Church History Vocab
Terms
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- ecumenical council
- every Catholic bishop in world invited to council
- liturgy of the hours
- extended worship of Lord throughout day - readings & prayers are taken from Mass of day
- monasticism
- asceticism as a form of religious life
- Christian
- a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination
- redemption
- the act of purchasing back something previously sold
- Apollinarianism
- false belief that said although Jesus had a human body he had no human soul
- Tradition of the Church
- the faith which the Church has received from Christ through the apostles and all of the ways the faith has been passed on.
- canonization
- (Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church) the act of admitting a deceased person into the canon of saints
- subsidiarity
- secondary importance
- encomiendas
- rights to demand taxes or labor from Native Americans
- liturgy of the word
- The first main part pf the Mass, in which God's Word is problaimed. God Speaks to us during the Liturgy of the Word
- veneration
- respect or awe inspired by the dignity, wisdom, dedication, or talent of a person
- ecumenism
- (Christianity) the doctrine of the ecumenical movement that promotes cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations: aimed at universal Christian unity
- confessors
- a priest who hears confession and gives absolution
- natural law
- a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society
- faith
- loyalty or allegiance to a cause or a person
- Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults
- They have an inquiry, catechumenate, period of enlightenment or illumination, and mystagogia.
- syncretism
- the fusion of originally different inflected forms (resulting in a reduction in the use of inflections)
- apostolic
- of or relating to or deriving from the Apostles or their teachings
- feudalism
- the social system that developed in Europe in the 8th C
- pope
- the head of the Roman Catholic Church
- Gnosticism
- a religious orientation advocating gnosis as the way to release a person's spiritual element
- Immaculate COnception
- (Christianity) the Roman Catholic doctrine that the Virgin Mary was conceived without any stain of original sin
- canon
- a collection of books accepted as holy scripture especially the books of the Bible recognized by any Christian church as genuine and inspired
- magisterium
- the teaching athuraty of the church
- synod
- a council convened to discuss ecclesiastical business
- purgatory
- (theology) in Roman Catholic theology the place where those who have died in a state of grace undergo limited torment to expiate their sins
- Penance
- a Catholic sacrament
- saint
- person of exceptional holiness
- Didache
- teachings of 12 Apostles
- priest
- a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites
- grace
- a disposition to kindness and compassion
- Sadducees
- sect of Jews in Judea consisting of priests and wealthy business people; conservatives
- catechumenate
- extensive period of preparation
- denomination
- a class of one kind of unit in a system of numbers or measures or weights or money
- virtue
- the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong
- disciple
- someone who believes and helps to spread the doctrine of another
- excommunication
- expelling someone from the church.
- evangelization
- proclaiming the Good News
- permanent constitution
- elements in the Church's structure which were established by Jesus.
- deacon
- a Protestant layman who assists the minister
- monotheism
- belief in a single God
- desert fathers
- Christian of about the fourth century who chose to live an ascetic life of prayer, fasting, and abstinence.
- eschatology
- the branch of theology that is concerned with such final things as death and judgment
- domestic chruch
- The domestich Church is the Christian family.
- Hellenists
- Those Jews who were more open to Greek and Roman influences and who were more willing ot allow their faither and religious practice to be shpaed to some extent by the culture and around them.
- hierarchy
- the organization of people at different ranks in an administrative body
- gospel
- a doctrine that is believed to be of great importance
- divine
- terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God
- Apostles' Creed
- very early statement of the Christian Faith
- original sin
- a sin inherited by all descendants of Adam
- sacrament
- a formal religious act conferring a specific grace on those who receive it
- apostle
- any important early teacher of Christianity or a Christian missionary to a people
- scripture
- any writing that is regarded as sacred by a religious group
- Gentiles
- non-Jewish people
- covenant
- (Bible) an agreement between God and his people in which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior from them in return
- Trinity
- the union of the Father and Son and Holy Ghost in one Godhead
- Incarnation
- the act of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas etc.
