WStudiesChpt13TestReview
Terms
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- Psychology
- The study of the mind and behavior.
- Auguste Comte
- The father of sociolgy.
- Ivan Pavlov
- Russian psychologist that did study using a dog. He found that reflexes can be changed through conditioning.
- Thomas Malthus
- Person who fought against government aid to the poor saying it only encouraged larger families and poverty.
- Genetics
- The science of heredity.
- Wealth of Nations
- Adam Smith's book about Laissez-faire economics.
- Urbanization
- Rapid growth of cities.
- Adam Smith
- Person who established the four guiding principles for a strict Laissez-faire economy.
- William Wilberforce
- Englishman who convinced the British parliament in 1807 to end slave trade.
- New Harmony
- Model community established in Indiana.
- Louis Pasteur
- Discovered a process for sterilizing milk through the use of heat.
- Communism
- Polictical and economic system in which the people own and share in everything that is produced. In the system, the government will eventually whither away because it won't be needed. Often referred to as complete socialism.
- Sociology
- The study of society and people interacting in groups.
- Communist Manifesto
- Book written by Karl Marx outlining communism.
- Marie Currie
- Scientist who won the Nobel prize for work dealing with radioactive elements. Later died from exposure to radiation.
- Sigmund Freud
- Psychologist who believed in the "talking cure" and the idea that all of one's problems could be traced back to childhood.
- Evolution
- The idea that things change over time and may even become a different species due to adaptation.
- Essay on the Principles of Population
- Book written by Malthus explaining his view of how population effects wages, poverty and industry.
- Laissez-Faire
- Government leave business alone. Let business run the way that is best for them.
- Joseph Lister
- This man used carbolic acid to sterilize medical equipment and reduce surgical fatalities due to infection.
- Emigration
- When a person leaves their country to go to another one.
- Iron Law of Wages
- A theory proposed by David Ricardo that says"...as long as population exceeds jobs, then people are never going to earn more than they need to survive,...they will always be near starvation."
- New Lanark
- Model community established in Scotland.
- Economics
- The "dismal science".
- Karl Marx
- Father of communism.
- Utilitarianism
- The idea that society should work for the greatest happiness for the greatest number of citizens. Laws should be judged on usefulness, advancing human happiness and reducing human misery.
- Edward Jennar
- Person who developed the vaccination for smallpox.
- John Dalton
- Scientist who developed the theory that all matter is made up of tiny indestructible particles called atoms. He proved the atomic theory.