Lecture Exam 1
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- According to one hypothesis for the formation of life on earth, which of the folowing stages does not apply?
- none of the above
- The patern of change over a long period of time is termed
- macroevolution
- ____synthesis of organic monomers is a testable hypothesis
- abiotic
- the formation of organic molecules takes a considerable amount of
- energy
- The synthesis of organic molecules may have occurred at submerged volcano sites and sub-sea vents because of these areas being rich in inorganic ____ and ____ compounds, which are very important in ATP synthesis
- sulfur and iron
- Evolutionary biology is about process and
- history
- Phylogenies are based upon common
- ancestries
- ____ rock provides for the best fossilization of animal hard parts.
- sedimentary
- The evolutionary history of an organism is its
- phylogeny
- Which of the following provides clues to an oranism's phylogeny?
- all of the above
- Similarities due to shared ancestry are termed
- homologies
- Similarities due to evolution are analogies.
- convergent
- ___ are analogous structures that have evolved independently.
- homoplasies
- Linnaeus' system of classification is based upon recognizing ____ amongst organisms.
- similarities and differences
- The ___ is a two-part naming system
- binomial
- The broadest taxonomic hierarchical category is the
- domain
- Genera of organisms are grouped into the next highest category, the
- family
- Any named taxonomic subunit at any level is termed a/an
- taxon
- A valid clade is
- monophyletic
- Phylogenetic trees are hypotheses.
- true
- An organism's evolutionary is documented in its genome.
- true
- Organisms interact with their environment.
- true
- the joining of monomers usually results in the production of polymers.
- true
- Hypothetically, biotic processes may have synthesized abiotic molecules.
- false
- It appears, from research evidence, that DNA was the first genomic material.
- false
- In order for natural selection to work, a genetic information system must be present.
- true
- Dating of fossils can be made using radio-_____ materials.
- carbon
- Rock-like layers of cyanobacteria and sediment seem to form the first fossils called
- stromatolites
- Metabolism is a necessary process that evolved to provide ___ to prokaryotes.
- energy
- The only photosynthetic prokaryotes that generate O2 are the
- cyanobacteria
- A prokaryotic organism has
- none of the above
- The Endosymbiotic Hypothesis suggests that two organisms merged and one of the organisms became reduced in size and function.
- true
- It appears that the first multicellular organisms were colonies that did not exhibit division of labor.
- true
- Prokaryotes were the earliest organisms on earth.
- true
- Nearly all prokaryotes have a ____ ____ exgternal to the plasma membrane.
- cell wall
- In a hypertonic solution, most prokaryotes _____ water and plasmolyze like other walled cells.
- lose
- The ____ stain technique is used as a tool for identifying specific bacteria based upon differences in their cell walls.
- gram
- The composition of a bacterial cell wall determines whether or not the bacterium is gram positive or gram negative.
- true
- A gram ____ bacterium has simple walls with large amounts of peptidoglycan
- positive
- Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by ____ _____
- binary fission
- The primary locomotor structure of the Euglenozoans is the
- flagellum
- Trypanosoma, a kinetoplastid euglenozoan, causes African sleeping sickness,
- true
- Toxins produced by some dinoflagellate organisms may cause what is termed the "red tide"
- true
- Malaria is the result of the infection of the blood by an apicomplexan organism that has no lomotor structure
- true
- Ciliates are a diverse group of protists, named for their use of ____ to move and feed.
- cilia
- The heterotrophic stramenopiles, the Oomycetes, include which of the folowing organisms?
- all of the above
- Diatoms are ___ algae with unique glass-like walls
- unicellular
- Golden algae or ___ are named for the presence of their yellow and brown pigment
- chrysophytes
- The term biflagellated means having
- two flagella
- The term "seaweed" often refers to ____ algae
- all of the above
- Brown algae, or phaeophytes, are the largest and most complex protist known.
- true
- Some algae have life cycles with alternating haploid and diploid generations.
- true
- Which of the following is not a process carried by a living thing
- turning green
- Which of the following polysaccharides is found in the wall of the Archaea?
- Peptidoglycan
- Red and green algae are the closest relatives of land plants.
- true
- -phyte
- plant
- iso-
- same
- pseudo-
- false
- hetero-
- different
- -podium
- foot
- photo-
- light
- exo-
- outside
- bi-
- two
- -philos
- loving
- halo-
- salt