From Bacteria to Plants
Science 7
Terms
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- Chlorophyll
- a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria p110
- Genus
- a classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species p18
- Asexual reproduction
- a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that is identical to the parent p52
- Nucleus
- a organelle in a eukarotic cell that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that directs the cell's activities p27
- Vacuole
- a large sac-like storage area for water,food, wastes. etc. in a cell p105
- Decomposer
- an organism that breaks down chemicals from dead organisms and returns important materials to the soil and water p56
- Vascular system
- the vessels and tissue that carry or circulate fluids such as blood or lymph or sap through the body of an animal or plant
- Angiosperm
- a flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed in a protective structure p151
- Accessory Pigment
- any pigment other than chlorophyll found in plant cells p116
- Prokaryote
- an organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structures p27
- Sporophyte
- the stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces spores p110
- Sexual reproduction
- the process by which a new organism develops from the joining of two sex cells p9
- Vaccine
- a substance used to prepare the body for specific viruses 65
- Flower
- the reproductive structure of an angiosperm p152
- Conjugation
- the process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism p52
- Classification
- the process of grouping things based on their similarities p17
- Evolution
- the process by which species gradually change over time p23
- Nonvascular plant
- a low-growing plant that lacks true vascular tissue p108
- Chloroplast
- a plant cell structure in which photosynthesis occurs p105
- Hyphae
- the branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multi cellular fungi p89
- Fertilization
- the joining of a sperm cell and an egg cell p107
- Pasteurization
- a process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food p55
- Reflection
- the process by which light bounces off an object p115
- Flagellum
- a long, whip like structure that helps a cell to move p49
- Controlled experiment
- an experiment in which all factors are identical except one p10
- Infectious disease
- an illness that can pass from one organism to another p60
- Tissue
- a group of similar cells that perform a specific function in an organism p105
- Absorption
- the process by which an object takes in, or absorbs, light p115
- Antibiotic resistance
- the ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic p63
- Cell
- the basic unit of structure and function in an organism p7
- Monocot
- an angiosperm that has only one seed leaf p156
- Gametophyte
- the stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces gametes, or sex cells p110
- Petal
- a colorful, leaf like structure of some flowers p152
- Species
- a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce p18
- Antibiotic
- a chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a person's cells p62
- Photosynthesis
- the process by which plants and some other organisms capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water p104
- Ovary
- a flower structure that encloses and protects ovules and seeds as they develop p153
- Multicellular
- consisting of many cells p7
- Endospore
- a small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell p53
- Binary fission
- a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells p52
- Lichen
- the combination of a fungus and either an alga or an autotrophic bacterium that live together in a mutualistic relationship p95
- Binomial nomenclature
- the system for naming organisms n which each organism is given a unique, two-part scientific name indicating its genus and species p18
- Response
- an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus p9
- Fruiting body
- the reproductive structure of a fungus that contains many hyphae and produces spores p90
- Autotroph
- an organism that makes its own food p12
- Spontaneous generation
- the mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources p10
- Cytoplasm
- the region of a cell located inside the cell membrane (in prokaryotes) or between the cell membrane and nucleus (in eukaryotes); contains a gel-like material and cell structures p49
- Budding
- a form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new cell grows out of the body of a parent p90
- Organism
- a living thing p7
- Stamen
- the male reproductive part of a flower p153
- Eukaryote
- an organism whose cells contain nuclei p28
- Sepal
- a leaf like structure that encloses that bud of a flower p152
- Zygote
- a fertilized egg p107
- Pistil
- the female reproductive part of a flower p153
- Stimulus
- a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react p8
- Ribosome
- a tiny structure located in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are produced p49
- Unicellular
- made of a single cell p7
- Fungi
- a eukaryotic organism that has cell walls, uses spores to reproduce, and is heterotroph that feeds by absorbing its food p88
- Toxin
- a poison that can harm an organism p61
- Heterotroph
- an organism that cannot make its own food p12
- Fruit
- the ripened ovary and other structures of an angiosperm that enclose one or more seeds p155
- Vascular plant
- a plant having a vascular system.
- Cuticle
- the waxy, waterproof layer that covers the leaves and stems of most plants p106
- Homeostasis
- the maintenance of stable internal conditions p14
- Respiration
- the process of breaking down food to release its energy p51
- Taxonomy
- the scientific study on how living things are classified p17
- Dicot
- an angiosperm that has two seed leaves p156
- Development
- the process of change that occurs during an organism's life to produce a more complex organism p9
- Bacteria
- single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes p49