Biology4
Terms
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- heredity
- transmission of genetic traits from parent to offspring
- genetics
- study of heredity
- monohybrid cross
- cross involving one pair of contrasting traits
- true-breeding
- displaying only one frm of a particular trait in an offspring
- P generation
- the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross
- F1 generation
- the first offspring froma cross of two varieties in the parental generation
- F2 generation
- the offspring from crosses among individuals of the F1 generation
- allele
- an alternative form of a gene
- dominant
- genetic trat that is expressed when its allele is homozygous or heterozygous
- recessive
- genetic trait that is not expressed when the contrasting form of the trait is present
- homozygous
- refers to an individual with two identical alleles for a trait
- heterozygous
- refers to anidvidual with two different allels for a trait
- genotype
- the genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles
- phenotype
- observable characteristics of an organism
- law of segregation
- first law of heredity stating that pais of alleles for a trait seperate when gametes are formed
- law of indenpendent assortmen
- second law of heredity stating that pairs of genes seperate independently of one another in meiosis
- punnett square
- diagram used by bioloists to predict the probable outcome of a genetic cross
- test cross
- a genetic cross of an indidivual whose phenotype is dominant but whose genotype is unknown, with a homozygous recessive individual
- probablity
- the likelyhood that a specific event will occur
- pedigree
- family history that shows how a trait is inherited over several generations
- sex-linked trait
- a trait that is determined by a gene found on the X chromosome