Chapter 4 Vocab - Science
KELLY~check it out.
Terms
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copy deck
- Punnet square
- a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
- purebread
- an organism that is the offspring of many generations that have the same trait
- transfer RNA
- RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosomes and adds them to the growing protiens
- meiosis
- the process that occurs in formation of sex cells (sperm or egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half
- trait
- a characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through genes
- recessive allele
- an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
- heredity
- the passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring
- messenger RNA
- RNA that copies the coded messages from the DNA in the nucleus, and carries the message to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
- genotype
- an organisms genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
- gene
- the set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
- allele
- different forms of genes
- fertilization
- the joing of a sperm and an egg
- heterozygous
- an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
- hybrid
- an organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a specific trait
- probability
- to predict the results of a preticular event
- mutation
- any change in a gene or chromosome
- dominant allele
- an allele who's traits always show up in the organism when present
- genetics
- the scientific study of heredity
- codominance
- a condition in which neither of the two alleles of a gene is domain or resessive
- homozygous
- an organism that has two identical alleles for that trait
- phenotype
- an organisms physical apperance, or visibale traits