding the trigger to the rear, pull the charging handle to the rear three times and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again.
- What firing positions are used on a KD alternate course?
- Prone supported position, Prone unsupported
- What Army publication covers rifle marksmanship for the M-16 series rifle?
- FM 3-22.9
- According to FM 3-22.9, what are the five phases of Basic Rifle Marksmanship?
-
Phase I – Preliminary Rifle Instruction
Phase II – Downrange Feedback
Phase III – Field Fire
Phase IV – Advanced Rifle Marksmanship
Phase V – Advanced Optics, Lasers, and Iron Sights - What are the primary differences of the M16A2/A3?
-
M16A2 fires in SEMI and 3-round BURST modes
M16A3 fires in SEMI and AUTO modes - What are the weights of the M16A2/A3 weapons?
-
w/o magazine and sling – 7.78
w/ sling and loaded: 20 round magazine – 8.48
w/ sling and loaded: 30 round magazine – 8.79 - What is the length of the M16A2/A3 weapons?
- Overall rifle length: 39(5/8)⬝
- What are the max effective rates of fire of the M16A2/A3?
-
Semiautomatic: 45 rounds/min
Burst: 90 rounds/min
Automatic: 150-200 rounds/min (A3)
Sustained: 12-15 rounds/min - What are the ranges of the M16A2/A3?
-
Maximum range: 3600 meters
Maximum effective range:
Point target: 550 meters
Area target: 800 meters - What are the operational characteristics of the M16A2/A3?
-
Barrel rifling – right hand: 1/7
Muzzle velocity (fps): 3100
Cyclic rate of fire: 700-900 rounds/min - Which sight aperture is used when battlesight zeroing all M16 series weapons?
- The small aperture
- Each “click†of elevation on the elevation knob of the M16A2/A3 weapons changes the point of impact how much at 100 meters?
- 1-3/8⬝
- What is meant by the “stoppage†of a weapon?
- The failure of an automatic or semiautomatic firearm to complete the cycle of operation
- What word is commonly used to remember the procedure for applying immediate action?
-
SPORTS
(S)lap upward on the magazine
(P)ull the charging handle to the rear
(O)bserve the chamber
(R)elease the charging handle
(T)ap the forward assist
(S)queeze the trigger - What is meant by “remedial action?â€
- The continuing effort to determine the cause of a stoppage or malfunction and to try to clear the stoppage once it has been identified
- What is considered a “malfunction?â€
- A procedural or mechanical failure of the rifle, magazine, or ammunition
- What are the primary categories of malfunctions?
-
1. Failure to feed, chamber, or lock.
2. Failure to fire cartridge.
3. Failure to extract.
4. Failure to eject. - What are the four basic fundamentals of rifle marksmanship?
-
1. Steady position
2. Aiming
3. Breath control
4. Trigger Squeeze - Describe the two types of breath control techniques and when each is used.
-
1. Used during zeroing, squeeze the trigger during the natural respiratory pause that occurs when most of the air has been exhaled from the lungs and before inhaling.
2. Employed during rapid fire, the soldier stops his breath when he is about to squeeze the trigger and resumes breathing after the shot has been fired. - During preliminary marksmanship instruction only two basic firing positions are taught. What are they?
- The foxhole supported and the prone unsupported positions
- In order of preference, what courses can be used for record qualifications?
-
1. Standard Record Fire range
2. Known Distance Alternate Course
3. 25-meter Alternate Course
4. 15-meter Alternate Course - What are the qualification standards for a Record Fire range?
-
Expert: 36-40
Sharpshooter: 30-35
Marksman: 23-29
Unqualified: 22-below - What firing positions and targets are used on a KD alternate course?
-
Prone supported position: 300 yards, E-type silhouette, 20 rounds, 60 sec
Prone unsupported: 200 yards, E-type silhouette, 10 rounds, 60 sec
Prone unsupported: 100 yards, F-types silhouette, 10 rounds, 60 sec - What are the qualification standards for the Known Distance Alternate Course or the scaled 25-meter Alternate Course?
-
Expert: 38-40
Sharpshooter: 33-37
Marksman: 26-32
Unqualified: 25-below - Proper maintenance of the M16A2 rifle includes what five steps?
