Chapter 12- Middle school life science
Terms
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- Nose
- Filters, moistens, and warms or cools air before reaching the lungs
- Mucous membrane
- lines nose, moisens air
- Larynx
- Voice box
- Trachea
- Windpipe, air goes down trachea.
- Epiglotis
- allows air to go to lungs, and food to go to stomach
- Bronchi
- Lined with cilia. Air goes through after trachea
- Cilia
- Keep lungs clean
- Air Sacs
- allows for exchange of gasses
- Diaphragm
- Flattens and air enters lugns. When relaxed, it pushes up on the lungs and forces air out.
- Contents of Air we inhale
-
79% nitrogen
20% oxygen
1% other gases - Contents of Air we exhale
-
79% Nitrogen
1% other gases
4% carbon dioxide
16% oxygen -
Cellular Resperation
Equation and
Meaning -
sugar+oxygen=Carbondioxide+water+energy
Combining suguar and oxygen to produce energy - 3 effects of smoking
- speeds up heart rate, increases blood pressure, drops the temperature of fingers and toes, and interferes with gas exchange in lungs.
- 3 chemicals in cigarettes
- tars, carbon monoxide, nicotine
- Tars
- brown sticky substances that irritate the cells in respritory system
- Nicotine
- addicting chemical in cigs
- Carbon Monoxide
- gasses in smoke... when in lungs, hemoglobin in red cells pick it up instead of oxygen.
- Formula for Urea
- Protein=Amino acids=suguar+urea
- Kidneys
- filter blood, removing urea adn excess water
- Urine (contents of)
- 95% water, 5% calcium, other salts, and urea
- Ureters
- carry urine to bladder
- bladder
- stores urine
- sphincter (urinary)
- prevents urine from leaking out of the bladder
- Urethra
- tube that allows for urine to leave the body
- Antibodies
- recognize unique parts of particular foreign substances-- then attack it
- Immunity
- when your antibodies recognize the particular disease
- Bone Marrow
- Produces white blood cells
- Lymph Nodes
- store white blood cell