Human Genetics, Chapter 4
Terms
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- Chromatin
- The component material of chromosomes, visible as clumps or threads in nuclei under a microscope
- Chromosomes
- The threadlike structures in the nucleus that carry genetic information
- Sex Chromosomes
- In humans, the X and Y chromosomes that are involved in sex determination
- Autosomes
- Chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes. Chromosome numbers 1 through 22 are autosomes
- Genes
- The fundamental uits of heredity
- Cell Cycle
- The sequence of events that takes place between successive mitotic divisions
- Interphase
- The period of time in the cell cycle between mitotic division
- Mitosis
- Form of cell division that produces two cells, each of which has the same complement of chromosomes as the parent cell
- Cytokinesis
- The process of cytoplasmic division that accompanies cell division
- Prokayotic cells
- are found in bacteria, they do not have a nucleus but they do contain DNA
- Eukaryotic cells
- Cells with a nucleus, are found in all multicellular organisms. They all have DNA inside thier nucleus
- Diploid (2n)
- The condition in which each chromosome is represented twice as a member of a homologous pair
- Haploid (n)
- The condition in which each chromosome is represented once in an unpaired condition