Vocab for Ch. 1 and Ch.2 history
Terms
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- ziggurat
- a temple in Mesopotamia that had a distinctive shape and was used to store goods that were given as offerings. people worked and lived there.
- hegemony
- dominance or control (powerful country has influence on a region)
- bronze age
- roughly from 3000-1000 BCE when bronze replaced the use of stone for materials
- royal standard of ur
- an artifact from the Royal Graves of Ur that contained pictures that are important to scholars
- bas-relief
- sculpture in which the carvings project slightly from the background
- theocracy
- a gov't under control of religious leaders
- cuneiform
- the first writing done with a stylus on a damp clay tablet and preserved through drying in the sun
- empire
- several lands joined together under rule of an emperor
- irrigation
- supplying water to agricultural land by artificial means
- culture
- the human way of life
- usurp
- to take over a position with out any legal rights
- stele
- a monument that was vertical, either small or large, that held writing or pictures to commemorate or record something
- archaeology
- the study of history through artifacts
- artisan
- someone who makes things out of raw materials
- prehistory
- events that occurred before writing
- deify
- to declare someone god
- cylinder seals
- small cylinders decorated with images that were rolled on damp clay for signatures
- monarch
- a ruler who is a king or queen
- history
- a record of events that happened in the past
- civilization
- a more advanced way of living
- scribe
- someone who writes, usually respected position in ancient society
- anthropology
- the study of humans
- polytheism
- to worship many gods
- historiography
- author's opinion of an event in history
- votive statues
- small devotional statues that sumerians left in the ziggurat to appease their gods
- epic
- poems and stories that tell the deeds of heroes
- surplus
- food/goods produced that are extra and are available to sell
- gilgamesh
- the epic story of king Gilgamesh, who searched for immortality
- city-state
- a city or area that is also an independent political unit
- semitic
- an adjective used to describe a group of people whose language could be traced back to the same root
- dynasty
- when rule of a country or empire is handed down from generation to generation