- second coming
- (Christian theology) the reappearance of Jesus as judge for the Last Judgment
- permanent ethic
- Those moral teachings which are essential corollaries of the Church's understanding of God revealed in Jesus.
- liturgy
- a rite or body of rites prescribed for public worship
- Assumption of Mary
- celebrating when Mary was taken up into heaven
- Idolatry
- the worship of idols
- asceticism
- rigorous self-denial and active self-restraint
- zealots
- Jews that rose up in armed rebellion against Rome in 66ce; unsuccessful, and Jewish Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed
- Israelites
- the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob)
- bastism of desire
- seeking the truth and doing the will of God to the best of one's understanding.
- mystagogia
- A time to understand and appreciate more deeply the Christian mysteries.
- Doctor of the Church
- (Roman Catholic Church) a title conferred on 33 saints who distinguished themselves through the othodoxy of their theological teaching
- Father of the Church
- (Christianity) any of about 70 theologians in the period from the 2nd to the 7th century whose writing established and confirmed official church doctrine
- crusades
- 1096 Christian Europe aim to reclaim Jerusalem and aid they Byzantines; 1st success and the rest a failure; weakens the Byzantines; opens up trade
- common good
- That which is most beneficial to the entire group or society
- value
- Something believed to be particularly important
- Council of Trent
- an ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church convened in Trento in three sessions between 1545 and 1563 in response to the Reformation
- Salvation History
- saving action of God throught human history
- apologists
- defenders of the faith
- prophet
- an authoritative person who divines the future
- evangelical counsels
- poverty, chastity, and obedience
- Hebrews
- a New Testament book traditionally included among the epistle of Saint Paul but now generally considered not to have been written by him
- monogamy
- having only one spouse at a time
- catholic
- universal
- Essenes
- sect of Jews of Judea who were uncompromising in their piety and their disgust with what they considered a corrupted priesthood; library is known as the Dead Sea Scrolls
- religious indifferentism
- Th attitude which holds that all religions and all ways of expressing one's faith are equal or essentially the same.
- preferential option for the poor
- Hermanuetics of suspicion. A shakey context is used...Solidarity with those who suffer. Think of two children, one who is suffering, as a parent you love your children both, but you may have tending care for the one who is suffering, and what
- Protestant reformation
- a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches, a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches
- bishop
- a clergyman having spiritual and administrative authority
- solidarity
- a union of interests or purposes or sympathies among members of a group
- apostasy
- the state of having rejected your religious beliefs or your political party or a cause (often in favor of opposing beliefs or causes)
- Sacraments of Initiation
- Baptism:cleaned of original sin, only received once; Confirmation:strenthens our faith from Baptism, only received once; Eucharist: receive the body and blood of Christ, received frequently
- Son of God
- A name or title for Jesus.
- kingdom of God
- the domain over which God is spiritually sovereign
- doctine
- An official teaching of the Church.
- Pharisees
- sect of Jews from Judea consisting of citizens of all classes; liberal and sought to study the applications of Torah to everyday life
- heresy
- a belief that rejects the orthodox tenets of a religion
- transubstantiation
- an act that changes the form or character or substance of something
- marks of the Church
- One, holy, catholic, apostolic
- absolution
- the act of absolving or remitting
- infallibility
- the quality of never making an error
- Nicene Creed
- (Christianity) a formal creed summarizing Christian beliefs
- social doctrine
- The body of Church teachings which relate to our economic and political interactions within the world.
- martyrology
- An official list of Christian saints and martyrs.
- just war theory
- one of the strongest arguments the church used to curtail war making
- holiness
- the quality of being holy
- permanent dogma
- Thos absolute truths which were revealed to us by Christ.
- religious syncretism
- The attempt to reconcile or blend the belifs and practices of various religions into one.
- Paschal Mystery
- Christ's work of redemption through His Passion, death, Resurrection, and Ascension
- dogma
- a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative
- salvation
- (Christianity) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil
- martyr
- one who suffers for the sake of principle
- sin
- an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of God's will
- eucharistic prayer
- The part of mass where transubstantiation takes place