Personal Health Management Vocab Chapters 1-3
Terms
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- Personality
- Sum of behavior, emotional, and cognitive tendencies
- Social phobia
- Excessive fear of performing in public
- Allostatic load
- Long-term negative impact of the stress response on the body
- Authenticity
- Genuineness
- Autonomy
- Independence; the sense of being self-directed
- Locus of control
- Figurative "place" a person designates as the source of responsibility for the events in his or her life
- Normality
- Psychological characteristics attributed to the majority of a people in a population at a given time
- Intrinsic reward
- reward that comes from within the individual rather than externally
- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
- Anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about all kinds of things and anxiety in many situations
- General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
- Pattern of stress responses consisting of 3 stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
- Target behavior
- Isolated behavior selected as the object of a behavior change plan
- Autonomic nervous system
- Branch of nervous system that controls basic body processes
- Self-actualization
- Highest level of growth in Maslow's hierarchy
- Stress response
- Physical and emotional changes associated with stress
- Simple (specific) anxiety
- Persistent and excessive fear of a specific object, activity, or situation
- Depression
- Mood disorder characterized by loss of interest, sadness, hopelessness, loss of appetite, disturbed sleep, and other physical symptoms
- Reinforcing factors
- Presence or absence of support, encouragement or discouragement from those around you
- Distress
- Stress resulting from an unpleasant stressor
- Wellness
- Optimal health and vitality, encompassing physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, interpersonal and social, and environmental well-being
- Barrier/obstacles
- Something that holds a person back from achieving his or her goal
- Other-directed
- Guided in behavior by the values and expectations of others
- Defense mechanism
- A mental mechanism for coping with conflict or anxiety
- Burnout
- A state of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion
- Extrinsic reward
- Reward, such as food, that is tangible and visible to others
- Relaxation response
- A physiological response characterized by a feeling of warmth and quiet mental alertness
- Imagery
- A mental process and a wide variety of procedures used in therapy to encourage changes in attitudes, behavior, or physiological reactions
- Parasympathetic division
- Division of the autonomic nervous system that moderates the excitatory effect of the sympathetic division, slowing metabolism and restoring energy supplies
- Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
- Mood disorder characterized by seasonal depression, usually occurring in winter, when there is less daylight
- Stressor
- Physical or psychological event or condition that produces stress
- Mania
- Mood disorder characterized by excessive elation, irritability, talkativeness, inflated self-esteem, and expansiveness
- Visualization response
- Technique for promoting relaxation or improving performance that involves creating or recreating mental pictures of a place or experience
- Homeostasis
- A state of stability and consistency in an individual's physiological functioning
- Assertiveness
- Expression that is forceful but not hostile
- Obsession
- A recurrent, irrational, unwanted thought or impulse
- Norepinephrine
- Neurotransmitter released by sympathetic nervous system onto target tissues to increase their function in the face of increased activity
- Compulsion
- An irrational, repetitive, forced action, usually associated with an obsession
- Schizophrenia
- Psychological disorder that involves a disturbance in thinking and in perceiving reality
- Fight or flight reaction
- Defense reaction that prepares an individual for conflict by triggering hormonal, cardiovascular, metabolic, and other changes
- Agoraphobia
- Anxiety disorder characterized by fear of being alone away from help and avoidance of many different places and situations
- Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
- Study of the interactions among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems
- Enabling factors
- Skills and abilities; resources available; can be positive or negative
- Sympathetic division
- Division of autonomic nervous system that reacts to danger or other challenges by almost instantly accelerating body processes
- Chronic disease
- Disease that develops and continues over a long period of time
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Anxiety disorder characterized by reliving traumatic events through dreams, flashbacks, and hallucinations
- Anxiety
- Feeling of fear that is not directed toward any definite threat
- Predisposing factors
- Knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes based on life experiences as well as gender, age, race, and socioeconomic backgrounds
- Gender
- Roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Anxiety disorder characterized by uncontrollable, recurring thoughts and the performing of senseless rituals
- Eustress
- Stress resulting from a pleasant stressor
- Bipolar disorder
- A mental illness characterized by altering periods of depression and mania
- Somatic nervous system
- Branch of nervous system that governs motor function and sensory information
- Self-esteem
- Satisfaction and confidence in oneself; the valuing of oneself as a person
- Cognitive distortion
- Pattern of thinking that makes evens seem worse than they are
- Self-efficacy
- Belief in one's ability to take action and perform a specific behavior
- Sex
- Biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women
- Infectious disease
- Disease that is easily passed from one person to another
- Genes
- Basic unit of heredity; a section of genetic material containing chemical instructions for making a particular protein
- Phobia
- Unreasonable sort of fear that can cause avoidance and panic
- Stress
- Collective physiological and emotional responses to any stimulus that disturbs an individual's homeostasis
- Meditation
- Technique for quieting the mind by focusing on a particular word, object, or process
- Genome
- Complete set of genetic material in an individual's cells
- Panic disorder
- A syndrome of severe anxiety attacks accompanied by physical symptoms
- Inner-directed
- Guided in behavior by an inner set of rules and values
- Self-concept
- The ideas, feelings, and perceptions one has about oneself; also called "self-image"