Science Final
7th grade science finals...! studyy studyy stuuudddyyyy !!!!
Terms
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- centrioles
- found in animal cells only
- melting
- solid to liquid
- extinct
- no more of this organism alive on earth
- parasitism
- one benifits, and the other is harmed
- chemical formula
- uses numbers & letters to represent the substance
- telophase
- chromo's reach end of cell, spindle fibers disapear, nuc mem forms, cell mem pinches in, dividing into 2 cells
- paired alleles
- traits are inherited in
- T
- A
- homeostasis
- regulation of steady life maintaining conditions inside an organism or cell despite changes in its enviornment
- chloroplasts
- holds chlorophyll, process: photosynthesis *plant only*
- element
- a substance that is made of atoms that are the same
- products of photosynthesis
- O2 and glucose [C6H1206]
- seeds
- protects new plant, feeds the plant with cotyledon
- gregor mendel
- father of genetics
- biosphere
- the portion of earth that supports life
- chemical equation
- what happens in a chemical reaction
- proton mass
- 1 amu [atomic mass unit]
- purebred
- an organism with 2 alleles that are exactly the same for a trait
- interphase
- dna copies its self
- lichen
- an organism that has a mutualistic relationship with fungus and algea
- Secondary consumer
- cannot do photosynthesis, eat primary consumers
- mitochondria
- releases energy, process: cellular respiration
- evergreen
- a tree that does not lose its leaves in the winter, and stays green all year round
- sublimation
- solid to gas
- pistil
- female part, contains the stigma, style, ovaries
- condensation
- gas to liquid
- microscope
- helped scientists develop cell theory
- stimuli
- allows the body to react/respond to the enviornment [heat, light, sound, vibration, odor]
- abiotic factors
- air currents, temperature, moisture, thunder, lightening, light, soil, water, gases in air
- organic compound elements
- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
- heredity
- passing of traits from parent to offspring
- female sex cell
- egg
- carnivore
- eats only other animals
- land, water, and atmosphere
- the 3 parts of the biosphere
- exo-therms
- fish, amphibians, reptiles
- DNA
- genetic material is made of
- phenotype
- the physical apperance of an organism
- metaphase
- chromo's line up in middle of cell
- genetics
- scientific study of heredity
- enzymes
- made of proteins
- male sex cell
- sperm
- commensalism
- one organism benefits, and the other is neither helped nor harmed
- decideuous
- a tree that loses its leaves in the winter
- 50%
- probability the baby will be a girl
- cell membrane
- protective barrier to keep out water, controles what goes in & out of the cell, made of proteins & phospholipids, 2 layers
- fruit
- spreads the seeds through pollination
- cytoplasm
- holds organelles in place, and contains water and chemicals
- saprobe
- decomposer
- anaphase
- chromo's seperate & spindle fibers pull them toward end of cell
- herbivore
- eats only plants
- ribsomes
- makes proteins
- energy
- all organisms use and release
- function of DNA
- direct cell activities & has cell characteristics
- prophase
- chromo's thicken, nuc mem disappears, centrioles move to end of cell, spindle fibers form
- asexual reproduction
- when one organism can produce offspring by itself
- habitat
- the place where an organism lives
- dehydration synthesis
- bonding of 2 molecules by removing a molecule of water
- chromosome
- rod shaped structure made of DNA that becomes visible when cells begin to divide. DNA wrapped around protein
- stem
- has vascular tissue, provides support, holds leaves toward sun
- newest rock layers
- at the top
- roots
- absorb water & minerals, anchors the plant
- energy of sublimation
- absorbed
- producer
- make their own food by trapping sunlight & using it in photosynthesis
- decomposer
- break down the remains of dead organisms
- food web
- interconnected network of food chains
- atoms
- all matter is composed of
- dominant
- an allele that overshadows another allele
- flowers
- attract pollinators, hold the reproductive parts
- energy of melting
- absorbed
- food chain
- shows the simple flow of energy from one organism to another (arrows point in direction of energy flow)
- hybrid
- an organism that has 2 different alleles for a trait
- adaptation
- a trait that makes an organism better able to live in an enviornment *some are caused by mutations*
- recessive
- an allele that gets overshadowed by another allele
- sedimentary rocks
- most fossils are found in
- metabolism
- the process of breaking down food and converting it into energy to be used by the body
- photosynthesis
- how producers get their energy
- regeneration
- when a part of an organism breaks off and becomes a new organism
- pollution
- contaminates the enviornment
- synthesis
- taking simple stuff and building stuff that is more complex
- pedigree chart
- used to show alleles being passed down from one generation to the next
- mutation
- a change in the DNA or chromosomes of a cell. can be passed to offspring. some are harmless, some are harmful, and other are helpful
- endangered
- in danger of becoming extinct
- oldest rock layers
- at the bottom
- compound
- a substance composed of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined
- omnivore
- eats both plants and animals
- reactants of photosynthesis
- CO2, sunlight, and water [H2O]
- chemical symbol
- abbreviation of an element
- leaves
- do photosynthesis
- Primary consumer
- cannot do photosynthesis, and must obtain nutrients from other organisms (eat producers)
- pyramid of numbers
- most organisms at the producer level, and the fewest at the secondary consumer level
- G
- C
- law of conservation of mass
- matter cannot be created not destroyed
- cotyledon
- a food supply for a baby plant, which is inside the seed. stores food while it is maturing.
- genotype
- the genetic make up of an organism
- reactants of cellular respiration
- O2 and glucose [C6H1206]
- amino acids
- the building blocks of proteins
- nucleus
- directs activities of the cell, contains genetic blueprints for a cell
- energy of condensation
- released
- energy of evaporation
- absorbed
- ecosystem
- made up of biotic community & the abiotic factors that affesct it
- sexual reproduction
- when an egg is fertilized by a sperm
- C
- G
- vacuole
- stores nutrients/waste products, increases cell size during growth, regulates turgor pressure
- 50%
- probability the baby will be a boy
- cell wall
- provides & mantains shape, protective barrier, made of cellulose
- endo-therms
- birds, mammals
- evaporation
- liquid to gas
- freezing
- liquid to solid
- stamen
- male part, contains the anther and filament
- biotic factors
- plants, animals, humans, bacteria, insects
- energy of freezing
- released
- products of cellular respiration
- CO2, 36 ATP (energy), and water [H2O]
- A
- T
- mutualism
- both organisms benefit
- diffusion
- when molucules/atoms move to a higher concentration to a lower one
- pyramid of energy
- organisms use up ~90% of the energy the take in, only ~10% of energy is passed on when they get eaten
- darwins theory of evolution
- natural selection