-
1. Clear
2. Dissassemble
3. Inspect
4. Clean & lubricate
5. Reassemble - The first consideration when handling any weapon is to do what?
- CLEAR IT!
- What does “CLP†stand for and how does it work?
- Cleaner, Lubricant, and Preservative; It contains solvents to dissolve firing residue and carbon; It lays down a layer of Teflon as it dries to provide lubrication; It prevents rust from forming
- What FM covers “First Aid�
- FM 4-25.11
- What are considered the four adverse conditions affecting human life?
- Lack of oxygen, Bleeding, Shock, Infection
- What three tasks are considered the basics of first aid?
- Check for BREATHING, Check for BLEEDING, Check for SHOCK
- What are the eight steps in properly evaluating a casualty?
- Responsiveness, Breathing, Pulse, Bleeding, Shock, Fractures, Burns, Head Injury
- What is CPR?
- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
- What are the two vital body functions?
- Respiration and Blood Circulation
- Name four common points for checking pulse?
- Side of the neck, Groin, Wrist, Ankle
- What are the three basic measures of first aid?
- Open the airway and restore breathing; Stop the bleeding and protect the wound; Check for shock and administer first aid measures
- What is the single most common airway obstruction?
- The tongue
- What are the two prescribed methods for opening an airway?
- Jaw thrust and head tilt/chin lift
- While maintaining an open airway the rescuer should check for breathing by observing the casualty’s chest and performing what four actions within 3 – 5 seconds?
- LOOK for the chest to rise and fall, Listen for air escaping during exhalation, FEEL for the flow of air on your cheek, PERFORM rescue breathing
- What are the two prescribed methods of rescue breathing?
- Mouth-to mouth or mouth-to-nose
- What is the preferred method of rescue breathing?
- Mouth-to-mouth
- What are the two prescribed methods for opening an airway obstruction of a conscious casualty?
- Abdominal thrust or chest thrust
- Name five prescribed methods for controlling bleeding?
- Field dressing, Manual pressure, Pressure dressing, Digital pressure, Tourniquet
- How should the tails be tied on a field dressing?
- In a non-slip knot over the outer edge of the dressing
- When applying manual pressure, what additional measure can be taken to reduce bleeding?
- Elevate the injured limb slightly above the level of the heart
- When should a pressure dressing be applied to a wound?
- If bleeding continues after the application of a field dressing, manual pressure, and elevation.
- How should the ends of an improvised dressing be tied on a pressure dressing?
- In a non-slip know directly over the wound site
- How many different pressure points are there to control bleeding?
- 11
- What should you do after applying a tourniquet to a casualty?
- Mark the casualty’s head with a “T†to indicate that a tourniquet has been applied
- What are the nine signs/symptoms of shock?
- Clammy skin, Paleness, Restlessness/Nervousness, Thirst, Bleeding, Confusion, Faster than normal breathing, Blotchy or bluish skin, Nausea/Vomiting
- What are the seven steps in treating/preventing shock?
- Move casualty to cover, Position casualty on back, Elevate casualty’s feet, Loosen constricting clothing, Prevent chilling or overheating, Calm the casualty, Seek medical aid
- In the case of an abdominal injury, how should the legs be positioned?
- Place the knees in an upright position
- What is the best way to “calm†a casualty?
- By being authoritative and by showing self-confidence
- What action should you take if you must leave the casualty or if the casualty becomes unconscious?
- Turn the head to the side to prevent choking in case they vomit
- Head injuries can be classified into two types. What are they and what is the difference?
- Open – a wound that is visible, or a break in the skin; Closed – a wound that may be visible
- What are some of the signs/symptoms of a severe head injury?
- Nausea/vomiting, Slurred speech, Recent unconsciousness, Drowsiness, Paralysis, Convulsions/twitches, Confusion/ loss of memory, Dizziness, Blurred vision, Bruising around eyes, Complaint of headache, Deformity of the head, Staggering while walking, Bleeding or other fluid discharge from the scalp, ears, or nose
- Wounds to the skin are often categorized using terms such as abrasions, contusions, lacerations, and avulsions. What do these terms mean?
- Abrasion – scrape of the skin; Contusion – injury without a break in the skin; Laceration – cuts or breaks in the skin; Avulsion – a rip in the skin
- What are the two kinds of fractures?
