Chem Chp 7
Terms
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- fiber
- polymer with threadlike structure and very resistant to being stretched
- allotropes
- forms of an element different in either bonding or structure
- elements that can bond to carbon
- P, S, N, O, halogens, others
- disaccharide
- two monomer sugars
- maltose
- 2 glucose
- amine
- amino-
- plastic
- polymer able to be shaped of molded without destroying the polymer
- alkene
- hydrocarbon with double bonds
- polymer
- a large organic molecule composed of smaller units bonded together (aka macromolecules)
- carboxylic acid
- -oic acid
- cellulose
- most abundant natural polymer in the world
- monosaccharide
- single monomer sugars
- covalent network solid
- solid composed of atoms covalently bonded in a network in 2 or 3 dimensions
- 2 disaccharides
- maltose, sucrose
- petroleum
- raw product used to synthesize most plastics
- c12-c...
- lubricating oils, heating oils
- c5-c8
- gasoline
- alcohol
- -ol
- factors that make carbon unique
- covalent bonds, strong bonds, low reactivity, stable tetrahedral geometry
- starch
- storage polysaccharide
- saturated fatty acid
- hydrocarbon with maximum numer of hydrogen atoms bonded
- condesation polymer
- formed by reactions where H2O (or another small molecule) is a byproduct
- glycogen
- stores excess sugar in muscles, branched
- c3-c4
- liquefied petroleum (LPG)
- 2 monosaccharides
- glucose and fructose, broken down for energy in cellular respiration
- carbohydrates and water
- hydrophilic
- peptide bond
- formed between the carboxylic acid group of one amino acid and the amine group of another amino acid
- aromatic compound
- containing a ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double conds and delocalized electrons that provide great stability
- cellulose
- found in plants, fiber
- dehydration synthesis
- linking of monomers together to form a plymer, water is removed by takinng a hydrogen from one molecule and an alcohol from the other
- polysaccharide
- many monomer sugars
- monomer
- smaller unit from which polymers form
- hydrolisis
- to break a polymer back down into monomers with water
- c9-c16
- diesel, kerosene, jet fuel
- unsaturated hydrocarbon
- one w/ double and triple bonds
- how are organic compounds classified?
- by functional groups
- sucrose
- glucose and sucrose
- elastomer
- polymer with elastic poperties similar to rubber
- what does carbon most commonly bond with?
- O, H, N
- 2 covalent network solids
- diamond and graphite
- c1-c2
- gases (natural gas)
- ketone
- -one
- fructose
- ketone
- saturated fat
- all fatty acids must be saturated
- triglyceride
- fglycerol and 3 fatty acids
- unsaturated fat
- one or more fatty acids are unsaturated
- addition polymer
- formed by chain addition reactions between monomers with double bonds and COMBINE END TO END
- LDPE
- low density polyethylene a polymer with many side chains so it can't pack densely (used as saran wrap)
- aldehyde
- -al
- isomers
- compounds with same number and types of atoms but diferent geometric arrangements
- hydrocarbon
- simplest class of compounds made of only carbon and hydrogen
- polyunsaturated fat
- has several double bonds in the fatty acids
- lipids and water
- hydrophobic
- functional group
- group of atoms that give characteristic properties to organic compounds
- unsaturated fatty acid
- hydrocarbon with less than maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded, usually has double bonds
- alkane
- hydrocarbon with single bonds
- HDPE
- high density polyethylene a polymer with few side chains so it can pack tightly (rigid and strong used for bottles)
- alkyne
- hydrocarbon with triple bonds
- glucose
- aldehyde