Psychology Test, Chpts 1-3
Terms
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- Where was psychology born, and in what year?
- Germany, 1879
- What school of thought dealt with mental testing, stream of conciousness, adaption to environment, and was learned from Darwin?
- Functionalism
- Who developed unconcious motivation?
- Freud
- What school of thought was optimistic, and looked at the individuality of people and ideas?
- Humanistic
- What branch of psychology tried to solve practical problems after WW1?
- Applied Psychology
- What does cognitive psychology deal with?
- thought and strategies
- Adaptive value of species...
- Evolutionary
- What is psychometrics?
- psychological testing
- What field deals with job perfomance and job satisfaction?
- industrial/organizational
- What does Empiricism mean?
- knowledge aquired to through observation
- What is theory?
- ideas and hypothesis, instead of observation
- What do researchers do in order to avoid being too subjective?
- follow scientific method
- When you change your answer on a multiple choice test your usually changing a wrong answer to a right answer!
- TRUE
- Before answering a multiple choice question....
- read all possible answers
- Being able to apply/working toward goal reasoning is....
- critical thinking
- What school of thought believes psychology is imperical?
- Behaviorists
- What are the goals of research science?
- measurement and description, understanding and prediction, application and control
- What is a hypothesis?
- a prediction about human behavior
- What type of method would you use if your trying to get attitudes of people?
- survey or questioniere
- What is the difference between experiment and control group?
-
exp- gets manipulated by the experiment
cont- isolate effect of independent variable on dependent variable- no manipulation - What is the extraneous variable?
- extraneous variable influences dependent variable; at the same time independent variable influences the dependent variable also.
- What is meant in positive relationship/correlation between two variables?
- two variables going the same direction
- What is naturalistic observation?
- the outside view of actual observation, not involved, but participatory
- Quasi?
- Can't manipulate factors in actual experiment
- What is a placebo?
- fake treatment thats ineffective, but subject still thinks it has response.
- What is experimenter bias?
- researchers expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained.
- What section of the journal article does statistical analysis occur?
- Results
- in an experiment if physical exercise effects a persons mood what is the dependent variable?
- the persons mood
- What is social desirable responding?
- the tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself
- What changes occur in neuro impulse charge?
- becomes less negative or even positive
- What part of the brain controls reflexes like sneezing, coughing, salivating?
- Hind brain
- What controls breathing and circulation?
- Medula
- What part of frontal lobe affects production of speech?
- Broca's area
- Where does the production of language take place?
- left hemisphere
- Where does the development of sex character in puberty take place?
- banantrophins
- research in environment/ nature vs. nurture
- in rats, the brains were heavier and more enriched
- What was found in animal research?
- its extreme
- How do neurons communicate?
- one neuron to another neuron
- What is info carried in?
- neurotransmitters
- What are the effects of electric stimulationon, when rewarding the brain, what neurotransmitter was released?
- dopamine
- what are responsible for hereditary transmission?
- genes
- what is a genotype?
- genetic material is the same (ex. identical twins)
- Schizophrenia is inherited by what?
- predispostition (environment interacts with heredity)
- What is fitness?
- Reproductive success; # of descendants or success in relation to rest of population
- What conclusions were made about studies on hemispheres of the brain?
- they are overgeneralized