- Closed – a broken bone that does not break the skin; Open – a broken bone that breaks the skin
- Before administering the proper first aid for burn injuries you must be able to recognize the type of burn to be treated. What are the four types of burns?
- Thermal, Electrical, Chemical, Laser
- What are the first five aid measures for treating burns?
- Eliminate the source of the burn, Expose the burn, Apply a field dressing to the burn, Take precautions, Seek medical attention
- What are the three types of heat injuries?
- Heat cramps, Heat exhaustion, Heatstroke
- What are the signs/symptoms of heat cramps?
- Cramping in the extremities, Abdominal cramps, Heavy sweating, Thirst
- What are the first aid measures for heat cramps?
- Move casualty to a cool or shady area, Have casualty slowly drink at least one canteen full of cool water, Monitor the casualty and give more water as tolerated
- What are the signs/symptoms of heat exhaustion?
- Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skin; Dizziness; Cramping; Urge to defecate; Rapid breathing; Confusion; Headache; Weakness; Loss of appetite; Nausea; Chills; Tingling of hands or feet
- What are the first aid measures for heat exhaustion?
- Move the casualty to a cool/shady area and loosen/remove clothing; Pour water on casualty and fan to permit coolant effect; Have casualty slowly drink at least one full canteen of water; Casualty should not be permitted to participate in strenuous activity (if possible); Seek medical assistance
- What are the signs/symptoms of heatstroke?
- Casualty’s skin is red, hot and dry; Confusion; Seizures; Stomach pains or cramps; Loss of consciousness; Weakness; Dizziness; Headaches; Nausea; Respiration and pulse may be rapid and weak
- What are the first aid measures for heatstroke?
- Move the casualty to a cool/shady area and loosen/remove clothing; Pour water on casualty and fan to permit coolant effect; Elevate the casualty’s legs; Have casualty slowly drink at least one full canteen of water; Seek medical assistance
- Name some of the contributing factors to cold weather injuries.
- Weather, Relatively stationary activities, Physical fatigue, Depression, Excessive use of alcohol/drugs
- Discuss some of the signs/symptoms of cold weather injuries.
- Numbness or tingling; discoloration of the skin; swelling; blisters
- What are the general first aid measures for cold weather injuries?
- Superficial – rewarm affected area of the body; Deep cold – requires prompt first aid and remove casualty from the environment
- Name the six cold weather injuries
- Chilblain, Immersion syndrome, Frostbite, Snow blindness, Dehydration, Hypothermia
- What are the specific first aid measures for chilblain?
- Area usually respond to locally applied rewarming; Do not rub or massage area; Seek medical aid
- What are the signs/symptoms normally associated with immersion foot/trench foot?
- Affected foot is cold and painless, pulse is weak and numbness mat be present; Second – parts may feel hot, burning and shooting pains; Later stages – Skin is pale with bluish cast and pulse decreases; Other symptoms are blistering, swelling, redness, heat, hemorrhaging and gangrene
- What are the specific first aid measures for immersion foot/trench foot?
- Gradual rewarming by exposure to warm air; Do not massage or moisten skin; Protect affected parts from trauma; Dry feet thoroughly, avoid walking; Seek medical aid
- What are the signs/symptoms normally associated with frostbite?
- Loss of sensation or numb feeling in any part of the body; Sudden blanching followed by momentary tingling sensation; Redness of skin or Grayish color of skin; Blisters; Swelling or tender areas; Loss of previous sensation of pain in affected area; Pale, yellowish, waxy-looking skin; Frozen tissue that feels solid to the touch
- What are the specific first aid measures for frostbite?
- Warm the area at the first sign of frostbite, using firm steady pressure of hand; Face, ears, nose – cover area with hands; Hands – Open field jacket and place casualty’s hands against his body; Feet – Remove socks and boots and place exposed feet under clothing or against another soldier’s body; DO NOT thaw; Loosen or remove constricting clothing; Increase insulation
- What are the signs/symptoms of snow blindness?
- Sensation of grit in the eyes with pain in and over the eyes; Watering, redness, headache, and increased pain with exposure to light
- What are the specific first aid measures for snow blindness?
- Cover the eyes with a dark cloth; Seek medical aid
- What are the signs/symptoms of dehydration?
