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French Revolution & Enlightenment

World History Quiz 12/18

Terms

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Deists
These scientists challenged traditional religion by beliving that the universe was not created by God, but by an alternative supreme being much like a clockmaker.
Tennis Court Oath
A pledge by the members of France's National Assembly who vowed to meet until they made a new constitution.
Geocentric
Earth Centered (Church's way, everything revolves around the human race)
Linnaeus
Created a system of classifying living things called taxonomy.
Social world of the Enlightenment
People read books, newspapers, magazines. Wealthy know most about the Enlightenment.
Harvey
Discovered the circulation of blood. Published findings on experiments done with anatomy and circulatory system.
Intellectual Causes
People have ideas in their heads about how they can have rights.
Third Estate
This is the social class that represented 97% of the population of culture.
King Louis XVI
Unpopular policies, charging taxes, helped trigger the french revolution. Married to Marie Antoinette, eager to avenge grandfather, not fit for a king.
Hooke
Was inspired by monastary floor plan and named the building block of living things cells.
Salons
Gathering of the social, political, and cultural elite in France during the Enlightenment. Usually in homes.
Political Causes
First and Second Estates made all political desicions. French and Indian War, helped out in American Revolution. (spending money!)
Voltaire
Freedom of speech: "I may not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
Rousseau
Suggested a therory of government that involved people sacrificing some of their rights in order to serve the common good.
Locke
He encouraged public education, freedom of the press, and the natural rights of life, liverty, and the ownership of property. (Grandfather of the Enlightenment)
Social Causes
3rd estate was the only estate that had to pay taxes. (the poor people paid the rich)
Causes of French Revolution
Three Estates, 97% of population in lower class. Excessive money spent by monarchy. Funded many wars, lost territories, borrowing money and increasing taxes on already poor 3rd estate.
France Pre-Revolution
A monarchy with a long period of misused money. Economic depression. Trade down, poor harvests, food shortages hunger, unemployment. Enlightement planted ideas in peoples heads that they had rights.
Ptolemy
Geocentric Universe, Humans at one end of the universe, God at the other
Newton
Proved laws of motion, and gravity.
Heliocentric
Sun Centered (True way, Gaileo and Copernicus proved it, but church didn't want anything to do with it.)
Smith
Theorized that governments should stay out of the economy and let the forces of supply and demand control the market.
Causes in Sequential order
France Sends financial & physical support to the American colonists in the American Revolution. King Louis XVI calls for a meeting of the Estates General (Nothing Happens). Storming of the Bastille (a prison, killed the governer and put his head on a stick) The national assembly is locked out of their meeting place and take the "Tennis Court Oath", the National Assembly writes the Declaration of the rights of Man and the Citizens.
Economic Causes
Excessive government spending, lavish lifestyle and wars. Bad crops and harvest.
Bacon and Descartes
Clamed that the Scientific Method would free people from ignorance.
Galileo
He took his theories back so he wasn't excommunicated from the church. Invented a more advanced telescope and confirmed hypothesis of Copernicus in the early 17th century.
Effects of the Enlightenment
Planted seeds in the heads of people who were sick of the old way of monarchies.
Montesquieu
Proposed separation of power within a government in the for of executive, legislative, and judicial powers.
Diderot
Published the first encyclopedia, controversial because people used it as a reference rather than the Bible.
Enlightenment Religion
New Protestant churches, John Welsley preaches Methodisim, many people converted.
Copernicus
Moon orbits Earth, thought universe was Heliocentric or sun centered.
Marie Antoinette
French Queen & wife of Louis XVI, member of the royal family of Austria & unpopular among the Frech, known as "Madame Decicit" due to her excessive spending habits.
Mary Wollstonecraft
Wrote Vindication of the Rights of Man and A Vindication of the Rights of Women, English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women.
Bourgeosise
The Middle Class
Leeuwenhoek
He created a more sophisticated microscope that enabled scientists to examine microorganisims.

Deck Info

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