Prelab 2 vocab
Terms
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- gene
- The fundamental unit of heredity. Consists of a sequence of DNA bases that carries the information for synthesizing a protein (or polypeptide) and occupies a specific chromosomal locus.
- Mendel’s Principal of Independent Assortment
- Genes found on different chromosomes are sorted into six sex cells independently of one another.
- Mitosis
- Somatic cell division in which a single cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells.
- Meiosis
- Cell division that occurs in the testes and ovaries that leads to the formation of sperm and ova (gametes).
- Chromosomes
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Discrete structures of composed of condensed DNA and supporting proteins.
- Zygote
- A fertilized egg.
- Gametes
- The sex cells: sperms in males and eggs (ova) in females.
- Alleles
- Alternative versions of a gene. Alleles are distinguished from one another by their differing effects on the phenotypic expression of the same gene.
- Homozygous
- Having the same allele at the loci for a gene on both members of a pair of homologous chromosomes (or autosomes).
- Heterozygous
- Having two different alleles at the loci for a gene on a pair of homologous chromosomes (or autosomes).