- Mouth, tongue and throat become parched and swallowing becomes difficult; Feels tired and weak; Focusing eyes may become difficult; Nausea; Dizziness; Fainting; May experience muscle cramps
- What are the specific first aid measures for cold weather dehydration?
- Keep warm; Casualty needs fluid replacement, rest, and prompt medical aid
- What are the signs/symptoms of hypothermia?
- Shivering, Faint pulse, Drowsy or mentally slow, Slurred speech, Eyes in glassy state, Slow and shallow breathing; Body temperature below 85
- What are the first aid measures for hypothermia?
-
Mild Hypothermia: Rewarm body evenly and without delay; Keep dry, protect from elements; Gradually give warm liquids; Be prepared to start basic life support; Seek medical treatment
Severe Hypothermia: Stabilize the temperature; Attempt to avoid further heat loss; Gently handle casualty; Evacuate to nearest treatment facility; Prompt medical attention is necessary - Describe the first aid measures for a snakebite?
- Move casualty away from snake; Remove jewelry; Reassure casualty and keep quiet; Apply a constricting band 1-2 fingerbreaths from bite; Immobilize the affected part in a position below the heart; Kill the snake; Seek medical attention
- What are the first aid measures for animal bites?
- Thoroughly cleanse the wound; Flush it well with water; Cover it with a sterile dressing; Immobilize the injured arm or leg; Seek medical attention
- What is a “Mark I NAAK�
- Nerve Agent Antidote Kit, Mark I
- What is meant by the “Mark II†configuration of the NAAK?
- The two autoinjectors are issued without the plastic slip to hold them together
- What are NAPP tablets?
- Nerve Agent Pyridostigmine Pretreatment tablets
- What are the nine MILD symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?
- Unexplained runny nose; Unexplained sudden headache; Sudden drooling; Difficulty seeing; Tightness in the chest or difficulty in breathing; Localized sweating and muscular twitching in the area of the contaminated skin; Stomach cramps; Nausea; Tachycardia followed by brachycardia
- What are the eleven SEVERE symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?
- Strange or confused behavior; Wheezing, difficulty in breathing, and coughing; Severely pinpointed pupils; red eyes with tearing; Vomiting; Severe muscular twitching and general weakness; Involuntary urination and defecation; Convulsions; Unconsciousness; Respiratory failure; Bradycardia
- What is the new nerve agent antidote injection device that has been fielded to replace the Mark I?
- Antidote Treatment, Nerve Agent, Autoinjector
- What is the biggest visible difference between the NAAK and the ATNAA?
- NAAK has two injectors; ATNAA has both packaged into a single container
- What does CANA stand for?
- Convulsant Antidote for Nerve Agents
- Where is the injection site for the NAAK, ATNAA, or CANA?
- The outer thigh muscle
- How many sets of the nerve agent antidote are you authorized to administer to yourself?
- One
- What is the maximum number of NAAK or ATNAA injections a soldier should receive through a combination of self-aid and buddy-aid?
- Three
- When should CANA be administered? Why?
- As buddy-aid, one CANA injection should be administered following the third set of autoinjections in order to prevent convulsions
- What are the first aid measures for treating blister agent poisoning?
- Use uncontaminated water to flush the eyes. Use the M291 decontamination kit to decontaminate the skin. If blisters form, cover them loosely with a field dressing and secure.
- What are the first aid measures for blood agent poisoning?
- Mask immediately! There are no first aid measures. SEEK ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY!
- What are the first aid measures for radiological casualties?
- Decontamination
- Transportation of the sick and wounded is normally the responsibility of whom?
- Medical personnel who have been provided special training and equipment
- What five factors depends on the distance that a casualty can be carried?
- Nature of the casualty’s injuries; Strength and endurance of the bearer; Weight of the casualty; Obstacles encountered during transport; Type of terrain
- Name some of the one-man carries.
- Fireman’s carry; Supporting carry; Saddleback carry’ Pistol-belt carry; Neck drag; LBE carry; Alternative fireman’s carry; Arms carry; Pack-strap carry; Pistol-belt carry; Cradle drop drag
- Name the five different two-man carries.
