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life science Chapter5Genetics

Terms

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recessive
describes a trait that is covered over, or dominated, by another form of trait and seems to disappear
dominant
describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait
punnet square
a tool to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can combine
allele
an alternate form that a gene may have for a single trait; can be dominate or recessive
hybrid
an offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent
genetic engineering
biological and chemical methods to change the arrangement of a gene's DNA to improve crop production
incomplete dominance
production of a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous parents
homozygous
describes an organism with two alleles thats are the same for a trait
genetics
the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles
heredity
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
phenotype
outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism
heterozygous
describes an organism with two different alleles for a trait
polygenic inheritance
occurs when a group of gene pairs acts together and produces a specific trait eye and skin color height
sex-linked gene
an allele inherited on a sex chromosome, can cause human genetic disorders
genotype
an organism's genetic makeup

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