Microbiology Exam 1
Terms
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- streptococci
- chains
- mycelium
- network of long multinucleate filaments
- peritrichous
- spread over entire surface of cell
- cycloserine
- inhibits racemase
- nucleoid
- localization of DNA
- sarcinae cocci
- cubic configuration of 8 spheres
- vibrios
- resemble rods, comma shaped
- protoplast
- no cell wall
- disinfection
- destruction or removal of vegetative pathogens but not bacterial endospores
- flagella
- movement
- pleomorphic
- organisms that are variable in shape (mycoplasma-no cell wall)
- ribosomes
- protein synthesis
- cocci
- spheres
- amphitrichous
- one flagellum at each end of cell
- sanitization
- reduction of microbial population to levels deemed safe
- endospore
- survival under harsh environmental conditions
- serovars
- differ in antigenic properties
- gas vacuole
- buoyancy for floating in aquatic environments
- integral proteins
- embedded within the membrane and not easily removed
- polar flagellum
- flagellum at end of cell
- biovars
- differ biochemically and physiologically
- pasteurization
- controlled heating at temperatures well below boiling; slows spoilage and kills pathogens by reducing total load of organisms present
- capsule
- resistance to phagocytosis, adherence to surfaces
- organotrophs
- obtain electrons from organic compounds for energy
- penicillin
- inhibits transpeptidation
- exoenzymes
- enzymes secreted by gram - positive bacteria, degrade polymeric nutrients that are too large for transport
- autotrophs
- use CO2 as carbon source
- chemotherapy
- chemicals used internally to kill or inhibit growth of microorganisms within host tissues
- vancomycin
- inhibits transpeptidation and transglycosylation
- bacitracin
- inhibits conversion of bactoprenolPP to bactoprenolP
- cell wall
- shape and protection
- bacilli
- rods
- periplasmic space
- contain enzymes and proteins for nutrient processing and uptake
- antisepsis
- prevention of infection of living tissue by microoragnisms
- monotrichous
- one flagellum
- lophotrichous
- cluster of flagella at one or both ends
- heterotrophs
- use organic molecules as carbon source
- peripheral proteins
- loosely associated with the membrane and easily removed
- purines and pyrimidines
- needed for nucleic acid synthesis
- vitamins
- function as enzyme cofactors
- staphylococci
- grape-like
- inclusion bodies
- storage of carbon, phosphate
- spirilla
- rigid helices
- lithotrophs
- use reduced inorganic substances for energy
- amino acids
- needed for protein synthesis
- morphovars
- differ morphologically
- chemotrophs
- energy from oxidation of chemical compounds
- diplococci
- pairs
- phototrophs
- use light
- sterilization
- complete removal or destruction of all viable microorganisms
- spheroplast
- some cell wall (presence of peptidoglycan)
- fimbriae and pili
- attachment to surfaces, bacterial mating
- coccobacilli
- very short rods
- tetrads
- 4 spheres in a square arrangement
- spirochetes
- flexible helices