- Two-man support carry; Two-man fore-and-aft carry; Two-hand seat carry; Two-man arms carry; Four-hand seat carry
- What organization provides mapping, charting, and all geodesy support to the armed forces and all other national security operations?
- The NGA
- What does NGA stand for?
- National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- What are some of the different TYPES of maps produced by the NGA?
- Planimetric; Topographic; Photomap; Joint Operations Graphics; Photomosaic; Terrain Model; Military City; Special
- The east-west rings around the earth and parallel to the equator are known as what?
- Parallels of Latitude or simply Parallels
- What are the north-south rings around the earth called?
- Meridians of Longitude or simply Meridians
- On what two grid systems are the military grid reference systems based on?
- Universal Transverse Mercator and Universal Polar Stereographic
- What are the two most commonly used base lines?
- Magnetic north and Grid north
- Which of the two approved techniques for holding the compass result in a greater degree of accuracy?
- Compass-to-cheek
- One key to success in tactical missions is the ability to move undetected to the objective. What are the four steps to land navigation?
- Know where you are; Plan the route; Stay on the route; Recognize the objective
- What FM covers “Map Reading and Land Navigation?â€
- FM 3-25.26
- What is a map?
- A graphic representation of a portion of the earth’s surface drawn to scale, as seen from above.
- Military maps are categorized by what two things?
- Scale and type
- What is meant by the “scale†of a map?
- Scale is expressed as a representative fraction and gives a ratio of map distance to ground distance
- DMA maps are classified by scale into what three categories?
- Small scale (1:1,000,000 and smaller); medium scale (larger than small scale maps but smaller than 1:75,000); large scale (1:75,000 and larger)
- What is meant by the “military grid reference system?â€
- It is a network of squares formed by north-south, east-west lines superimposed on a geographic projection
- What is the principle for reading grid coordinates on military maps?
- RIGHT and UP
- The graphic scale is divided into two parts. What are they?
- Primary scale and the extension scale
- What is a pace count?
- A “pace†is equal to one natural step – the number of paces it takes you to walk 100 meters
- What six conditions must be considered when adjusting pace count?
- Slopes, winds, surfaces, elements, clothing, and visibility
- How many base lines are there on a military map and what are they?
- True North; Magnetic North; and Grid North
- Define the term “azimuth?â€
- A horizontal angle measured clockwise from a north base line
- What is a “back azimuth†and how is it obtained?
- It is the opposite direction of an azimuth; If azimuth is <180, add 180; If azimuth is >180, subtract 180
- What is meant by “declination?â€
- The angular difference between any two north’s
- What is the “declination diagram†and where is it located?
- This diagram shows the relationship between true north, magnetic north and grid north; it is located in the lower margin on most large scale maps
- What is meant by “intersection?â€
- A method used to determine the location of an unknown point by successively occupying at least two known positions on the ground and then map sighting on the unknown location
- What is meant by “resection?â€
- A method used to locate one’s position on a map by determining the grid azimuth to at least two well-defined locations that can be pinpointed on the map
- What is an “overlay?â€
- A clear sheet of plastic or semi-transparent paper on which information is plotted to the same scale as the map it is to be used on
- What device is considered the most common and simplest instrument for measuring direction?
- The lensatic compass
-
What are the four types of compasses described in
FM 3-25.26? - Lensatic compass, artillery compass, wrist/pocket compass, and protractor
- What are the three major parts of the lensatic compass?
- Cover, base, and lens
- What are the two approved techniques for holding the compass when sighting?
- Centerhold and compass-to-cheek
- Name three field expedient methods for determining the four cardinal directions.
- Shadow-tip method, watch method, and star method
- What is “elevation?â€
- The vertical distance above or below sea level
- What is “relief?â€
- The representation of the shapes of hills, valleys, streams, or other terrain features on the earth’s surface
- What are the five methods of depicting relief?
- Layer tinting, form lines, shaded relief, hachures, and contour lines
- What are “contour lines?â€
- Imaginary lines on the ground that connect points of equal elevation
- What are the three types of contour lines?
- Index, Intermediate, and Supplementary
- What are the five MAJOR terrain features?
- Hill, Valley, Ridge, Saddle, Depression
- What are the three MINOR terrain features?
- Draw, Spur, Cliff
- What are the two SUPPLEMENTARY terrain features?
- Cut and Fill