Cellular structures
Terms
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- plasma membrane
- outer boundary composed of phospholipids, cholesterol and protein that encloses cytoplasm; Guards; communicates; identifies
- cytoplasm
- lies between plasma membrane and nucleus; internal living material of cells; contains numerous structures of cell as well as the fluid as the internal environment
- nucleus
- double membraned spherical envelope containing DNA that dictates protein synthesis; ATP, metabolism, growth, and heredity
- interstitial fluid
- fluid located in microscopic spaces between cells
- tissue fluid
- a dilute salt water solution that bathes every cellular body
- organelle
- cell organ
- phospholipid
- phosphate containing fat molecule; doubled up forms the plasma membrane
- ribosomes
- "protein facory"; synthesises protein inside the cytoplasm of the cell
- endosplasmic reticulum
- absorbd proteins from Ribosomes to carry to areas that processes them chemically; manufactures fats, proteins and carbs to make cellular mebrane; rough- recieves and transports proteins, smooth- synthesises lipids and carbs
- golgi apparatus
- tiny flattened sacs stacked on top of one another close to nucleus; fuse with protein containing vesicles from smooth ER, chemically processes it, packages in other vesicles, breaks off and sends out to and through plasma membrane; "Chemical processings and packaging center"
- mitochondria
- 2 membranous sacs; "power plants"; contain enzymes to use oxygen for breaking down glucose and other nutrients
- lysosomes
- contain enzymes to digest food compounds; "Digestive bags"; Protect cells against destruction
- centrioles
- paired rod shaped structures that lie at right angles to eachother; plays important role in cellular division
- cilia
- extremely fine hairlike extensions on exposed/ free surface on some cells; move together in wavelike motion; ex. propels mucus upward over cells that line respiratory tract
- flagella
- single long projection extending from cell surface used for movement; only one in body is sperm cells "tail"